The water and sky are vast, and I hate the east wind and don’t hesitate to use the world’s best things. In the waning light of Shu birds and Wu flowers, one can hardly see the decaying walls of a deserted city. The bronze bird's love in spring, the golden man's autumn tears, who can stop this hatred? The sword spirit is dignified, and the bullfighting sky recognizes the outstanding heroes. Na Xin Jiang Hai Yusheng, traveling thousands of miles south, is a small boat sailing together. I am keeping my drunken eyes for the gull alliance, watching carefully the rising and falling of the waves and the disappearance of the clouds. The pillar swallows the victory, returns the flag and walks away, and rises to the top through the ages. With no one to sleep with, Qinhuai should be a lonely moon. ——Deng Shan, Song Dynasty, "Moon over the River, Saying Farewell in the Post" "Moon over the River, Saying Farewell in the Post" The water and sky are vast, and I hate the east wind and do not hesitate to use the world's best things. In the waning light of Shu birds and Wu flowers, one can hardly see the decaying walls of a deserted city. The bronze bird's love in spring, the golden man's autumn tears, who can stop this hatred? The sword spirit is dignified, and the bullfighting sky recognizes the outstanding heroes.
Na Xin spent the rest of his life on the river and sea, traveling thousands of miles south, like a small boat sailing together. I am keeping my drunken eyes for the gull alliance, watching carefully the rising and falling of the waves and the disappearance of the clouds. The pillar swallows the victory, returns the flag and walks away, and rises to the top through the ages. With no one to sleep with, Qinhuai should be a lonely moon. Patriotic Inspirational Translation and Notes
Translation
Facing the Yangtze River where water and sky are connected, I really hate God for refusing to help and letting the Yuan army defeat us. Spring has come, the cuckoos are singing, and the sunset is shining on the flowers, but how can I bear to see the city of Nanjing that was destroyed by the Yuan army. Thinking that our women and precious cultural relics were robbed by the enemy, and even I became a prisoner, I really don’t know who I can rely on to take revenge. How regretful I am, it’s a pity that I lost my sword, it thought I was a hero.
Recalling that not long ago, in order to fight against the Yuan army, I got rid of the enemy's tight surveillance and took a small boat, traveled by sea, and went to the south to raise the anti-Yuan flag. Although I was later defeated and captured, I was determined to fight the enemy bravely and tenaciously to the end and maintain my noble national integrity just like Lin Xiangru scolded the King of Qin and Zhuge Liang scared off Sima Yi. Thinking like this, I can no longer sleep. The surroundings are so quiet, only the lonely moon above Qinhuai is accompanying me silently. Appreciation
(Wen Tianxiang’s creation theory)
In terms of artistic expression of this poem, in order to condense complex thoughts and feelings into refined language, Wen Tianxiang borrowed more allusions and The artistic conception of previous poems.
The first three sentences recall the failure of the anti-Yuan struggle. This is borrowed from the allusion of Zhou Yu burning Cao Cao's fleet in the Battle of Chibi in the Three Kingdoms. It is said that there was a southeasterly wind that time, as if God intended to help Zhou Yu succeed. However, the Southern Song Dynasty army failed to resist the Yuan army by relying on the natural danger of the Yangtze River, and it seemed that God was unwilling to help. "Broad water and sky" refers to the wide water surface of the Yangtze River, which was originally an advantageous condition for blocking the enemy. "Don't lend" and refuse to help. "British things", heroes, here refers to the soldiers who fought against the Yuan Dynasty.
From "Sichuan birds and Wu flowers are still shining" to "Who can hate this snow", I wrote about what I saw when I passed through Jinling this time. "Shu Bird" refers to Zigui, also known as the cuckoo bird. According to legend, it was transformed into the bird after the death of Emperor Wang of the Shu Kingdom and has a shrill cry. "Wu Hua" refers to the flowers and plants in Wu. Jinling was the capital of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. "Afterglow" refers to the rays of the setting sun. "The Spring Love of the Bronze Bird" is an adaptation of two lines from a poem by Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty: "The east wind does not agree with Zhou Lang, and the spring of the Bronze Bird locks two Qiao deeply." It means that if the southeast wind had not helped Zhou Yu in the Battle of Chibi, then Cao Cao's The army had already crossed the Yangtze River and captured the two Qiao sisters (the wives of Sun Ce and Zhou Yu) and imprisoned them in the famous Tongque Tower built by Cao Cao. Du Mu's poem is just a hypothesis. However, when the Southern Song Dynasty collapsed, the concubines in the palace were indeed kidnapped by the Yuan army, so Wen Tianxiang used the term "Bronze Bird Spring Love" to refer to this historical fact. "The Autumn Tears of the Golden Man", Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once cast a thousand-jin immortal with copper in his palace in Chang'an, also called the Golden Man. After the fall of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wei Ming sent people to Chang'an to move this bronze man. It is said that the Bronze Man Unwilling to leave homeland, she shed tears. The precious cultural relics here were plundered by the Yuan army after the fall of the Song Dynasty. In short, when Wen Tianxiang passed Jinling this time, he saw the dilapidated scene after the Jinling's destruction, which filled his heart with hatred. But he thought painfully: he had been captured, it would be difficult to regain his strength, and the hatred and shame could not be washed away.
The two sentences "Dignified Sword Qi" express regret for one's own failure. The ancients said that a good sword has energy that reaches up to the sky. "Bullfighting" refers to the Big Dipper and Altair. "Recognizing Qijie in vain", recognizing me as a hero in vain. These two sentences mean that the sword he is wearing is actually a good sword, and the energy of the sword is rising towards the bullfight. Unfortunately, he has fallen into the hands of the enemy, and he has let down the good sword that regards him as a hero.
The second part of the poem recalls the arduous experience of the anti-Yuan struggle and expresses his determination not to surrender to his friends.
The following three lines of "Na Xin Jiang Hai Yu Sheng" record that in 1276 he escaped from Zhenjiang under the supervision of Yuan soldiers and fled south by sea. "Jianghai Yusheng, traveling thousands of miles south" means that he first fled to Tongzhou (today's Nantong City, Jiangsu Province), and then took a small boat (flat boat) to go to sea and continue his southward journey. "The rest of my life" means the surviving life. "Oll League" originally refers to making friends with seagulls, but here it refers to comrades in the Anti-Yuan Dynasty. "Drunken eyes" originally meant looking at something while drunk, while "liu drunk eyes" meant looking at something affectionately. "The waves rise and the clouds disappear" refers to the changing situation of the battle. These two sentences show that the reason why he traveled thousands of miles south was to find his comrades in arms and carry out the great cause of resisting the Yuan Dynasty. "The pillar swallows the win" uses two allusions in the following three sentences. "The Pillar Swallows the Winner" is based on the story of Lin Xiangru.
During the Warring States Period, the King of Qin offered to exchange fifteen cities for Zhao's beautiful jade and his clan's bi. Lin Xiangru was ordered by King Zhao to send the jade to Qin. Seeing that King Qin was not sincere in exchanging fifteen cities for the jade, he took the jade and his clan's jade. The bi was so angry that he stood leaning against the pillar and warned King Qin: If he wants to take the bi, he would rather break it on the pillar! The king of Qin did not dare to take it by force. "Looking at the pillar" means staring at the pillar sideways. "Swallowing Ying" means that Lin Xiangru was so angry that he seemed to want to swallow the King of Qin. "Returning to the Flag and Walking to Yi" is a story about Zhuge Liang from the Three Kingdoms. Zhuge Liang died in the army, and Sima Yi led his army to pursue him. The Shu army suddenly returned (returning to the flag), which scared Sima Yi back. Wen Tianxiang used these two allusions to show that he was righteous and unafraid of strong enemies, and would never let the enemy go even if he died. "Thousands of years ago, Lin Xiangru was so angry that he warned the King of Qin.
The last two sentences return to reality, which means that everything mentioned above has become a thing of the past. At present, he is detained in the post house in Jinling, with only the lonely moon on the Qinhuai River accompanying him, who cannot sleep. people. The Qinhuai River is a river flowing through Jinling. These two sentences show that although the reality is so cruel, the tenacious fighting spirit still makes the author excited.
(Deng Shan’s Creation Theory)
The pain of national subjugation is the main theme of this poem. "Things", lamenting the vast water and sky of Jinling. "Worldly Hero" refers to Wen Tianxiang. Facing the Yangtze River, people can't help but wonder: The Yangtze River is dangerous and can resist Cao's troops, why can't it resist Yuan's troops. Without heaven's help, heroes can only be pitied by others. "Dongfeng" is so unfair and hateful. These two sentences came from the sky, and their majestic momentum contained infinite sorrow. It immediately led to many exclamations. "In the lingering light of Shu birds and Wu flowers, one can hardly bear to see the decaying walls of a desolate city", describing the tragic scene of the ruined walls of Jinling City. "Shu Bird" refers to the cuckoo bird native to Sichuan. According to legend, it is the soul of Du Yu, the king of Shu who perished. Hearing the call of this bird in the setting sun makes people feel particularly sad. "Wu Hua", the flower that once grew in the palace of the State of Wu, now blooms in the setting sun. It has suffered from the country's subjugation, and it seems to have been cast a layer of sadness. The miserable sight is unbearable to see; the cry of the Shu bird is even more unbearable to hear.
"The spring love of the bronze bird, the tears of the golden man in autumn, who can express this hatred?" Du Mu once wrote the poem "The east wind does not agree with Zhou Lang, the spring of the bronze bird locks two Qiao deeply", this book It was a bold historical hypothesis that has now become a reality. Use historical stories to describe the sadness of a country changing hands. Three years ago, the Yuan army had captured the two empress dowagers, Xie and Quan. The allusion to the "Autumn Tears of the Golden Man" comes from the time when Emperor Ming of Wei Dynasty sent people to Chang'an to move the bronze figures in front of the Jianzhang Palace of the Han Dynasty to Luoyang. Legend has it that the bronze figures shed tears when they were dismantled. However, the Song Dynasty was overthrown, and many people were relocated. This hatred is difficult to eradicate. "The sword is majestic, and the bullfight will recognize Qijie in the air." The sword is a symbol of strength, and Qijie is the embodiment of courage and invincibility. But now, there are no such figures as Bao Jian and Wen Tianxiang. The regret for Wen Tianxiang's failure is beyond words.
The scene in the first film of the words blends together. The scenery of Jinling has been praised a lot by poets in the past dynasties. But this word uses it as an emotional attachment and integrates it into the emotion, which has a unique charm. Shu birds, Wu flowers, and ruined walls are a tragic image, but they express the author's complex emotions.
The second film is mainly about emotion, expressing admiration, expectations and farewell to Wen Tianxiang. "The letter of Jianghai Yusheng, traveling thousands of miles south, belongs to the same boat." Praising Wen Tianxiang's courage and courage in fighting against the Yuan people. A few years ago, Wen Tianxiang was detained by the Yuan army. He took the opportunity to escape, took a detour to the sea, and returned to the south after going through all kinds of hardships. It's just like "The gulls keep their drunken eyes and watch the waves rise and the clouds disappear".
Deng Yan jumped into the sea before and survived. This time he fell ill again and sought medical treatment in order to "stay drunk" and wait for Wen Tianxiang to make a comeback and revive the Song Dynasty. "Looking at the pillar to swallow up the winner, returning to the flag and walking away, and rushing to the crown and hair through the ages." "Yi" refers to the kind of majesty that Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, could scare Sima Yi away after his death. Use allusions to express your expectations for Wen Tianxiang. This is naturally praise and expectation. "There is no sleep in company, Qin Huai should be the lonely moon." Finally, it turns to farewell. The lonely moon means the separation of friends, and each of them will be alone. Although the author cannot go north due to illness, he will pray for his friends in sleepless nights one after another. Although this sentence is common, the love of friends and the sorrow of family and country are deeply embedded in it. Creative background
Deng Yan and Wen Tianxiang are close friends from the same hometown. In 1278, Wen Tianxiang was defeated in the war against Yuan Dynasty and was captured as a prisoner. The next year, Deng Shan was detained in one place, and he was escorted north to Yuandu together. When he arrived at Jinling, Deng Yan stayed behind due to illness, while Wen Tianxiang continued his journey north. As I parted, I had many emotions. Deng Yan wrote lyrics and presented them to Tianxiang as a tribute to his good friend. The poem combines the pain of national subjugation and the feelings of separation and friendship, and freezes a moment in history in such a lens. Deng Yan (1232-1303), also named Guangjian, Zhongfu, and Zhongzhai. A native of Luling (now Dengjia Village, Yongyang Town, Ji'an County, Jiangxi Province). A patriotic poet and lyricist in the late Southern Song Dynasty, he was the first person to write a biography for Wen Tianxiang. He, Wen Tianxiang and Liu Chenweng were classmates at Bailuzhou Academy.
Deng Yan
Deng Yan (1232-1303) had the courtesy name Guangjian, Zhongfu and Zhongzhai. A native of Luling (now Dengjia Village, Yongyang Town, Ji'an County, Jiangxi Province). A patriotic poet and lyricist in the late Southern Song Dynasty, he was the first person to write a biography for Wen Tianxiang.
He, Wen Tianxiang and Liu Chenweng were classmates at Bailuzhou Academy. ? 49 poems and essays People say that this is the sea gate, and the eyes of the sea are boundless and shocking to everyone. The heaven and the earth occasionally leave pillars, and the country has this obstacle to the wild waves. He is as strong as a warrior standing in the enemy's field, and as dangerous as a lonely minister in the last days. Tomorrow I will reach the top of the mountain, and I will have a broad mind to see the universe. ——Song Dynasty·Xie Fangde's "Xiaogushan"
Xiaogushan
Song Dynasty: Xie Fangde People say that this is the Haimen Pass, and the endless eyes of the sea amaze everyone.
Heaven and earth occasionally leave pillars, and the mountains and rivers have such obstacles.
He is as strong as a warrior standing against the enemy, and as dangerous as a lonely minister in the last days.
Tomorrow I will reach the top of the mountain, and I will have a broad mind to see the universe. To express one's ambitions and patriotism, the red sill of silver pond curves with dust waves, and the round green lotus rolls around. Orchids are recommended for bathing, calamus wine is brewed, and the weather is still mild. It's a good idea to enjoy the festival intoxicated, every part of the wine and every part of the song. The smoke of the prison grass is deep, and the people in the court are quiet, and there is no stingy banquet to swim through. ——Song Dynasty·Su Shi's "Youth Tour·Dragon Boat Festival Presents Huang Shou Xu Junyou"
Youth Tour·Dragon Boat Festival Presents Huang Shou Xu Junyou
Song Dynasty: Su Shi's Silver Pond Zhusill Curved Dust Waves, Round Green Roll new lotus. Orchids are recommended for bathing, calamus wine is brewed, and the weather is still mild.
It’s a good idea to celebrate the festival intoxicated, every part of the wine and every part of the song. The smoke of the prison grass is deep, and the people in the court are quiet, and there is no stingy banquet to swim through. Dragon Boat Festival, scene description, lyrical, patriotic, garrison in the clouds thousands of miles away, standing on horseback at the sword gate. The chaotic mountains are as far as the eye can see, and Chang'an is directly to the north. People have been suffering for hundreds of years, and ghosts have been crying for three years. God's will will return it in a long time. The handwritten notes are left to memorize, and the elixir of the heart is bright and clear. Looking at the green lantern, scratching the white hair, the sound leaks out. When you are old, you have not accomplished your meritorious deeds, but you still have a lot of leisure. Meiling is green with green seeds, Pujian is clear with clear springs and white rocks. It is my fault that our old alliance is cold. On Christmas Eve, I return to my dream home mountain. ——Cui Yu, Song Dynasty, "Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Ti Jian Pavilion"
Shui Diao Ge Tou·Ti Jian Pavilion Thousands of miles of cloud garrison, horse sword gate pass. The chaotic mountains are as far as the eye can see, and Chang'an is directly to the north. People have been suffering for hundreds of years, and ghosts have been crying for three years. God's will will return it in a long time. The handwritten notes are left to memorize, and the elixir of the heart is bright and clear.
Looking at the green lantern, scratching the white hair, the sound leaks out. When you are old, you have not accomplished your meritorious deeds, but you still have a lot of leisure. Meiling is green with green seeds, and Pujian is clear with clear springs and white rocks. It is my fault that our old alliance is cold. On Christmas Eve, I return to my dream home mountain.
Bold and unrestrained, patriotic