Introduction: The Gift of Flowers is the work of Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem was written in 761 AD (the second year of Tang Dynasty and Shang Yuan Dynasty). Du Fu often visited various places. One day, Du Fu came to Hua Jingding's house and heard melodious music in Hua Qing's house. Du Fu lamented the beauty of the music, so he improvised and wrote this poem, praising the music as a rare Yue Xian in the sky.
Presenting Flowers to Qing
[Tang] Du Fu
There are many silk tubes in Jincheng, and
half in the river and half in the clouds.
This song should only exist in the sky,
How many times can people hear it?
Note
(1) Hua Qing: The Ministry of Yin Cui Guangyuan in Chengdu decided to spend flowers.
(2) Jincheng: namely Jinguan City, which refers to Chengdu
(3) Silk pipes: stringed instruments and wind instruments, which generally refer to music here.
(4) in succession: describe the softness and melodiousness of music.
(5) heaven: pun, which refers to the heavenly palace in vain, actually refers to the imperial palace.
(6) How many times: It means how many times. The meaning of the article is that it is rarely heard in the world.
Translation
The music in Jinguan City is soft and melodious.
Half of it floats with the river wind and the other half floats into the clouds.
This kind of music should only exist in the sky.
How many times can you hear it on earth?
Modern Translation of Ancient Poetry
Beautiful music wafts in Jincheng every day, half of which is blown away by the river wind and half of which is curled into the clouds. Is this melodious tune played by immortals? It can be heard several times among ordinary people.
Appreciation:
Appreciation of the famous sentence-"Half into the river and half into the clouds."
This quatrain is written for giving flowers to Jing Ding, and its content is to praise the music played by the florist. Among them, "half into the river and half into the clouds" is the crowning sentence, which not only describes the diffusion of music from the city to the air and to the suburbs, but also describes the beauty of abstract music with concrete and sensible images. The flowing river, the gentle breeze on the river, and the graceful clouds give people a feeling of fluency, gentleness and melodiousness, which reminds people of words like "flowing clouds and flowing water" and "very sonorous", which have deepened people's feelings about the music described. The last two sentences lament that this kind of music should only be available in the sky, and it is rare to listen to it on earth, which directly gives music unparalleled praise. The whole poem revolves around music, or describes the specific image, or describes one's own reverie, which is both virtual and real, and skillfully writes the beauty of music.
This poem was written in the second year of Shang Yuan, and it was written after listening to music at Hua Jingding's banquet. Hua Jing is determined to counter the rebellion, but he is proud of his merits, and he has no respect for the king's law and the court. * He used the music of the emperor, and Du Fu made this poem to be ironic. The combination of reality and fiction in the whole poem, because of reality and fiction, and the combination of reality and fiction, praised the beauty of the music to the extreme. Even the implication of the poem is meaningful. Since "this song should only exist in the sky", why is it that "there are many silk pipes in Jincheng"? Implicit irony is all in it.
Appreciation
Hua Jing, a military commander in Jinguancheng, must have made meritorious deeds in counterinsurgency. He once indulged his subordinates in plundering East Shu. He is even more proud of himself, often feasting on guests, singing and dancing, and being extravagant and extravagant. On the surface, this poem presented by Du Fu is praising music, but in fact it contains irony and exhortation.
in the first two sentences, I thank you for your knowledge. In the first sentence, I have fun every day, and in the second sentence, I write music far and wide, which reflects from the side that Hua Jing is determined to enjoy herself excessively and recklessly. The last two sentences describe feelings, which is to praise the music as Yue Xian, but actually imply that Hua Jingding has gone off the rails and used music that only the emperor can listen to. This can be seen from the words "heaven" and "earth". The poet used "heaven" as a metaphor for the palace where the emperor lived, and "human" as a metaphor for the outside of the palace. It's a pun!
The whole poem is dynamic and quiet, tactfully and implicitly. It is an intriguing satire!
this quatrain is literally as clear as words, but there have always been many objections to its main idea. Some people think that it is just a praise music, and there is no implication; However, Yang Shen's Poems on Sheng 'an said: "Hua Qing used the rites and music of the Emperor quite arrogantly in Shu, and Zi Mei made a mockery of it, but the intention was beyond words, which won the poet's purpose." Shen Deqian's "Talking about Poetry" also said: "Poetry is expensive and meaningful, and words are here and there. Du Shaoling's tattooing and stealing, he wants to write new songs in the sky." Yang and Shen's theory is preferable.
In China's feudal society, the etiquette system was extremely strict, and even music had an unusually clear hierarchy. According to the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, after the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, Gao Zu Li Yuan ordered Tai Chang Shao Qing Zu Xiao Sun to textual research the Tang Dynasty elegant music, "The emperor was in the porch, playing Taihe; Princes come in and out, playing shuhe; Crown Prince Xuan hangs in and out, playing Chenghe; ..... "These piecemeal music systems are all the established laws of the dynasty, which are slightly violated, that is, they are chaotic and rebellious.
Hua Qing, whose name is Jing Ding, is a ministry of Yin Cui Guangyuan in Chengdu, and has made contributions to counter-insurgency. However, he was proud of himself, arrogant and illegal, and indulged his foot soldiers in plundering East Shu. And overstepping the court, arrogating the music of the son of heaven. Du Fu's poems are euphemistic satire.
what is intriguing is that the author did not explicitly criticize Hua Qing, but adopted a clever technique of punning. Literally, this is an excellent musical hymn. You see:
"There are many silk management days in Jincheng", which means Chengdu; Silk tubes refer to stringed and wind instruments; In succession, the original intention is that there are many and chaotic things, which are usually used to describe concrete things that can be seen and touched, but here they are used to compare abstract music that can't be seen and touched, which turns the invisible into tangible from the synaesthesia of human hearing and vision, and accurately and vividly depicts the light, soft, mixed and harmonious music effect of the stringed pipe. "Half into the river and half into the clouds" is also written in the same way: the melodious music flies out from the banquet of Huaqing's family, rippling in the Jinjiang River with the wind, and Ran Ran floats into the blue sky and white clouds. These two poems make us truly feel the beauty of the music. The two words "half" are empty and flexible, which adds a lot of interest to the whole poem.
The music is so beautiful that the author can't help sighing and saying, "This music should only be found in the sky, and people can hear it several times." Fairy music in the sky, of course, is rare in the world, and it is even more wonderful to smell it when it is rare.
There are four sentences in the whole poem. The first two sentences describe the music in a concrete image, which is real writing; The last two sentences boast of the fairy music in the sky, which is a daydream. Because of reality and emptiness, the reality and reality are born together, and the beauty of the music is praised to the extreme.
however, this is only a literal meaning, and its implication is meaningful. This can be seen from the words "heaven" and "earth". Those who are "in the sky" are also in the palace where the son of heaven lives; The "human" is also outside the palace. This is a very common pun in feudal society. It is said that music belongs to the sky, and the word "should only be" is added. Since it is "should only be in the sky", then "human" should certainly not be "heard". We should not "smell" but "smell", not only "several times", but also "days after days". As a result, the author's satirical intention is both implicit, indirect and accurate from this contradictory opposition.
Zhang Tianjue, a Song Dynasty poet, once commented on the satirical cloud of poetry: "Irony should not be in full bloom, and anger will expose the bones and muscles." ("Poet Jade Scrap" Volume 9 quotes) Du Fu's poem contains rigidity in softness, a needle hidden in cotton, irony in flattery, implication in words, advice but not harsh words, which can be described as just right. As Yang Lun commented: "It is like flattery and irony. The so-called speaker is not guilty, and the one who hears it is enough to quit." Such quatrains, how to reduce the dragon label (Wang Changling) and sacrifice (Li Bai). " (Du Shi Jing Quan)