(1) Negative evaluation:
1, treachery. Speaking of Cao Cao, the first thing that reminds us is the treacherous image of Cao Cao. Why do people think Cao Cao is a treacherous man when he is mentioned? Of course there are many reasons.
(1) The biggest reason should be Cao Cao's treacherous personality. Cao Cao's treachery can be seen in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
(1) For the first time, I wrote that Cao Cao did nothing when he was a child and was dissatisfied with his uncle's control, so he used fraudulent means to provoke the relationship between his father and uncle, just for the purpose of his debauchery, which fully showed that he was born cunning, good at conspiracy and qualified as a politician. As soon as Cao Cao appeared, he gave people a sly image, which showed his treacherous nature.
(2) Episode 20: "It is said that Cao Cao raised his sword to kill Zhang Liao, Liu Bei grabbed his arm, and Yun Shang knelt before him. Liu Bei said: "These pure-hearted people should be kept properly. Yun said, "Guan has always known loyalty and is willing to lay down his life for protection." Cao Cao threw a sword and said with a smile, "I also know Wen Yuan's loyalty, so I am the ear of the play." "I was tied by myself, took off my clothes and sat on it. Liao felt it and surrendered. "This time, Cao Cao captured Zhang Liao, and Zhang Liao refused to surrender. Cao Cao was furious and wanted to kill Zhang Liao. After Liu Bei and Guan Yu begged, he immediately threw down his sword and put on a smiling face and said, "I also know Wen Yuan's loyalty, so this is the ear of the play ..." He personally untied Zhang Liao, undressed him and sat on it. This is Cao Cao, who made his reputation with his cunning.
(3) Cao Cao's cunning and treachery is also manifested in "borrowing his head to press the morale of the army." Cao Cao170,000 troops are out, and food and grass will be exhausted. How to appease the morale of the army? Cao Cao actually came up with a trick of "borrowing the head to suppress the morale of the army." Selfishness and malice let Cao Cao frame others to free himself. He said to Wang Nan, "I know you are innocent, but if you are not killed, the army will change. After your death, I will raise your wife by myself, you can rest assured. " "Your wife is self-reliant, so you have no worries." Every word here is permeated with creepy coldness.
(2) Cao Cao usurped the Han Dynasty. People think that Cao Cao is a treacherous villain, and another reason is that he usurped the Han Dynasty. In ancient times, the emperor was the foundation of a country, but if Cao Cao wanted to be an emperor himself, he would definitely be reviled by the people. In this respect, it should also be one of the reasons why people think he is treacherous and dislike him.
(3) In the end, it may be because Cao Cao said, "I would rather lose the world than lose me in the world", which makes people hate his treachery even more. Something like this. After Dong Zhuo entered Beijing, Cao Cao was appointed as a captain of Xiaoqi. Cao Cao refused Dong Zhuo's appointment, escaped from Luoyang and took a shortcut back to his hometown. When I passed my friend Lv Boshe's house, I went to my old friend's house to have a rest. Suddenly I heard the sound of sharpening a knife at my friend's house, thinking that I had been betrayed, so I killed them all, but later I found out that he had killed my friend's family by mistake, so I said the above words. Perhaps it is precisely because of the above reasons that when people mention Cao Cao, they will think of his treachery.
2. Suspicion, malice and insidious. This is also a distinctive character of Cao Cao. His suspicious, vicious and insidious nature is clearly reflected in the excuse and knife of killing. For example, Cao Cao killed Yang Xiu with an excuse. (1) Because Yang Xiu's servants made Cao Cao have the idea of killing Yang Xiu, but because Cao Cao has a reputation of "loving talents" outside, he can only endure it. It happened that this arrogant Yang Xiu spied on his inner secret in a bad military operation, and he was upset and angry, exposing his "chicken ribs" charades, so Cao Cao did not hesitate to take advantage of this rare opportunity. Kong Rong recommended a promising young Mi Fei to Cao Cao, but Mi Fei always looked down on Cao Cao. So Cao Cao held a grudge and wanted to find an opportunity to humiliate Mi Heng. Unfortunately, at the banquet, Cao Cao was insulted by Mi Fei's drumming, which made him lose face. He hates his teeth, too Cao Cao wanted to kill Mi Heng by Liu Biao's hand, and finally Huang Zu became his voluntary executioner. Sacrificing other people's lives to relieve their own difficulties is Cao Cao's specialty and a high combination of poison and selfishness. (3) see "kill in the dream". In order to prevent others from secretly harming themselves, Cao Cao carefully fabricated a lie about "I want to kill someone in my dream", but he knew that no one would believe it if he just said it. In order to convince others of his words and ensure his personal safety, Cao Cao directed and performed a wonderful murder drama in his dream, and then watched his performances after waking up, such as "pretending to be surprised" and "crying and giving him a heavy burial." The result of this time is of course to meet Cao Cao's request: "Everyone thinks that killing people in dreams is a dream. Here, people also feel the suspicious, vicious and insidious Cao Cao.
(2) Positive evaluation:
1, good talent, good martial arts and good study. In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, although the image of Cao Cao is mostly treacherous, vicious and suspicious, for a character, his image is also two-sided. We can also see that Cao Cao himself still has many advantages in many aspects, which is worthy of our affirmation in some aspects. First of all, although Cao Cao was naughty since he was a child, he used tricks to provoke the relationship between his father and uncle, and even stole the bride with his playmates, but he was not an ordinary dude. He showed signs of becoming a politician when he was young. Cao Cao is still very talented. Cao Cao wrote many good words that have been handed down to this day, such as "Short Songs" and "Watching the Sea". It's really ambitious and magnificent! It also shows his literary talent. And Cao Cao also has a good martial arts, which prepared him for his later battles. He likes reading very much all his life. Perhaps because of his hobbies, he is proficient in strategy, tactics and art of war, which makes him good at fighting. Therefore, he often wins more with less, and wins the strong with weakness. For example, in the battle of Guandu, facing Yuan Shao, who was ten times stronger than himself, he was resourceful and decisive, and showed his great talent with his courage and talent. Even if he failed, Cao Cao was not discouraged, but faced the challenge calmly, turned the corner and turned defeat into victory. Cao Cao's own advantages enabled him to grow up in the later wars.
2. Courage and wisdom. In the first chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao wrote that he "has the right to change many machines" and used "lying on the ground to make a move" to express his feelings. Although I was naughty when I was a child and wanted to punish my uncle, Cao Cao's wisdom can be seen. In the process of "Abolishing the throne of Han Dynasty and asking Meng De, a thief of Dong Dynasty, to offer a knife", Cao Cao showed his unique fearless spirit and superhuman courage. Dong Zhuo, who was overbearing, became a big worry for the royalists. However, when the civil and military officials of the Qing Dynasty were helpless in the face of this reality, Cao Cao laughed alone and sneered: "If the Qing Dynasty is a minister, he will cry until the third night, and Ming will cry until the third night. Can he still cry to death? " So Cao Cao took risks and assassinated Dong Zhuo with a knife alone, which showed his extraordinary courage and won him the reputation of "loyal minister". In the process of assassination, because Dong Zhuo was aware of it, he immediately knelt down and lied about offering a knife, showing his "courage and wisdom" in face of danger. In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, his glorious image was also promoted to a new stage, showing extraordinary talent. At the same time, for Cao Cao, who became a military commander, this is not enough. He is also very "brave and smart" in strategic thinking. He has rich practical experience, and has shown extraordinary military talent in many battles. Among the guards of Qin Wang, 50,000 elite soldiers were sent first, and then infantry was added. At that time, after being crushed by the army, Cao Cao's prestige was extraordinary, and his great talent and greatness beyond other powerful politicians were highlighted.
3, meritocracy, broad-minded, long-term vision. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao's pride in the Central Plains lies not only in his own "courage and intelligence", but also in a group of loyal and intelligent teams. Cao Cao knew that people were good at their duties and brought a large number of talented people into his group, so that they could do their best, which made great contributions to Cao Cao's future political career and provided him with the greatest possibility to compete for the great cause of the North. Wily uncle Yu Xun, unpredictable Guo Jia, talented Cheng Yu, Man Chong, Ye Liu, etc. Also vote for their names; Yu Jin, a martial arts expert, and Dian Wei, who is brave and unparalleled, also joined under his command. Soon after, Cao Cao's men were full of civil servants and military commanders. Cao Cao not only has a good eye for talents, but also always tries his best to win them over. Cao Cao was very fond of Guan Yu, and he tried every means to keep him. Even though he knew it was impossible and unhappy, he made sacrifices and praised: "The victim never forgot his roots and was a righteous man on earth." In particular, after Guan Yu passed the five customs and beheaded six generals, he still insisted on not changing and ordered Guan Yu to be released. It shows Cao Cao's tolerance and generosity in employing people.
4, calm and decisive psychological quality. This is a necessary quality for a strategist. And Cao Cao has shown his good psychological quality on many occasions. In the first struggle with Shi Changshi, Cao Cao's careful thinking on the struggle strategy and judgment on the outcome of the struggle showed his outstanding ability to govern the country: Cao Cao thought highly of "the machine is inseparable, and there will be genocide", which was regarded as "ignorance" by He Jin; Cao Cao judged that blades called foreign soldiers into Beijing to kill eunuchs was an "unexpected defeat" and was also denounced by blades. However, the subsequent murder of He Jin and Dong Zhuo's atrocities in Beijing all revealed Cao Cao's foresight from the end.
Second, Cao Cao's evaluation:
Cao Cao (155-0315,220) was born in Mengde, a lucky man and a small character, Asan, from Peiguoqiao County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was an outstanding politician, strategist, writer and calligrapher, and the founder of the Cao Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos. In the name of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao conquered all directions, wiped out the separatist forces such as Er Yuan, Lu Bu, Liu Biao, Ma Chao and Han Sui at home, surrendered to Xiongnu, Wuhuan and Xianbei in the south, unified northern China, and implemented a series of policies to restore economic production and social order, expand reclamation, build water conservancy projects, reward farmers and mulberry, attach importance to handicrafts, resettle refugees and implement ". Under Cao Cao's rule, the Yellow River basin was politically clear to a certain extent, the economy gradually recovered, the class oppression was slightly alleviated, and the social atmosphere improved. Some measures taken by Cao Cao in the name of Han have positive effects.
When Cao Cao was alive, he served as the prime minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty and later as Wang Wei, which laid the foundation for the establishment of Cao Wei. After his death, posthumous title became King Wu. After his son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Mao.
Cao Cao is good at writing poems, expressing his political ambitions with great boldness of vision, generosity and sadness, and reflecting the miserable life of the people in the late Han Dynasty. Prose is also neat, which opens and prospers Jian 'an literature and leaves precious spiritual wealth to future generations. Historically, it was called Jian 'an Style, and Lu Xun rated it as "the founder of reforming articles". At the same time, Cao Cao is also good at calligraphy, and Zhang Huaiguan in the Tang Dynasty rated Cao Cao's Cao Zhang as a "wonderful work" in "The Story".