North and south; It was the two great disasters of the Ming Dynasty. The south refers to the Japanese invaders who invaded the southeast coast for a long time, and the north refers to the northern Mongols who are hostile to the central government of the Ming Dynasty. Suffering from two completely different diseases, both of which greatly affected the internal affairs and diplomacy of the Ming Dynasty. From the end of Jiajing to the beginning of Wanli, the famine from south to north was lifted one after another, thanks to an outstanding strategist Qi Jiguang.
Qi Jiguang Temple is located on the southwest slope of Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City. It was the Haimen Town God Temple in the early Ming Dynasty. Qi Jiguang was stationed here during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. Later, in memory of this national hero, Qi Jiguang had to die. Now it's the Qi Jiguang Memorial Hall.
Qi Jiguang, a native of Henan, was born in a military family in Shandong Luqiao in the seventh year. Qi Jiguang's father is well versed in the art of war, martial arts and well managed. Qi Jiguang was influenced by a good family since childhood and was very loyal to the country. At that time, Japanese invaders invaded the southeast coast of China more and more. Japanese samurai, ronin, pirates, etc. With the support and encouragement of the Japanese government, they colluded with local bureaucrats, local tyrants and profiteers along the coast of China, wantonly burning, killing and looting, and maiming the people of Wan Li, China. Qi Jiguang, who has lived along the coast for a long time, is very sad about this.
In the 23rd year of Jiajing, 17-year-old Qi Jiguang inherited his father's footsteps and became the commander of Dengzhou Wei, in charge of Shandong coastal defense. From then on, he began his military career. At the beginning of his tenure, the first problem that Qi Jiguang faced was Nantah's ambition: after the storm, it was not my wish, but my hope for Hai Boping.
In the thirty-first year of Jiajing, Qi Jiguang took the Shandong Martial Arts Examination and stood out among hundreds of candidates. In the summer of the following year, Qi Jiguang was promoted to commander of Shandong Capital and began to fully participate in the anti-Japanese naval battle. In the next ten years, from Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian to Wan Li, Guangdong, wherever there were enemies, there was a mighty figure of Qi Jiguang. Qi Jun hunting flag.
Qi Jiguang was ignored by American troops, colleagues and enemies. On one occasion, an enemy army of more than 800 people fled to the coast of Cixi, Zhejiang, and defeated the Ming army several times its own strength. Qi Jiguang led the army to rescue. He jumped high, bent his bow and arrow, shot three arrows in a row, and shot down three Japanese chiefs. Thieves scattered, Ming soldiers repeatedly praised.
Yuanyang array is a kind of array created by Qi Jiguang in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. This formation consists of eleven men, the first is the captain, the second is holding a long shield, the second is holding a wolf, the fourth is holding a spear and a pike, and the second is holding a short soldier. Array method can adapt to this situation. Changing a column into a horizontal array is called a two-meter array, which can be changed into a three-talent array.
Although Qi Jiguang repelled the enemy with three arrows, he deeply felt that there were serious problems in the army, and thought that rectifying military discipline, strengthening equipment and improving combat effectiveness were the key to victory. Originally, China, the hereditary flag army, had a poor fighting capacity, and Qi Jiguang repeatedly wrote to ask for new troops. He said: At present, government troops usually do not train, March without meals, fight without unified command, and station without camping. Such an army will never be able to resist the battle-hardened enemy who is bent on death! At Qi Jiguang's insistence, he was finally allowed to recruit new soldiers. After several months of rigorous screening and hard training, he established a new army in Yiwu, mainly farmers and miners. Qi Jiguang also created the mandarin duck array tactics, unified formation, unified slogan and strict military discipline.
In the forty years of Jiajing, Qi Jiguang led an army to meet the invading enemy in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, and rescued tens of thousands of prisoners, thus playing a prestige role of Guqijun. After the Japanese invaders in Zhejiang Province were wiped out, Qi Jiguang moved to Fujian, successfully destroying the nests of Japanese invaders. Fierce enemy Zhuo Yifeng is as scared as a tiger. They are called Qi Jiguang Tiger.
In the following years, Qi Jiajun galloped across the sea and was invincible. In the forty-five years of Jiajing, the Japanese plague, which had been raging along the coast of China for two hundred years, was finally eliminated.
In the first year of Qin Long, Qi Jiguang, who had just been pacified, was ordered to go north to resist the northern foothills. He was first a lieutenant in Beijing military camp and then a company commander in the market town, responsible for military and political affairs from Shanhaiguan to the capital. During this period, Qi Jiguang did two important things: training troops and repairing the Great Wall.
When Qi Jiguang fought against the Japanese aggressors, he had already found out a set of successful training experience. However, it is not easy to carry out this experience in Gyeonggi area, where the relationship is complex and the accumulated disadvantages are particularly serious. Qi Jiguang believes that to build a brave and effective army, we must start from three aspects. First, we should train ordinary people into soldiers with discipline, command, technology and tactics. The second is to train soldiers into good generals who defend their country, protect the people, love the enemy, understand military strategy and know martial arts; The third is to improve weapons and equipment and give full play to their power and role.
In less than three years, Qi Jiguang served as the company commander in Zhen Ji, the strongest enemy in the north of the Ming Dynasty. Andahan, a Mongolian aristocrat, gave up his hostile attitude and accepted a tribute from the Ming Dynasty, saying that he would never harass the south again. Qi Jiguang knew that one of the reasons why Andrew gave up confrontation and was willing to cooperate was the strong military pressure from Zhen Ji. Therefore, without his training, he can't relax for a moment.
In the sixth year of Jian 'an, Daokun Wang, an official of the Ministry of War, inspected the market town. Qi Jiguang organized a military exercise with tens of thousands of soldiers. Infantry, chariots, artillery and other arms jointly participated. There are not only basic performance training, but also coordinated operations among various arms. Qi Jiguang himself watched the exercise and was deeply moved by its scale and momentum. He believes that some things can be changed.
The second important thing that Qi Jiguang will do in Jizhen is to build and strengthen the Great Wall. The Ming Great Wall is the longest, largest, most complete and best preserved Great Wall in the history of China, and the Zhenji Great Wall built by Qi Jiguang is the essence of the whole Great Wall. Luo, a famous scholar and scholar of the Great Wall, said: At present, Badaling, Mutianyu, Simatai and Gubeikou in Beijing, Huangyaguan in Tianjin, Shanhaiguan in Hebei and the old faucet of the Great Wall in Jiao Shan were all improved by Qi Jiguang. They represent the highest architectural level of the ancient Great Wall.
When building the Shanhaiguan Great Wall, Qi Jiguang found that the defense at the junction of the eastern end of the Great Wall and the sea was weak, so it was easy for the enemy to take the opportunity to enter. He had to find a way to plug the loophole. He discussed with Wu Weizhong all night and decided to build a stone city to extend the Great Wall to the depths of the sea. This is the old faucet that people see today.
It is extremely difficult to build a city into the sea, and the investment is also great. As soon as the news came out, some powerful businessmen wanted to get the right to build and profit from it. A businessman tried his best to find Qi Jiguang and gave him a large bribe. Qi Jiguang pondered for a long time, left the money, let the businessman go back first, and then asked Wu Weizhong, a general in the army, to discuss. After a while, Wu Weizhong walked into Qi Jiguang, only to see a soldier behind him. He also took a piece of luggage, which was also a bribe from a businessman. The two men smiled at each other: this silver is obviously poisonous! If our generals are greedy for money, it will inevitably lead to poor engineering quality and short service life in Qian Qiu, which will bring disaster to the country and people. That's terrible! Qi Jiguang and Wu Weizhong handed over the bribes to the financial management department and informed T ..
The construction of the Great Wall has greatly enhanced the defense capability of important areas in Gyeonggi. After the Qin Long Peace Conference, only the Mongolian Tuman Department posed a great threat to the northern part of the Ming Dynasty. In the second year of Wanli, Duoyan Chief Dong Hu and his nephew Chang Ang tried to harass Beijing, but Qi Jiguang beat them back. The following year, the fox Dong went south again, and Qi Jiguang captured his younger brother, Chang Bald. When Dong Hu and others saw that Qi Jiguang and China's troops were strong on Mazhuang and the Great Wall, and the American defense line was impregnable, they led 300 subordinate relatives to knock off the customs and surrender, and the problem of North-China was finally solved. There was a rare scene of peace in the northern border of the Ming Dynasty.
Qi Jiguang patrolled the town in the north 16 years, trimmed the side walls, built barriers and trained horses, infantry and chariots, which effectively protected the peace in the capital and North China.
Zhang, so is Zhang.
Qi Jiguang's great achievements are not only related to his outstanding talents, but also closely related to the rulers' understanding and responsibility for people. Twenty years in Qi Jiguang was the period when the great Zhang came to power. Zhang's promotion and appreciation provided Qi Jiguang with a vast world, but it was too private.
It is also doomed that Qi Jiguang will end in tragedy.
At that time, Qi Jiguang had just arrived in Beijing, a stranger, and was at home. At this time, when looking for superior military generals, Zhang first wrote to Qi Jiguang's boss and asked him to mediate and coordinate relations. After making an exception, Qi Jiguang was appointed as the company commander of the market town. Qi Jiguang not only has the administrative power of guarding, but also has the right to train troops in three towns.
Zhang cherishes talents, of course, out of the heart of serving the country. Qi Jiguang, though arrogant, thanks to Zhang's kindness, they kept a very close friendship. When Zhang's father died and went home to attend the funeral, Qi Jiguang sent his elite guard, equipped with the best weapons, to escort Zhang. In military affairs, the trotters were sent to report directly to Zhang.
There was nothing wrong with these measures when Zhang was in power. However, in the ten years after Zhang's death, everything changed. With the downfall of Zhang, some people falsely claimed that Qi Jiguang was Zhang's accomplice, spreading rumors and slandering. At this time, the northern border defense has been laid, and Qi Jiguang seems dispensable. Emperor Wanli then agreed to transfer Qi Jiguang to Guangdong, which was actually a demotion.
Lost a bosom friend, Qi Jiguang has no intention of caring about officialdom. During his two years in Guangdong, the useless Qi Jiguang began to concentrate on sorting out his military works and poems. Years of fatigue and depression made Qi Jiguang's health go from bad to worse. He got a bad lung disease and had to go home to recuperate. The court took this opportunity to dismiss him from his military and political posts. In the 13th year of Wanli, Qi Jiguang returned to his hometown in Shandong sadly. Two years later, he died in poverty and loneliness at the age of 59.
There are two versions of this book. A book with a volume of 14 is a documentary of Qi Jiguang. The United States conducted military training in Nanjing, Shaoxing, Taiwan Province, Jin and Yan.
Throughout his life, Qi Jiguang wrote a song called "Make it at once": driving the north and south to report the main feelings, and the river lace laughs all his life; 1360, mostly horizontal knives. As for his own record, he wrote: he traveled for 30 years, fought hundreds of times in the north and south, and was never robbed. Qi Jiguang's 30-year military career is so easy and simple, but behind the words, it is so heavy and sad!
Another ethnic minority in Qi Jiguang rises between Baishan and Heishui. Jurchen nationality developed rapidly and became the biggest threat to the Ming court. At this time, the Ming Dynasty and others thought of the invincible tiger that had not been robbed. Unfortunately, everything seems too late.