Poets' lyricism is often not a direct expression of feelings, nor is it a direct indoctrination of thoughts. Instead, what they say is what they mean. When writing scenery, they express their feelings by borrowing scenery, and when chanting things, they express their aspirations. The "scenery" and "things" written here are objective "images"; The "emotion" expressed by borrowing scenery and the "ambition" expressed by chanting things are subjective "intentions"; The perfect combination of "image" and "meaning" is "image" It is not only a portrayal of real life, but also the crystallization of the poet's aesthetic creation and the carrier of his emotional thoughts. Therefore, only on the basis of grasping the image can we understand the content of the poem, the theme of the poem, the artistic conception of the poem and the poet's emotion. Therefore, the taste of ancient poetry needs to start with the appreciation of images.
According to the college entrance examination in recent years, the examination of ancient poetry images mainly includes three situations:
1. Search related images according to certain criteria
For example, read the following Song poems and then answer this question. (6 points)
Xiting
Lin Jingxi
I have more thoughts in clear autumn, and I am still in Xiting at dusk.
the tall trees are white at the beginning of the month, and the breeze is half awake.
Walking alone through fallen leaves, sitting around counting fireflies.
where does the fishing song begin? Lonely lights are far apart.
(1) What images reflecting the changes of time did the poet use to express his feelings? (2 points)
It is the key to answer this kind of questions, see clearly the retrieval criteria and screen appropriately (neither missing nor looking for more).
Take the above title as an example. The images written in Xiting include sunset, Xiting, tall trees, white at the beginning of the month, breeze, fallen leaves, fireflies, fishing songs and solitary lamps. The title requires "images reflecting time changes", and according to this standard, only "sunset" and "white at the beginning of the month" can meet the requirements; Then, the poet's "emotion" is clarified, and the answer is "using the two images of" sunset "and" white at the beginning of the month "to show the change of time from evening to the beginning of the moon, and to show the author's lonely feelings".
Second, appreciate the beauty of images
For example, read the following Song Ci and complete questions 14-16. (8 points)
Ruan Langgui Early summer
Su Shi
The green locust is high and the willow swallows the new cicada, and the fragrance is just beginning to enter the string. The blue screen window sinks into the water and the smoke sinks, and the sound of chess scares me to sleep during the day. After a slight rain, Xiao He turned over. Liuhua is in full bloom. Jade basin hands to find out the spring, Qiongzhu broken but round.
16. Write an appreciation text from the perspective of situational relationship in connection with the underlined sentences in the work. (4 points)
When appreciating images, we should use "image" to taste "meaning", that is, through the shape, sound, color and other characteristics of specific objects described by poets, taste contains thoughts, feelings and artistic interests. There are three specific ways: to taste "meaning" with "shape" ("shape" is the modal feature of objects, which is often expressed as a modifier before images); Taste "meaning" with "color" ("color" refers to the color characteristics of objects, including cold tones and warm tones); Taste "meaning" with "sound" ("sound" means the phonological characteristics of objects, including musical sounds and sad sounds).
As far as the above questions are concerned, the last sentence of Ruan Langgui's Eight Sentences and Eight Scenes is the most difficult: it is difficult to compare the image of "water drops" with pearls and jade, and the understanding of "broken but round" is another difficulty (the last two sentences can be translated as "the heroine plays with a beautiful porcelain basin by the pool, and the water splashes on the lotus leaf, which is as round and bright as pearls". The scene is so, and the emotion needs to be related to the next film. From the actions and scenery such as "the rain has passed", "the flowers are burning" and "the spring is clear", the heroine's relaxed and happy feelings can be felt. Therefore, the key points of the answer are: detailed description of the splash (on the lotus leaf), round and crystal water droplets (2 points), truly showing the hero's light and happy mood (2 points).
Third, taste the implication beauty of the image
For example, read the following song poem and complete 8-9 questions.
Zhai is the thing
Liu Yi stops at ①
He loves the piano for its straight strings, and he loves chess because of the game ②.
if you don't compare the gains and losses, how can you remember the palace merchants?
the more I get older, the more clumsy I am.
although these two things follow, there is no rise and fall.
Note ① Liu Yi stopped: Song Huizong was a scholar in the third year of Xuanhe (1121). He used to be the supervisor of the imperial censor, and it is recorded that he was dismissed from office for "caring for Qin Gui". 2 innings: refers to the chessboard.
9. Why did the author write about Qin and Qi? What kind of feelings does he want to express by playing chess? (6 points)
The image itself has certain cultural connotations (for example, mountains and seas are related to lofty aspirations, pine and bamboo and Merando symbolize noble sentiments and pursuits, while cold wind and rain are generally related to loneliness and melancholy, willow pavilions express parting feelings, while breeze and bright moon express leisure). Classical poetry often chooses typical images with symbolic significance to create touching artistic charm.
In "Little Zhai is Things", "love chess" is the way to love chess, so I didn't think of using chess to compete for victory or defeat. "It can be remembered that Gong Shang inherited the sentence of" pity piano "."pity piano "loves the straightness of strings, so how can it be used to remember the five tones of Gong Shang's horn? The second couplet highlights the meaning of the first couplet, which is "for the sake of straightness" and "because of the situation". Therefore, the author writes two things, Qin and Qi, to express his will. He wrote his "ambition" with the "quality" of piano and chess: straight-upright, square-angular. It is precisely because our own straight products remain unchanged that in the end, "the world is getting more and more sparse" and "everything is in the way", leaving only the den alone, which has nothing to do with the rise and fall of the country. All these express the author's feelings about personal experiences and his feelings of sarcasm about the world.
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