The Yellow Crane Tower Farewell to Meng Haoran in Yangzhou was written by Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. Meng Haoran was also a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. He and Li Bai are good friends and have a profound friendship with each other. This poem expresses the poet's infinite attachment when he bid farewell to his friends, and also writes about the magnificence of the motherland. The first two lines of the poem describe the scenery, but the scenery contains poetic plots: the sail shadow has disappeared, and the poet is still staring, as if to entrust his affection to the river, accompany his boat and send his friends to his destination. The poet skillfully pinned his deep affection for his friends on the dynamic description of natural scenery, which naturally blended with the scenery and left endless aftertaste.
Wang Wei, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, wrote Two Ambassadors Anxi. Anxi refers to the capital of Anxi, near today's Kuqa in Xinjiang. My friend Yuan Er is going to the northwest frontier. The poet specially rushed from Chang 'an to Weicheng to see his friend off. His profound friendship is self-evident. This poem neither depicts the scene of the wine banquet nor directly expresses the feelings of parting. Instead, it expresses the memory, care and blessing of friends in an ingenious way by taking advantage of the farewell banquet and parting opportunity, which makes people easily think of frequent toasts and goodbyes between two friends.
The purpose of compiling these two poems is to let students feel the deep friendship between friends in reading; Second, let students accumulate poems and cultivate their love for China's poems.
The key and difficult point of teaching these two poems is to guide students to understand the meaning of the poems, imagine the scenes described in the poems and understand the author's thoughts and feelings.
2? Text analysis.
(1) An old friend stayed in the West Yellow Crane Tower, and fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March.
My good friend Meng Haoran set out from the Yellow Crane Tower and headed east for Yangzhou in the spring of March. The word "old friend" shows the profound friendship between the two poets. "Yellow Crane Tower" is a world-famous scenic spot, a legendary place where immortals ascended to heaven by crane, and a place where two poets parted. The Yellow Crane Tower is in the west, Yangzhou is in the east, and Meng Haoran has to go down the Yangtze River from west to east. When he left, he naturally faced the west, so he was called "Western Poetry". "Fireworks in March" vividly describes the gorgeous scene of smog in Yangzhou in March.
(2) The solitary sail is far away from the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky.
The meaning of this poem is: I stood by the river and watched my friend Kofunagoshi go further and further, and gradually disappeared in the place where the water meets the sky, only to see the mighty river flowing to the sky. The Lonely Sail does not mean that there is only one sailboat on the vast Yangtze River, but that the poet's attention is all focused on the sailboat on which his friend is riding. The words "do" and "only" skillfully show the lonely sails in the distance, the sight of the river rushing to the sky and the poet's longing.
(3) Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow.
"Weicheng" refers to Xianyang City in Qin Dynasty, located in the northwest of Chang 'an, on the north bank of Weishui, and changed to Weicheng in Han Dynasty. This poem points out the place, time and atmosphere of farewell. A crisp light rain on the Acropolis in the morning moistened the dust on the road, and the green willows beside the hotel were washed more green by the rain.
(4) I advise you to drink one more glass of wine and go out of Yangguan for no reason.
"Yangguan" is located in the southwest of Dunhuang, Gansu Province, and is the main road leading to the western regions in ancient times. These two lines changed from scenery writing to farewell: Friend, please drink this glass of wine again. After you leave the Buddhist paradise, you will never have any old friends with deep friendship again. The word "Geng" means that the wine has been advised many times and made many cups. Although this feeling of parting was never mentioned, it was all hidden.
Second, the teaching objectives
1? Know 5 new words and write 7 new words.
2? Read the text with emotion and recite it.
3? Feel the content of the poem, imagine the scene described in the poem, and experience the deep friendship between friends.
4? Arouse the love of China's poems and cultivate the good habit of actively accumulating poems after class.
Third, teaching suggestions
1? Before class, teachers and students * * * collect relevant information to understand the geographical location of the place names involved in the poem and the background of the poet's writing, so as to prepare for learning ancient poems. Teachers can also prepare music "Farewell" ("Beyond the Great Wall, by the Ancient Road ...") and guzheng music "The Third Floor of Yangguan".
2? When introducing new classes, students can be guided to recall the farewell poems they have learned before, such as To Wang Lun and To Fu Degu and Cao Yuan. Teachers can simply tell students that in ancient times, transportation was inconvenient, so it was easier to meet each other when leaving, so it became a custom to express deep friendship by farewell, and farewell became a common theme in poets' works. "Yellow Crane Tower Farewell to Meng Haoran Yangzhou" and "An ·Xi·'s Second Ambassador to Yuan Dynasty" are the best farewell poems that have been handed down so far.
3? Teaching can be carried out according to the methods of knowing poets, reading poems, understanding poems, entering the realm of poems and understanding poems. Understand the poet, let the students use the information collected before class to introduce it, and the teacher can make appropriate supplements. After that, let the students read the ancient poems several times in their favorite way, learn the words by themselves and draw what they don't understand. Then guide the students to try to understand the meaning of each poem with the help of after-class notes, and then communicate in groups or classes. Teachers should not explain poetry too much, but should encourage students to ask questions, discuss with their classmates and dare to express their opinions. For words that are difficult to understand in ancient poetry, such as "western words", students can be guided to look at the map and understand the location of the Yellow Crane Tower and Yangzhou.
4? Imagining the scene described in the poem and understanding the author's thoughts and feelings are the key points in learning ancient poems. On the basis of a general understanding of poetry, students are required to recite it repeatedly and think: What can they learn from poetry? How did the poet feel when he said goodbye to his old friend? So as to guide students to enter the artistic conception of poetry and feel the poet's mood. After that, students can observe the illustrations carefully, or expand their imagination to form a picture in their minds, and then draw it accurately and vividly with words or brushes.
5? These two poems are quite clever in expression, so students should be guided to ponder them carefully. For example, the vivid expression of "Fireworks March" and the expressions of "Jin" and "Wei" in "Yellow Crane Tower Farewell to Meng Haoran in Yangzhou"; Another example is the word "Geng" in "Send Yuan 20 An Xi", which has far-reaching influence and profound meaning. In teaching, students should be guided to appreciate and evaluate.
6? On the basis of fully mobilizing students' emotions, students can be guided to read ancient poems emotionally, accompanied by melodious and euphemistic music, such as Farewell and Three Chapters of Yangguan, so as to enhance the atmosphere of parting, thus deepening understanding, enriching imagination, gaining aesthetic feelings and naturally realizing emotional reading and recitation. Teachers can also guide students to read and recite other ancient poems that express the true feelings of the world. Teachers can also recommend one or two poems to students if conditions permit.
7? There are not many new words in this class, but some new words also need guidance. For example, "she" is a trill, and she reads four tones, not three; The lower right part of the Mausoleum is folded. When teaching, we can know whether students can write new words correctly and beautifully by filling in poems.
These two poems are well-known farewell poems, and both describe the feelings of seeing friends off.