Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, moved from Xiangyang (now Hubei) to Gongxian (now Henan) and was the grandson of Du Fu, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Du Shaoling and Du Gongbu are famous for their poems, because they often call themselves "young Ling Ye Lao" and served as foreign ministers in the Ministry of Supervision. Their poems are good at choosing social themes with universal significance, reflecting the political corruption at that time and expressing the people's wishes to some extent. Many of his excellent works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from the prosperity of Kaiyuan to the disintegration and decline, so they are called "the history of poetry". The style of poetry is gloomy and the language is concise and vivid, which has a great influence on later poets.
Wang Wei (70 1-76 1) was originally from Qi (now Qixian County, Shanxi Province) and his father moved (now Yongji West, Shanxi Province), so he was named Hedong. Kaiyuan Jinshi He served as Da Lecheng and You Shiyi. When An Lushan rebelled, he was forced to assume a false post. He has made great achievements in poetry and painting. Su Dongpo praised him for "painting in poetry and poetry in painting", especially for his achievements in landscape poetry. Together with Meng Haoran, they are called "Wang Meng". In his later years, he was careless about his official career and devoted himself to being a Buddha. Later, he was called "Shi Fo".
Liu Zongyuan (773-8 19), whose name is Liu Hedong, was born in Jiezhou Town, Yuncheng County, Shanxi Province. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan, Dezong was a scholar, and he also gave lectures and learned. Yuan Wailang, the official to the Ministry of Rites, was demoted to Yongzhou Sima because of his participation in the reform of Wang Group, and later moved to Liuzhou Secretariat, known as Liu Liuzhou in history. Poetry and prose were very famous at that time. Together with Han Yu, he led the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, and was called Liu Han, one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
Han Yu (768-824) was born in Heyang, Henan Province (now Meng County, Henan Province). Self-proclaimed county king Changli, known as Han Changli in the world. Young, lonely and poor, studious, Dezong Zhenyuan was a scholar for eight years. He used to supervise the censor, but was demoted to Yangshan county order because he was exempted from customs clearance. Later, Pei Du, the prime minister, pacified Huaixi, moved to the assistant minister of the Ministry of Punishment, and fell to the secretariat of Chaozhou for remonstrating the Buddha's bones. I served as an assistant minister in the official department and died as a civil servant, so I was called the Korean official department and the Korean civil servant. He was the leader of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, and was also called Liu Han with Liu Zonger. Poetry strives to be novel, bold and imposing.
Bai Juyi (772-846), whose real name was Lotte, was a scholar named Xiangshan in his later years. His predecessor was from Taiyuan, and later he moved to Xiaao (now Weinan, Shaanxi) and was born in Xinzheng, Henan. Zhenyuan was a scholar in the fifteenth year. Yuanhe was a bachelor of Hanlin and Zuo Zanshan was a doctor. Because of his high position, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima and Shanfo in his later years and became a musician himself. He wrote many poems in his life, among which allegorical poems are the most famous, and the language is easy to understand, so he is called "the eloquent old woman". Narrative poems such as Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow are also famous.
Li Shangyin (8 13-858) is a native of Yuxi. A native of Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang, Henan). Driving into a Jinshi. Because of the constant struggle between cows and plums, I was frustrated all my life. His poems are novel in conception and beautiful in style, especially some love poems are lingering and memorable. But it is too obscure to be solved. There is a saying that "poets love Quincy, but only hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng".
Wang Bo (649-676) was born in Longmen, Jiangzhou (now Hejin, Shanxi). At the age of fourteen, he was a member of Su You Keji. He once joined the army in Zhou Guo and then went to visit his father. Unfortunately, he drowned at the age of 27. His poems strive to get rid of Qi Liang's poetic style, and his prose is also famous. He wrote the famous preface to Wang Teng-ting. They, together with Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo, are called the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty.
Liu Yuxi (772-842), a native of Luoyang (now Henan), said that his ancestral home was Zhongshan (now Dingxian, Hebei). In the ninth year of Zhenyuan, he was a scholar, and he was given supervision and admonition. Because he participated in the King's political reform and opposed the separatist forces of eunuchs and buffer regions, he was demoted to Langzhou Sima after his failure and moved to Lianzhou as a secretariat. Later, due to the recommendation of Prime Minister Pei Du, he was appointed as a prince guest, and was added as a collating department history, called Liu Ke. He befriended Liu Zongyuan, known as "Liu Liu", and often sang with Bai Juyi, also known as "Bai Liu". His poetry style is fresh and implicit, and he is good at absorbing the essence of folk songs and reflecting social life.
Du Mu (803-852), a native of Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi), was the grandson of Du You, the prime minister. In the second year of Taihe, he was a scholar, and was the staff of Shen Chuanshi, the observer of Jiangxi and the observer of the Propaganda Bureau, and Niu Senru, the correspondent of this newspaper. He served as the censor, and was also the secretariat of Huang, Chi and Mu. Later, he became Si Xun's foreign minister and finally wrote a book. Poetry is bold and beautiful, with its own style, and it is called "Xiao Du". Like Li Shangyin, it is also called "Little Du Li".
Xin Qiji, 1 104 ~ 1207, was a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. The word You 'an, Jia Xuan, is from Licheng, Jinan. Geng Jing massed troops in Shantung, restrained loyalty, and left the minister in charge. In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing, he ordered Feng Biao to return to the south, and Emperor Gaozong summoned him and awarded him the position of Cheng Wulang. Ning Zongchao was tired of being an official in eastern Zhejiang and added Long Ting and other systems. He entered parliament and was appointed as a pawn. He has lived in Shangrao and Buried Hill in Jiangxi for more than ten years. His writing is full of passion, generosity and tragic. Powerful brushwork, diverse artistic styles and uninhibited. And "Jia He's Short Sentence".
Ouyang Xiu (1007- 1072) was a writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. The word Yong Shu was born in Jishui, Jizhou (now Jiangxi). Tiansheng Jinshi hates official patents, is a bachelor of Hanlin, a secretary of the Council, and participates in the discussion of state affairs. He was the leader of the ancient prose movement in the Northern Song Dynasty. Prose is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" because of its fluent reasoning and euphemistic expression. His poetic style is similar to his prose, his language is fluent and natural, and his words are profound and beautiful. There is Ouyang Wenzhong's collection, and his ci collection includes Liu Yici, Modern Yuefu, and Biography of Drunken Music.
Li Qingzhao 1084 ~ Southern Song poetess. No. Yi 'an Jushi was born in Zhangqiu, qi zhou (present-day Shandong). Father Li was a famous scholar at that time, and husband Zhao Mingcheng was a textual research scholar. He lived a prosperous life in his early years and devoted himself to the collection and arrangement of calligraphy and painting stones with Zhao Mingcheng. The nomads from the army entered the Central Plains and lived in the south. Ming Cheng died of illness and was in a lonely situation. In the early stage of his poems, he mostly reflected the leisure life, and in the later stage, he lamented his life experience and sentimental mood. Formally, he is good at using line drawing, creating a new way and using beautiful language. The tone of the word emphasizes harmony, advocates elegance, puts forward the theory that the word "don't be a family" and opposes the method of writing poetry. There is a collation of Li Qingzhao's collected works today.
Wang Zhuoyun: If you are a woman, choose the first word. Making long and short sentences can be tortuous, brisk and full of gestures; The gossip in Tingzixiang is written at random. Since ancient times, the gentry's home has been able to educate women. I have never seen such carelessness. (Bi Zhi)
Wang Anshi 102 1 ~ 1086, an outstanding politician and writer. Character Festival, Linchuan (now Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province) people. Song Shenzong is the Prime Minister. Reform and reform, reform and innovation, the world is king. The main achievement in literature is that there are not many words in poetry, but their words can "wash away the old habits of the Five Dynasties" and awaken the realm. Today, I pass on the Collected Works of Mr. Linchuan and the Collected Works of Wang Wen to you.
Su Shi was a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty from 1037 to 1 1. Zi Zizhan was born in Meishan, Meizhou (present-day Sichuan). Jiayou Jinshi, the official to the history of the Ministry of rites. Politically belonging to the old party, tired of being demoted. Wang Yang is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His poems are fresh and vigorous, with bold words and broad artistic conception. His paintings and calligraphy are also unique.
Liu Yong? ~ about 1053, a poet in the northern song dynasty. The word Qing, formerly known as Sanbian, was named Jingzhuang, later renamed Yong, ranking seventh, hence the name Liu Qi, a native of Zong 'an (now Fujian). Beijing tour Jinshi, official wasteland Yuanwailang. As a bohemian, he was down and out all his life. His ci mostly describes the city scenery and the life of geisha, and he is especially good at expressing the feelings of traveling and service. Ci is very popular, "there is a well to drink, and you can sing Liu Ci". There is an action set.
Lu you1125 ~1210, a poet of the southern song dynasty, was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Famous patriotic poet in Southern Song Dynasty, one of the four great poets in Southern Song Dynasty. The amount of words is not as large as that of poems, but it runs through the patriotic spirit of swallowing the remnants like poems. He is the author of "Song of Weng" and "Weinan Ci".
Li Yu (937-978), whose real name is Jia Cong, whose real name is Shi Guang and whose real name is Zhong Yin, was the sixth son of Southern Tang Dynasty. Xuzhou people. Song Stegosaurus ascended the throne in Jinling in the second year (96 1) and reigned for fifteen years. He is called Li Houzhu. When he ascended the throne, the Southern Tang Dynasty had served Song Zhengshuo and settled in a corner of the south of the Yangtze River. In the seventh year of Song Kaibao (974), Song Taizu sent letters to the north many times, but he refused to leave. In October of the same year, Song Bing went south to attack Jinling. Next November, when the city is broken, the queen's flesh will come out naked, and she will be caught in Bianjing and sealed there, and she is not allowed to disobey her orders. Emperor Taizong ascended the throne and became the Duke of Longxi County. Taiping rejuvenating the country for three years (978), and Qixi was his 42nd birthday. Song Taizong hated him for saying that "the old country can't bear to look back on the bright moon" and ordered people to poison him up and down at the banquet. Queen Wu was sealed and buried in Mangshan, Luoyang.
In the early days of his reign, the style of his poems was beautiful and soft, and he did not get rid of the habit of "flowers". After the national subjugation, during the house arrest of Lacrimosa every day, the king of national subjugation became the "Southern King" of the eternal ci circle (in the words of Qing Shenxiong's Ancient and Modern Thorns), and it was precisely that "the unfortunate poet of the country was lucky, and his words began to work when it came to vicissitudes". These late ci poems are desolate and solemn, with profound artistic conception, which laid the groundwork for Su Xin's so-called "bold and unconstrained" school and played a role in the history of ci poetry. As Wang Guowei said in Ci on Earth, "Ci came to Li Houzhu and began to have a broad vision and deep feelings." As for the beauty and harmony of his sentences, it is unprecedented. The late Lord has a collection that has been lost. There are 46 words, of which only 38 words can be confirmed by previous works or others.
Huang Tingjian (1045- 1 105), whose real name is Lu Zhi, is also known as the rich man. People from Fenning, Hongzhou. Shao Shengchu, a scholar in Zhiping for four years, was relegated because of the mistakes in the Record of the Gods written by the school book lang. Later, when the new party came to power, it was repeatedly relegated and died in Yizhou.
Huang Tingjian is one of the four sons of Su Men. His poems are as famous as those of Su Shi, and he is called "Su Huang". His poetic style is peculiar, thin and blunt, and he strongly refuses to belittle vulgar habits. Advocate a generation of ethos and be the originator of Jiangxi poetry school. Exquisite calligraphy, and Su, Mi and Cai are also called "". Ci is as famous as Qin Guan, but its artistic achievements are not as good as Qin Guan. In his later years, he had a close relationship with Su Shi, with a thin style of ci, deep feelings, bold and elegant, and sometimes brilliant. There is "Valley Ci".
Zhu (1 130~ 1200), a native of Wuyuan, Huizhou (now Jiangxi), was a poet and philosopher in the Southern Song Dynasty. The master of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty inherited the Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty and completed the system of objective idealism. It is believed that reason is the essence of the world, "reason comes first, and qi comes later", and it is proposed that "justice should be preserved and human desires should be destroyed". He is knowledgeable and has studied Confucian classics, history, literature, music and even natural science. His lyrics are beautiful in language and handsome in style, and there is no disease of heavy color or allusion. It can be seen that the language of many works is well thought out and more particular. However, the artistic conception of his ci is a little more rational than emotional, which is because he pays attention to the philosophical thought of Neo-Confucianism. His representative works include Bodhisattva Man (I), Shuidiao Getou (I), Nanxiangzi and Qin Yi E (II). Among them, Bodhisattva Man (1) is the most distinctive. The word palindrome is used, every two sentences are reversed, and eight sentences are * * * four pairs. It is very natural and harmonious, not far-fetched, quite artistic and extremely ingenious, which shows that Huian has the ability to control language. Besides words, he is also good at writing poems, among which Spring Day and Reading Thoughts are his most popular poems. His lyrics are Huian Ci.