The poem successfully creates a vivid image of a drunken and singing man. Although this image has a decadent side after being politically frustrated, its cynical character is quite admired by people. In addition to reflecting the abnormal psychology of intellectuals in the old era, he also described the dark reality of late Tang society through the images of characters.
This poem is first expressed in the pursuit of the image of poetry. At first glance, this poem contains no scene language and is all straightforward lyricism. But all the love words in the poem are not abstract lyricism, but can give people a concrete and complete impression. For example, the first sentence says that there is no need to worry about gains and losses. If it is stated directly, it will become abstract and conceptual. The half-confessional and half-advising tone of "Sing high when you gain, give up when you lose", especially the attitude of "singing high" with one's back, gives people a vivid and vivid feeling. When emotions have "state", they can be visualized. The second sentence does not say "sorrowful and hateful" which is too boring, but says "Yiyouyou". It also has a concrete and vivid effect, not just taking advantage of the rhyme. Similarly, instead of just muddling along, he said, "If you have wine today, you will be drunk today, and tomorrow you will be worried about tomorrow." He also made the phrase "Sing loudly when you gain and stop when you lose" concrete, and the image of a Kuangshi who sings and drinks indulgently is ready to emerge.
Let’s look at the third sentence first, “If you have wine today, you will get drunk today.” This sentence is a well-known saying. The poet here tells the world: When frustration cannot be resolved, drunkenness can relieve sorrow. In fact, drinking wine to relieve worries has been around since ancient times. Cao Cao once said, "The only way to relieve worries is Du Kang." But these words have a different flavor when they come from the poet's mouth: If you really have wine to relieve your sorrows all the time, it's not a bad idea to be drunk all your life. But the poet is a poor and depressed literati, and he cannot have wine every day. The repetition of the two "present days" shows that the so-called relief from worries is only a temporary relief. It seems that in the face of the endless sorrows and frustrations in the world, the poet has no one-stop solution. "Tomorrow's worries will come tomorrow's worries." This sentence clearly reveals the helplessness and sadness of the poor and down-and-out poet. It is precisely because the time for "drunk" is limited. What will happen after you wake up? The old worries that have not yet been dismissed plus the worries of tomorrow. New sorrow, that is even more sorrow. It can be seen from this that the poet who is persuading the world to be more open-minded about everything has actually not solved the problem of "rest immediately". Although he adopts a dismissive attitude towards the worries of tomorrow, this exactly reflects his past Drinking wine drowns me in sorrow, and I feel helpless and depressed. Among ancient literati, few could reach such a state while living in an official society that was striving for fame and wealth. This is the overall image created by this poem. It is not enough to point this out, but also to see that this image has a unique personality. As long as this poem is compared with "Golden Thread Clothes" by Du Qiuniang, which also contains the connotation of "carpe diem", it is not difficult to see. There it talks about flowers and young people, so "Don't wait until the flowers are empty and break the branches", which means living up to your youth and working hard in time; while here it is like singing and drinking, and it also has the decadence of old age, "There is wine now, and you will be drunk now." "It always makes people feel an inner sense of desolation and resentment. The two poems are not identical to each other. The emotion of this poem is both universal and its image is personal, so it has typical significance.
The most successful aspect of this poem’s artistic expression lies in the changes in overlapping, thus forming a wonderful aria. One is the overlapping changes in emotion. The first sentence summarizes the meaning of the question first, saying that you can be happy when you win and don't feel sad when you lose; the second sentence is a supplement to the first sentence, saying the same meaning from the opposite side: otherwise, "more sorrow and more hatred" is harmful and unhelpful. ; The third and fourth sentences return to the positive conception, respectively advancing the meaning of the first sentence: "There is wine today, and I am drunk now" is the repetition and advancement of "Sing high when you gain", and "Sorrow tomorrow will bring sorrow" is the repetition and advancement of "lost tomorrow". Further elucidation of "Retire immediately". In short, from beginning to end, the poetry has a twist and rise. The second is the overlapping changes in sound, that is, words. The first four characters of the first sentence and the last three characters have opposite meanings, while the second and sixth characters ("i.e.") overlap; the second sentence is in a contraction style, meaning that there is a lot of sorrow and a lot of hate, forming a repeated agreement. The sentence pattern of the third and fourth sentences is the same, but the word "now" overlaps in the three sentences, and the word "morrow" in the fourth sentence overlaps with three. However, the first word "chou" is a noun, and the last word "chou" is a verb, with the same part of speech. There are changes. It can be said that each sentence is overlap and change hand in hand, and the specific expression of each sentence is different. The technique of unification of overlap and change is used to its fullest, which seems to be the most prominent in the short poems.
Due to the uniqueness of the above two aspects, it is suitable for some poor and depressed people to drink "self-relief" and cultivate their sentiments for thousands of years. Among the many ancient poems about relieving sorrow, the only one that is easiest to remember is "the present day" If you have wine, you will get drunk today."
The title of the poem "Self-Relief" means to relieve oneself and feel relieved. The key to interpreting this poem lies in whether the poet has eliminated "sorrow" and "hate". The poet's "sorrow" and "hate" are the sorrow of society and the sorrow of his family and country. This kind of sorrow is difficult for the poet himself to solve. The emperor would not listen if he wrote to him; he would not listen to his advice; he would be angry if he remonstrated. The poet adopted an attitude of ignoring, not accepting, not cooperating, and not speaking. However, most intellectuals do not speak or cooperate, so "silence is better than sound at this time" has great power. "The Poems of Dai Jingtang": "Evil poems are passed down from generation to generation and become proverbs. This is true." The misfortune of being elegant. For example, "In times of chaos, slaves deceive their masters, and in times of decline, ghosts trick people." This is also a poem by Xunhe of Tang and Du Dynasties. "There is wine today and you will be drunk today, and tomorrow you will be worried about tomorrow", Luo Yin's poem also said.
..."Ignore the moon in front of the court behind closed doors, and distribute the plum blossoms on my own." Chen Suiyin of the Southern Song Dynasty said in his own words that his ancestors hid an aphorism that was praised by Zhen Xishan and Liu Mantang.
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