Papers related to environmental protection issues in steel companies

As we all know, iron and steel enterprises are heavy energy-consuming and heavy-polluting enterprises. With its continuous development, people's calls for environmental protection have also increased and improved. The following is the content of the paper on environmental protection of steel companies that I have compiled for you. Welcome to read and refer to it!

Paper on environmental protection of steel companies Part 1

A brief discussion on the analysis of comprehensive environmental protection management of steel companies

Abstract: Based on the actual work and the background of the steel industry, this paper expounds the current environmental protection status of my country's steel enterprises. On this basis, it discusses effective measures to strengthen environmental protection. Finally, it briefly describes the environmental protection aspects of my country's steel enterprises. future development direction. For peer reference only.

Keywords: Iron and steel enterprises; environmental protection; green development; management measures; development direction

As we all know, iron and steel enterprises are heavy energy-consuming and heavy-polluting enterprises. As they continue to develop, , people’s calls for environmental protection have also increased and improved. This has prompted an increase in green regulation in many traditional "three high" industries such as steel. For example, steel companies have to meet various regulatory requirements through technological transformation, environmentally friendly relocation, and the launch of new equipment. However, under the pressure of a series of "green" regulations such as sintering desulfurization and dioxin emission reduction, the environmental protection costs of enterprises are constantly increasing. How to find a set of effective measures to control the environmental protection expenditures of steel companies and increase the company's own profits is particularly important for this team of steel companies.

1. Current status of environmental protection work in iron and steel enterprises

In my country, iron and steel enterprises take the treatment of "three wastes" as the content, aim to meet emission standards, and use comprehensive management as a means, that is, It includes smoke and dust control, sewage treatment, waste residue treatment and utilization, emission compliance and factory greening. But in actual production, we know that although a small part of the tailings sand and a part of the slag and dust sludge can be recycled, the development of their recycling technology still needs to be further developed.

According to incomplete statistics from authoritative data, my country’s current steel output is 550 million to 600 million tons/year, and energy consumption is 350 million to 400 million tons of standard coal/year. Only the waste heat of steel slag and blast furnace slag (dissipates Steam) is equivalent to about 20 million tons of standard coal per year. The waste heat resource recovery rate of my country's steel enterprises is only 25.8%, and a large amount of low-quality waste heat resources have not been effectively utilized. According to the quality statistics of waste heat resources, the high-temperature waste heat recovery rate is 44.4%; the medium-temperature waste heat recovery rate is 30.2%.

Based on the analysis of the actual work done by the author, there are currently three gaps in the environmental protection of my country's steel companies: Taking time as a node, starting from the 1990s, my country's steel companies Policies gradually attach importance to the environmental protection of iron and steel enterprises. In the mid-1990s, three changes were basically realized in my country. The first was from terminal treatment to full-process control; the second was from simple concentration control to concentration control. combined with total quantity control; the third one transformed from decentralized governance to a combination of decentralized and centralized management, and started a cleaner production pilot project.

As far as the author understands, in terms of capital investment in our country, our country’s environmental protection investment is increasing every year. However, compared with developed countries, the annual environmental protection investment of steel companies accounts for 2.5% of GDP. In terms of investment quantity, There is still a considerable gap in terms of governance and governance, and there is a long way to go.

2. Strong measures for environmental protection in steel companies

Based on the above analysis and discussion, and the current seriousness of pollution from my country’s steel companies, steel companies are forced to focus on production efficiency while also It is even more necessary to pay close attention to environmental pollution control and adopt a low-carbon economic development model based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions to continuously enhance its core competitiveness. The article summarizes some effective practices adopted by steel companies. The specific text is as follows:

2.1 Steel companies must continuously enhance environmental awareness and achieve green production. As a steel company, while continuously improving its own production capacity, it is necessary for company staff to continuously increase their environmental awareness and strengthen the training and popularization of relevant professional knowledge in environmental protection. Within the enterprise, the IS01400l certified environmental assessment and annual environmental report should be incorporated into the enterprise's evaluation system, and can also be used as one of the indicators for the annual assessment of employees.

In short, while my country's steel companies are making economic benefits on the one hand, they should also make social benefits on the other hand.

2.2 Iron and steel enterprises must improve the long-term mechanism for environmental supervision.

In this paper, the author suggested that the environmental testing and supervision department should regard steel enterprises as key supervision objects in normal times, urge enterprises to improve various management systems, continuously strengthen equipment management and internal management, and maintain the normal operation of pollution prevention and control facilities. It is also necessary to strictly investigate and punish the environmental violations of steel companies that dismantle, suspend operations, idle or abnormally use pollution prevention and control facilities without authorization. Enterprises that cannot meet emission standards will be ordered by the local environmental protection department to deal with them within a time limit, so that the pollutants emitted by each steel enterprise can stably meet the standards.

2.3 Iron and steel enterprises must continuously strengthen their own technological transformation.

In addition to the improvement of software infrastructure, the technical transformation of hardware facilities must also be continuously enhanced.

Here, the author suggests that steel companies should popularize and promote a number of relatively mature energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies. Here we can give examples to illustrate, such as garbage incinerators and other socially friendly waste treatment technologies. Through these technologies, Achieve low energy consumption and less material consumption. In addition, we can also invest in the development of some effective green technologies to further continuously improve the green manufacturing processes of steel production enterprises.

2.4 Steel companies need to transform.

Authoritative data shows that currently, there are 46 steel companies in my country located in provincial capitals and large and medium-sized cities. It is this special geographical location that limits the development of steel companies and puts pressure on the urban environment. Today, when relevant national departments vigorously advocate energy conservation and environmental protection, the environmentally friendly relocation of steel companies has become a general trend, which will serve as a reference for the adjustment of the layout of my country's steel industry.

2.5 Steel companies must continue to build a circular economy industrial chain.

This is a bold attempt for steel companies and a new way to solve environmental problems. This method can develop energy flow and material circulation processes among various industries and realize chain circulation of production resources.

Let us take the same example here, taking the low calorific value waste gas released from the blast furnace of the steel company. In actual operation, after implementing the comprehensive utilization of differential pressure power generation, it is sent to the coking plant for coke production. The steel should be Enterprises develop in the direction of buying only coal, not electricity, and no fuel oil. The high calorific value gas it replaces is sent to the steel plant for raw material sintering and steel rolling. The industrial waste heat from the steel plant is recycled to the coal chemical industry and urban life to save energy. and reducing pollution, among other things.

3. The development direction of environmental protection management of steel companies

In China, the development of steel companies has stood at a new starting point. However, with the rapid development of our country's economy, environmental protection has attracted more and more public attention. At present, the amount of wastewater discharged by my country's steel industry accounts for about 8% of the total wastewater discharged in the country, the amount of sulfur dioxide emissions accounts for about 7%, the amount of soot accounts for about 8%, the amount of dust accounts for about 15%, and the amount of solid waste generation accounts for about 13%. The steel output in the acid rain and sulfur dioxide control areas specified by the state accounts for about 75% of the country's total.

Based on this, China, which is experiencing accelerated industrialization and urbanization, is increasingly showing huge economic development potential. The author learned that some steel companies are constantly building themselves into leaders in steel technology and drivers of green industries. From this point of view, resource utilization, ecology, and low-carbonization of steel enterprises are the overall development trends in the future. The big slogan of "green economy", as the only way for future development, will push China's steel industry into a new track of structural adjustment, continuous innovation, and green development. This is the fundamental way to achieve sustainable development of steel enterprises.

References

[1] Liu Xiaoyan, Zhang Yan. Discussion on the application of environmental management system in fermented condiments [J]. Chinese Condiments, Issue 01, 2010.

[2] He Zhen, Energy conservation and environmental protection: need for publicity and more action [J]. Environmental Education, Issue 01, 2010.

[3] Wang Chun, Yang Xin. Steel industry Social Responsibility: Green Steel, Make the World Better - Congratulations on the Grand Opening of the Fourth Baosteel Academic Annual Conference [J], Science and Technology Daily, November 16, 2010.

[4] Zhu Changqi. Steel Industry Several issues worthy of attention in development [N]. China Metallurgical News, 2008-06-19.

[5] Zhang Jiaju. Current situation and prospects of my country's steel industry [D]. Beijing: Shanghai Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Institute. Paper on Environmental Protection of Steel Enterprises Part 2

A brief discussion on the current status and prospects of energy conservation and environmental protection in my country's steel industry

Abstract This article mainly focuses on analyzing the current status of energy conservation in my country's steel industry, and discusses these status quos This paper outlines the development direction of energy conservation and emission reduction in my country's steel industry, and finally explains how to do a good job in energy conservation and consumption reduction.

Keywords steel industry; energy saving; outlook

1. Introduction

With the continuous growth of my country’s steel industry, energy conservation and environmental protection issues have attracted widespread attention. . Although our country has achieved certain results in this regard, there are still some problems that need to be improved. Therefore, clarifying the key points and key links of energy conservation and environmental protection work in my country's steel industry, and then taking certain targeted measures, is of great significance to ensuring the development of energy conservation and environmental protection work in my country's steel industry.

2. Significance

The sustained and rapid development of the steel industry is inevitable and long-term. Our efforts in energy conservation and environmental protection play an important fundamental and promoting role in the development of the steel industry. The achievements of the past two years make us confident in achieving various goals. As the largest steel-producing country, we also have the responsibility to shoulder the important task of building a social and ecological demonstration park centered on steel production. We will definitely be able to complete the energy-saving and environmental protection goals and tasks in the new era. , achieve greater victory.

3. Current status of energy conservation in my country’s steel industry

1. Development of output in my country’s steel industry

Since my country’s crude steel output exceeded 100 million tons in 1996, it has Ranked first in the world for 15 consecutive years. Since the new century, driven by the strong demand brought about by the rapid development of industrialization and supported by the upgrading of the technological structure in the 1990s, my country's steel industry has entered a period of rapid development for 10 consecutive years. The annual crude steel output has averaged 18.5% per year. The growth rate reached 568 million tons in 2009 (716 million tons in 2013 and 780 million tons in 2013). The growth trend is shown in Figure 1. The per capita steel production exceeds 420kg, exceeding the per capita steel consumption and steel supply level of 300kg in industrialized countries.

2. Progress in energy conservation and emission reduction in my country’s steel industry

While China’s steel industry is rapidly expanding in scale, it has also achieved fruitful results in energy conservation and emission reduction. my country's steel enterprises have significantly reduced energy consumption through process structure adjustments, elimination of backward processes, optimization of energy consumption structure and development and application of new energy-saving technologies, and adoption of measures such as "cascade utilization and efficient conversion" of energy. In 2005, the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel dropped by 54.1% compared with 1990, to 0.741tce/t; after 2005, the electricity conversion coefficient was changed to "thermal equivalent value", and the comparable energy consumption per ton of steel dropped from 0.714 to 2013. of 0.549tce/t. The energy consumption indicators of some advanced large-scale steel complexes in China have reached or are close to the world's advanced level.

At the same time, indicators such as the production water intake, the amount of wastewater discharged, and the reuse rate of production water of my country's steel companies have improved significantly. From 2002 to 2013, the new water consumption per ton of steel dropped from 15.58t to 3.44t, the wastewater discharged per ton of steel dropped from 10.97t to 1.69t, and the water reuse rate increased from 90.56% to 96.9%; the main pollutant emission indicators are obvious Improvement, industrial dust per ton of steel has been reduced from 2.858kg to 0.743kg, and COD emissions per ton of steel have been reduced from 0.556kg to 0.073kg.

IV. Development direction of energy conservation and emission reduction in my country’s steel industry

1. Innovation in steel energy-saving equipment technology, process technology, and management technology

The essence of the production process of steel enterprises It is the flow and evolution process of matter, energy and related information. The physical essence of its dynamic operation process is: the material flow (mainly ferrite flow) is driven by the energy flow (mainly carbon flow) according to the set "Procedure", running dynamically and orderly along a specific "process network", is a continuous representation of the morphological evolution of ferrite material flow and carbon energy flow within the entire process. This requires people to conduct in-depth research on the efficient conversion and full-value development of energy flow with the same emphasis on ferrite material flow.

The steel manufacturing process is an open, non-equilibrium, and irreversible dissipative process. The characteristics of the steel process are that ferrite flow is a value-added process and energy flow is a dissipative process. The focus of the next step in energy-saving work is to suppress and reduce the depreciation and dissipation of energy through innovation in equipment technology, process technology, and management technology. We must pursue the goal of improving system energy efficiency? Dynamically orderly, continuous and compact, efficient-conversion, and coupling Match? Integration of new process technologies to minimize energy flow dissipation and maximize efficiency.

Therefore, it is necessary to achieve analytical optimization of process functions by optimizing the efficiency of the "three transmissions and one reverse" devices that make up the process; it is necessary to achieve system energy efficiency by reducing process margins and collaborative optimization using interface technology Improvement; integrated energy efficiency improvement must be achieved through coupling and matching, integrated reconstruction, and network optimization between energy media, material flows, and processes.

2. Develop an efficient operating model for distributed power generation in steel enterprises

There are two main ways to utilize waste heat and energy, one is thermal utilization, and the other is power utilization. Heat utilization has been basically well developed. However, due to the overall excess of heat in the steel process and the very limited ways to expand heat utilization, power utilization needs to be considered. If it is converted into electrical energy, its utilization pathways can be expanded. .

Among the waste heat and energy, gas has a high value and can be used as an ideal fuel for power generation. CCPP can be used to generate electricity by itself or cooperate with the power sector to pursue large-scale power generation benefits. Except for gas, 71.8% of other waste heat resources have a temperature exceeding 700°C and have a high smoke value. Therefore, in terms of quality, this part of waste heat resources has the feasibility of generating electricity. Change the inefficient recovery method of waste heat and energy into low-quality steam, hot water and other low-smoke value working fluids that are difficult to use in centralized, efficient and matched couplings. By building distributed power stations, different types of waste heat and energy can be converted into a unified form. High-level electric energy can be recovered, transported and used nearby. The waste heat and energy conversion efficiency is high, the transmission efficiency is high, and the use efficiency is high.

It has been estimated that according to the current mature technology level, the waste heat and energy recovery power generation capacity of a steel enterprise with an annual output of 10 million tons can reach 4.161 billion kWh.

If the potential of waste heat and waste energy in iron and steel enterprises for power generation is further explored, and through the development and application of new process technologies, waste heat from pellets, sinter, coke oven waste gas, metallurgical slag, low-temperature flue gas, etc. can be recycled to generate electricity, then the construction of steel power plants Through joint production enterprises, it will become a reality to achieve complete self-sufficiency in electricity or even external supply.

3. Development of clean and efficient steel products

For a long period of time in the future, compared with other materials, steel materials will still have advantages in terms of performance and recycling rate. With irreplaceable advantages, steel products are still the necessary and preferred material for social development. A circular economy society requires steel companies to provide more "green steel", which means to realize the function of the material with the least consumption; on the premise of meeting the function of the material, reduce the social and environmental load by producing clean, long-lasting and efficient steel products.

It is necessary to develop high-strength and high-toughness steels to reduce the use of materials and consumption. Such as: Grade III (400MPa) and above hot-rolled ribbed steel bars, high-strength steel plates for various purposes, H-shaped steel, etc.; high-strength steel Q420B replaces the existing Q235-Q345 steel, which can effectively save 6% to 8% of steel. Using Q460B can save 10% of steel; long life cycle products such as oil well pipes and pipeline steel plates that are resistant to hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide corrosion, atmospheric corrosion resistant steel plates and sections, refractory steel, etc.

4. Construct industrial clusters and expand the process value of steel companies

As a typical process industry, steel companies have the characteristics of process function diversity, goal diversity, and value diversity. They must Fully explore the advantages of the steel process, develop energy conversion functions, waste treatment, consumption, and recycling functions in equipment technology, process technology, and management technology, enhance the comprehensive value of the enterprise, and integrate steel companies into the circular economy and society.

It is necessary to use the theory of industrial ecology to develop an ecological industrial chain of materials, energy, and water resources, and build a chain with steel enterprises as the core and other enterprises (such as machinery, building materials, electronics, medicine, and chemicals) closely connected The steel eco-industrial park forms a mutually beneficial industrial cluster to optimize the use of materials and energy in the park.

5. How to do a good job in energy conservation and consumption reduction

If steel companies want to do a good job in energy conservation and consumption reduction, they should start from the following aspects:

1. Fully Understand the significance of adopting advanced energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies. Relying on advanced energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies to drive savings in raw materials, fuels and materials is an important means for enterprises to reduce costs and improve market competitiveness;

2. Aim at the world's technological frontiers and introduce and apply the latest technologies. It is necessary to comprehensively consider the issues of process support, so that new projects have a high starting point not only in terms of technology, but also in terms of energy saving and consumption reduction, eliminate backward processes and equipment as soon as possible, and transform from energy saving and consumption reduction of single equipment to system optimization, energy saving and consumption reduction. Achieve optimization and reasonable allocation of upper and lower processes;

3. Combine the introduced technology with the specific conditions of the enterprise. According to the production and equipment capacity status, when applying advanced energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies, advanced equipment and processes are selectively used to avoid blind investment that causes idle new equipment or waste of resources.

4. Increase investment in science and technology and continuously research new energy-saving and consumption-reducing topics. Organically combine technology introduction and secondary innovation to form an independent energy-saving and consumption-reducing technology system with the company's characteristics.

VI. Suggestions

If you want to achieve sustainable development in the more fierce market competition, you must give top priority to energy conservation and consumption reduction, and formulate practical and feasible policies based on your actual situation. We will adopt energy-saving measures, continuously introduce and develop new technologies and processes, strengthen independent research and development capabilities, eliminate backward production technologies and equipment, promote comprehensive recycling and utilization of resources, and promote cleaner production. Accelerate corporate reorganization, implement national policies, realize the transformation of economic growth from extensive production to intensive production, truly strengthen our country's steel industry, and comprehensively enhance the overall capabilities and market competitiveness of our country's steel industry.

VII. Conclusion

In summary, through the study of the current situation and prospects of energy conservation and environmental protection in my country's steel industry, the direction of energy conservation and environmental protection in the steel industry has been clarified. In the follow-up work of energy conservation and environmental protection in the steel industry, we must improve the management level of energy conservation and environmental protection work to avoid the waste of resources.

References

[1] Zhang Chunxia. Analysis of main energy-saving measures in steel production and their CO2 emission reduction potential [J]. Metallurgical Energy, 2010 (1): 3-7.

[2] Li Zhen. Current status and development trends of energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies in my country’s steel industry [J]. Ansteel Technology, 2011(5): 1-5.