Introduction to Ouyang Xiu (1007-1072)
A politician, writer, essayist, and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the eight masters of ancient prose in the Tang and Song Dynasties. His courtesy name was Yongshu, his nickname was Zuiweng, and his later nickname was Liuyi Jushi (a guest asked: "What does Liuyi mean?") The Jushi said: "My family has a collection of ten thousand volumes of books, including a thousand volumes of inscriptions and stone manuscripts from three dynasties. There is a qin, a game of chess, and a pot of wine." The guest said, "It's May Day. What can I do?" The layman said, "I am a man who lives among these five things. Isn't that right?" "June 1st?") His posthumous title is "Wenzhong". He is the author of "Ouyang Wenzhong Gongji". He was born in Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Jiangxi). Ouyang Xiu calls himself a Luling native because Jizhou originally belonged to Luling County.
Ouyang Xiu's life
Ouyang Xiu's father died when he was four years old and his family was poor. His mother painted the ground with grass and taught him to write. In the eighth year of Renzong's reign (1030), Ouyang Xiu became a Jinshi. The following year, he was appointed as a stay-at-home promotion officer in Xijing (now Luoyang). He became close friends with Mei Yaochen and Yin Zhu, and exchanged poems with each other. In the first year of Jingyou's reign (1034), he held an examination at the Bachelor's College and was appointed Xuande Lang, who served as a colographer. In the third year of Jingyou's reign, Fan Zhongyan criticized the current affairs and was demoted to Raozhou. Ouyang Xiu defended him and was demoted to the county magistrate of Yiling (now Yichang, Hubei).
In the first year of Kangding (1040), Ouyang Xiu was recalled to Beijing and resumed his post as collation of the pavilions and pavilions, and later became known as the Admonition Academy. In the third year of Qingli (1043), Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Fu Bi and others implemented the "Qingli New Deal". Ouyang Xiu participated in the innovation and proposed reform of official administration, military, and tribute laws. In the fifth year of Qingli, Fan, Han, Fu, etc. were demoted one after another, and Ouyang Xiu was also demoted to the prefect of Chuzhou (now Chuxian County, Anhui Province). Later, Yangzhou, Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui), and Yingtianfu (now Shangqiu, Henan) were also known. In August of the first year of Zhihe (1054), he was ordered to go to Beijing and study "New Book of Tang" with Song Qi.
In February of the second year of Jiayou (1057), Ouyang Xiu presided over the Jinshi examination as a Hanlin bachelor, advocated a plain writing style, and admitted Su Shi, Su Che, Zeng Gong and others. This had a great influence on the change of literary style in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In the fifth year of Jiayou's reign (1060), Ouyang Xiu paid homage to the deputy privy envoy. The following year, he was appointed as the governor of political affairs. Later, he successively held the posts of Minister of the Ministry of Punishment and Minister of Justice. In the second year of Emperor Yingzong's reign (1065), he applied for a foreign appointment, but was not allowed. In the next two or three years, due to false accusations by Jiang Zhiqi and others, he resigned many times, but was not allowed to do so. In the second year of Shenzong's Xining reign (1069), Wang Anshi implemented the new law. Ouyang Xiu expressed his objection to the Green Crops Law, but it was not implemented. In the third year of Xining (1070), in addition to inspecting the school, Taibao, Xuanhui Nanyuan envoy and other positions, he insisted on not being accepted. The name was changed to Caizhou (now Runan County, Henan Province). This year, he changed his name to "Jiuyi layman". In June of the fourth year of Xining (1071), he resigned as the prince's young master. Lives in Yingzhou. On the 23rd of the intercalary month in the fifth year of Xining (1072), Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu left behind 10,000 volumes of books, 1,000 volumes of ancient records, a qin, and a musical instrument at his home in Yingzhou (now part of Anhui Province). A game of chess and a bottle of wine passed away suddenly. When Su Shi evaluated his writings, he said: "In terms of discussion, it's like Han Yu, in discussing things, it's like Lu Zhi, in recording things, it's like Sima Qian, and in poetry, it's like Li Bai." Ouyang Xiu died and was given the posthumous title Wenzhong.
Literary creation Ouyang Xiu was the leader of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty. His literary achievements are the highest and most influential in prose, and he is one of the eight great writers of Tang and Song Dynasties. He inherited the spirit of Han Yu's ancient prose movement, and in the theory of prose, he proposed: "Those who are victorious in the Tao, their writing is not difficult to come by themselves" ("Reply to the Scholars of Wu Chong"), "The pure Tao is full of truth, and the truth is full." Then it will shine as a writer" ("The Book of Reply to Zu Ze"). What he preaches is not mainly about ethics, but about caring about everything. He believed that the reason why he could not achieve success in learning Taoism was because "abandoning everything is not about the heart" ("Reply to Wu Chong's Letter to Scholars"). He opposed "exalting words without telling the facts" ("Second Letter with Zhang Xiucai"), and advocated "telling things in words and describing them in words" ("Preface to the Collection of Dai Ren Shang Wang Privy Qiuxian"). He adopted Han Yu's spirit of "writing according to order" and vigorously advocated a simple, methodical, smooth and natural writing style, and opposed the embellished, eccentric and obscure style. Not only was he able to put forward plain prose theories based on reality, but he also set an example with his highly accomplished creative achievements.
Ouyang Xiu's articles
Ouyang Xiu wrote more than 500 essays in his life, covering various genres, including political essays, historical essays, narrative essays, lyrical essays and notebooks, etc. Most of his prose is rich in content and vigorous, with an artistic style that is easy, natural, smooth and tactful. The narration is both euphemistic and concise; the discussion is slow but full of inherent logical power. The legal structure is both twists and turns and very strict. "On Clique", "New History of the Five Dynasties: Preface to the Biography of Lingguan", "Remonstrance to Gao Si", "Drunkard Pavilion", "Fengle Pavilion", "Longgang Qianbiao", etc., are all recited through the ages. excellent work.
Ouyang Xiu also pioneered the creation of notebooks in the Song Dynasty. His notebooks include "Guitian Lu", "Bi Shuo", "Testing Bi", etc. The articles are eclectic, lively, interesting, and often able to describe details and characters. Among them, "Guitian Lu" records the imperial legacy, official system, social customs and interesting anecdotes of scholar-bureaucrats, and introduces his own writing experience, which is very valuable.
Ouyang Xiu’s Fu is also very distinctive. The famous "Ode to the Sound of Autumn" uses various metaphors to describe the invisible sound of autumn so vividly that it makes people feel like they can hear it. This Fu changed the "regular style" since the Tang Dynasty to "San style", which is of pioneering significance for the development of Fu.
Ouyang Xiu's poetry creation is not as successful as prose, but it is also very distinctive.
Some of his poems reflect the suffering of the people and expose the darkness of society, such as "People Eat Waste" and "A Long Sentence to Yang Zijing's Prayer for Rain". He also discussed current affairs and criticized corrupt politics in his poems, such as "A Letter from Scholar Zihua to Appease Jiangnan". Others, such as "The Song of the Ming Concubine and Composed by Wang Jiefu" and "The Song of the Ming Concubine Again", express the poet's sympathy for the fate of women and his condemnation of the fatuous rulers who have ruined the country. But what he wrote more and more successfully were poems that expressed personal feelings and landscapes.
His poetry was mainly influenced by Han Yu in art. Works such as "Lingxi Big Stone", "Shizhuan", "Purple Stone Screen Song" and other works imitate Han Yu's unique poetic style of imagination. But most of the works mainly learn from Han Yu's "writing as poetry", that is, the characteristics of argumentation and prose culture. Although he used natural and smooth poetic language to avoid the dangers and difficulties of Han Yu, there are still some poems with too much reasoning and lack of vivid images.
Some of Ouyang Xiu's poems are written in a melancholy and vivid way, integrating narrative, discussion and lyricism, and their style is close to that of Du Fu, such as "Rereading the Collection of Cu Lai" and "Send Off Du Qi Gong to Become Official"; Another part of the works is majestic and changeable, bold and bold, but close to Li Bai, such as "Liu Zhongyun returned to Nankang in the same year as the gift from Mount Lu". More lyrical works depicting scenes are either fresh and beautiful, or plain and interesting, such as "Thousands of trees are green, the Three Gorges are dark, the moon is full of rivers, and a monkey is sad" in "Night Mooring in the Yellow River", and "A Song of Thanks to Fa Cao at the West Lake in Spring" "The snow disappears outside the door and the mountains are green, and the flowers bloom by the river and it is sunny in February" and so on. Overall, his poetry styles are diverse.
Ouyang Xiu is also good at discussing poetry. In the "Preface to the Collection of Poems by Mei Shengyu", he put forward the argument that "poor people should work first" in poetry, developed the poetry theories of Du Fu and Bai Juyi, and had a great influence on the poetry creation at that time and in later generations. His "June 1 Poetry Talk" is the first poetry talk in the history of Chinese literature. It comments on poetry in a casual and friendly way, becoming a new form of poetry discussion.
Ouyang Xiu is also good at writing lyrics. The main contents of his poems are still love and lovesickness, drunken songs, cherishing spring, flower appreciation, etc. He is good at describing scenery with fresh and light brushwork. Thirteen poems "Picking Mulberries" depict the natural beauty of Yingzhou West Lake, and they are written in a quiet and calm way. Clear and full of emotion, like elegant landscape paintings. Other poems include "Where the apricot blossoms are red, the green hills are missing, and pedestrians rest on the mountainside." "Spring in the Jade House", "Visitors on the embankment chase painted boats, and take pictures of the spring water hanging from the embankment. The green poplar tower goes out to swing" ([Huanxi Sha]), etc., They are also good sentences for describing scenes. The poems that focus on lyricism are written in a melodious and lingering way, with deep feelings and close words. For example, the last two sentences of the upper and lower lines in "Tasha Xing" "The sorrow of separation gradually becomes infinite, and the distance is like spring water." "Beyond the Spring Mountains" expresses the feelings very deeply through the spring water and spring mountains. He also has some words that, although dejected and grumbling, speak directly from his heart and show his magnanimous and optimistic side. There are also some erotic poems, although they are about men and women dating, they are also simple and vivid; of course, there are also shallow and vulgar works among them.
Ouyang Xiu's achievements in Confucian classics, history, epigraphy and other fields
Ouyang Xiu has made achievements in Confucian classics, history, epigraphy and other fields. In terms of Confucian classics, he studied "Poetry", "Yi" and "Spring and Autumn", and was able to put forward his own original ideas without adhering to the teachings of his predecessors. His historical attainments are deeper than those of Confucian classics. In addition to participating in the compilation of 250 volumes of "New Book of Tang", he also wrote "New History of the Five Dynasties", which summarizes the historical experience of the Five Dynasties and intends to draw lessons from it. He diligently collected and sorted out epigraphic artifacts, inscriptions and inscriptions from the Zhou Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and compiled them into a special collection of archaeological materials - "Collection of Ancient Records".
Ouyang Xiu has an important position in the history of Chinese literature
Ouyang Xiu has an important position in the history of Chinese literature. He vigorously advocated the poetry innovation movement, reformed the formalist style of writing and poetry from the late Tang Dynasty to the early Song Dynasty, and achieved remarkable results. Due to his political status and great achievements in prose creation, his status in the Song Dynasty was similar to that of Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty. He recommended and guided essayists such as Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong, Su Xun, Su Shi, and Su Che, and had a great influence on their prose creation. Among them, Su Shi most outstandingly inherited and developed the literary style of his generation. Many literati and scholars after the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty praised his prose style. His writing style has continued to influence the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
In the eighth year of Qingli in the Song Dynasty (1048), the Yellow River reached Shanghuxun in Chanzhou (now northeast of Puyang, Henan). The river changed its course to the north, passing through Damingfu, Enzhou, Jizhou, Shenzhou, and Yingzhou. , Yongjing Army and other places, until Qianning Army joined forces with the Yuhe River and entered the sea. At that time, due to the famine and the poor people, the mouth was not blocked immediately. In the third year of Huangyou's reign (1051), the north flow broke through at Guotao Guogu mouth. After four years of blockage, the flow was still sluggish, which aroused debate between the north flow and the restoration of the old eastward flow. In the second year of Zhihe (1055), Ouyang Xiu strongly opposed returning to the east of the river and stated in two sentences the reasons why he could not return to the river. In the first chapter, he analyzed the serious situation at that time that "the world was suffering from drought, especially in Jingdong, followed by Hebei." "Hebei started to use troops in Enzhou, followed by bad years, and people fled into exile, and nine out of ten people lost their lives." It is believed that when "the state is short of resources and the people's power is exhausted", using "a crowd of 300,000 people to open a river of more than a thousand miles" is not only not allowed by manpower and material resources, but will also cause "the trouble of exiled bandits". Endangering the fundamental interests of the Song Dynasty. In the second book, based on his own observation and experience, he first analyzed the sedimentation and overflow laws of the Yellow River and elaborated on the reasons why it is not appropriate to return to the river. He said: "The mud and sand in rivers are all silted up.
The siltation often flows downstream first, and then the siltation becomes higher in the lower stream. The water gradually becomes blocked and reaches the lower part of the upper stream. This situation is common. "He then analyzed the specific conditions of the Jingdong and Henglong rivers, and pointed out: "In Tianxi, the river left Jingdong, and the water traveled along what is now called the old path. The water was so stagnant that it broke through the Tiantai Pier and found a blockage to regain its old path. Not long after, it broke out at the Iron Dog Temple in the south of Huazhou, which is now called Longmen Pier. In the following years, it was blocked again and returned to its old path. We have already defeated Wang Chuxi again, but the difference was small and it was separated from the old road. However, the water in the old road eventually became blocked, so we defeated Henglong again. This means that it is not impossible to block the river, and it is not impossible to restore the old road. Soon after it is restored, it will eventually be blocked by the upper stream. This is because the old road is silted up and the water cannot move. After the Henglong River was resolved, the water flow began to flow down, so for more than ten years, the river was not in trouble. In the third or fourth year of Qingli, the water in Henglong began to silt up from Haikou for more than 140 miles. Later, the You, Jin and Chi rivers silted up one after another. The lower stream is blocked, but it depends on the upper stream, Shang Hukou. However, the old paths of the Jingdong and Henglong rivers are all silted up and abandoned on high ground. The old path of Jingdong has been repeatedly resolved, and it is irreversible. It is easy to understand without saying it. "At the same time, Ouyang Xiu also believed that the Liuta River proposed by Li Zhongchang, the director of rivers and canals, and others was only fifty paces wide. "It is ridiculous to try to accommodate the water of a big river with fifty paces," and asserted that the Liuta River "is in The big river has the reputation of reducing water flow, but it does not actually reduce the risk. Nowadays, there are many troubles caused by the dispersion of the lower rivers. If they are all returned to the big river to feed them, the states north of the Bin, Di, De, and Bo rivers will not be able to overcome their troubles. Moreover, the old roads are silted up, and there will be dangers of other breakthroughs in the upper reaches. This It is directly harmful but not helpful, which is what a wise man should not do."
Ouyang Xiu's memorial was not adopted, and the court ordered the sealing of the Liuta River to be stepped up. In the fourth year of the first year of Jiayou (1056) In that month, Shang Hu defeated the enemy and tried again, but failed to return to the river.
The indissoluble bond between Ouyang Xiu and Chuzhou
Ouyang Xiu learned about Chuzhou on October 22nd of the fifth year of Qingli. After taking office, the imperial court ordered him to move to Yangzhou in the first month of the eighth year of Qingli Dynasty, and he left Chuzhou in February. Although he stayed in Chuzhou for about two years and four months, it left a profound impact on him. He left many construction relics to Chuzhou, some immortal poems and essays, and a deep relationship with Chuzhou people. The construction relics and poems he left behind have become a rare and precious heritage of Chuzhou; he left behind The deep relationship with Chuzhou people has become an indelible memory of Chuzhou people.
Inheriting the development of Chuzhou from the predecessors
Nowadays, when people talk about Chuzhou, they will naturally think of Langya Mountain and Zui. Weng Pavilion reminds me of Ouyang Xiu. Langya Mountain is famous for its natural scenery and cultural landscape. The most famous scenic spot of Langya Mountain is Zui Weng Pavilion, which is known as the first of the "Four Famous Pavilions" in the country and is famous at home and abroad. Fengle Pavilion, facing each other across the mountain, is also a scenic spot that many people who visit the ancient times yearn for. Together with Zuiweng Pavilion, they are called "sister pavilions". The springs are collectively called "sister springs". These are all leftover from the development and construction of Ouyang Xiuzhichu, plus the "Fengle Pavilion" and "Drunkard Pavilion" written by him. Only then did Chuzhou Langya Mountain become famous.
The name of Langya Mountain should be traced back to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Before the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Langya Mountain was originally unknown. Its main peak was called Motuoling by the locals, and the others were small hills. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, Sima Rui, the king of Langya, stayed here to avoid chaos. Later, Sima Rui became the Yuan Emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Due to his residence in this mountain, the name Langya Mountain came into being. However, Sima Rui himself, and even the entire mountain. The Eastern Jin Dynasty did not bring much change to Langya Mountain. It remained a silent mountain until the sixth year of Dali in the Tang Dynasty (AD 771), when Li Youqing, the governor of Chuzhou, built Baoying Temple (today's Langya Temple) in Lshansi. ), Langya Mountain broke the historical silence and began to move towards prosperity and development; it was also at this time that the name Langya Mountain was called, and it has been more than 300 years since Sima Rui stayed in the mountain.
The construction of Baoying Temple changed the quiet situation of Langya Mountain for many years, but it was only the beginning, and it was limited to Langya Temple. The impact was still not great. Langya Mountain really rose to prominence after it experienced another experience. More than 200 years later, the famous scribe Ouyang Xiu of the Northern Song Dynasty began to learn about Chu.
"Kuan Jian" made great achievements in learning about Chu.
In the summer of the second year of Ouyang Xiu's knowledge of Chu, an accidental opportunity happened. He discovered a spring in the valley at the foot of Fengshan Mountain. After on-the-spot inspection, he "looked up and down and enjoyed it, so he cut out rocks from the spring and opened up the land for a pavilion" and began to build a beautiful resort here. He quickly repaired the spring and built a pavilion. The spring was named "Yougu Spring" and the pavilion "Fengle Pavilion". He wrote an article and recorded it himself. In the same year, the Drunkard Pavilion, which is separated by a mountain from Fengle Pavilion, was also built. He named it "Drunkard Pavilion" and wrote about it in "The Drunkard Pavilion". The completion of the two pavilions and the publication of "Two Notes" quickly caused a sensation across the country. In particular, the article "The Drunkard's Pavilion", with its vivid words and exquisite language, shows Chuzhou a beautiful picture of nature; and because of the profound meaning in the article and the joyful feelings it expresses, , which shocked the entire academic world. As soon as the article came out, it spread far and wide, and Langya Mountain in Chuzhou became lively from then on. Since then, the scenic spots such as Langya Mountain, Fengle Pavilion and Zuiweng Pavilion have been expanded one after another, and their contents have gradually become richer. Although they have experienced vicissitudes of history, they have been repeatedly abandoned and rebuilt, and have not declined over time, finally reaching the scale of today. Pursuing the origin and seeking the source are all the foundations laid by Ouyang Xiu. Ouyang Xiu was the most powerful founder of the development of Chuzhou Langya Mountain after Li Youqing in the Tang Dynasty. It can be said that without Ouyang Xiu, Chuzhou Langya Mountain would not be what it is today.
When Ouyang Xiu was in Chuzhou, in addition to developing Yougu Spring and building Fengle Pavilion and Zuiweng Pavilion, he also carried out other constructions, such as the construction of Xingxin Pavilion in Fengle Pavilion Scenic Area. Zeng Gong was specially invited to He wrote "The Story of Xingxin Pavilion"; built a military training ground near Fengle Pavilion for training militiamen to defend the place; and repaired the severely damaged Chucheng City to make the city of Chuzhou more solid and spectacular. Some people read Ouyang Xiu's "The Drunkard's Pavilion", and from his performance of leisurely traveling around the mountains and rivers, drinking and having fun, they thought that because he was demoted to Chu, he was in a depressed state and did not care about political affairs. This is obviously incorrect. When Ouyang Xiu was in Chuzhou, he implemented a "lenient and simplified" policy regarding political affairs. The so-called tolerance and simplicity, as the name suggests, means tolerance and simplification, doing things in accordance with human relations and principles, not seeking to win reputation, just getting things done. This was his style of politics throughout his life. Later, he had the authority to know Kaifeng Mansion. His predecessor was the famous "Iron-faced Old Bao", namely Bao Zheng, who was very dignified. However, he was tolerant and simple, often doing things quietly, and he also managed Kaifeng Mansion in an orderly manner. During the Qing Dynasty, someone once compared him with Bao Zheng. He built an archway on the east and west sides of Kaifeng Mansion Office, with "Bao Yan" written on one side and "Ou Kuan" written on the other.
Literary masterpieces are famous all over the world
When Ouyang Xiu learned about Chu, he had already made great achievements in literature and was a famous writer and poet in the literary world at that time. Although he became an official and experienced many ups and downs in his official career, he never forgot literature, and writing poems and compositions was still an important part of his life. During his time in Chuzhou, he wrote many works with vivid text and blended scenes. Among them, in addition to the famous "Fengle Pavilion", "Drunkard Pavilion", "Lingxi Stone", there are a large number of works that directly write about Chuzhou. poems and short essays. Incomplete statistics include more than 30 poems that only describe the natural scenery and scenic spots of Langya Mountain, such as "Snow in Yongyang", "Inscribed on Chuzhou Drunkard Pavilion", "Six Inscribed on Langya Mountain", etc.
The writing story of Ouyang Xiu
Ouyang Xiu, courtesy name Yongshu, was a native of Luling, Jiangxi Province in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ouyang Xiu grew up alone in a poor family. He studied hard under the strict education of his parents Zheng, and eventually became a literary giant. In terms of writing, he left many interesting stories. Reading it, I learned a lot.
First, humbly ask for advice
In the fifth year of Qingli in Song Dynasty (1045 AD), Ouyang Xiu was demoted to Chuzhou and served as the prefect. After that, he often traveled around the mountains and rivers, and became good friends with the monk Zhixian from the nearby Langya Temple. To facilitate his visit, monk Zhixian led people to build a pavilion on the mountainside. On the day the pavilion was built, Ouyang Xiu went to congratulate it, named it "The Drunkard's Pavilion", and wrote the famous prose "The Drunkard's Pavilion" that has been passed down through the ages. After the article was written, Ouyang Xiu posted it on the city gate to solicit revision opinions. At first everyone just praised it. Later, a woodcutter said that the beginning was too wordy and asked Ouyang Xiu to go to the south gate of Langya Mountain to see the mountain. As soon as Ouyang saw it, he suddenly realized, so he started to write: "Chuzhou is surrounded by mountains on all sides. There is Wulong Mountain in the east, Dafeng Mountain in the west, Huashan Mountain in the south, and Baimi Mountain in the north. The mountains in the southwest are especially beautiful with forest ravines." A string of text is replaced with the five words "Chuchu is surrounded by mountains". Such a change makes the text more concise and the meaning doubled.
Second, keep the writing simple
When Ouyang Xiu was serving in the Hanlin Academy, he once went out with three subordinates from the same academy and saw a galloping horse trampling to death a dog on the roadside. . Ouyang Xiu suggested: "Please describe this matter each of you." One person took the lead and said: "There was a yellow dog lying on the road. The horse was frightened, ran away, and died of its hoofs." Another person continued: "There was a yellow dog lying on the road. Lying on the thoroughfare, the horse's hooves escaped and he was killed." Finally, the third person said: "There was a dog lying on the thoroughfare, and the lying dog was killed by it." After hearing this, Ouyang Xiu laughed and said, "You can write ten thousand volumes of history like this. "It's not over." The three people quickly asked: "What do you say?" Ouyang Xiu said: "'A horse kills a dog in the road', six words are enough!" The three people blushed and laughed at each other. My own redundancy was deeply impressed by the simplicity of Ouyang Xiuwei's writing.
Third, rigorous writing style
According to "Song Bai Lei Chao" records: Ouyang Xiu once wrote an article "Xiangzhou Jintang Ji" for someone else, which included the following two sentences: "When officials reach the rank of general, wealth and honor return to their hometown." After submitting the manuscript, he thought about it again and felt it was inappropriate, so he sent someone on a fast horse to recover the manuscript, revise it and then send it back. The visitor took the revised manuscript and read it hastily. He was very surprised: Isn't this exactly the same as the original manuscript? After reading it carefully, I discovered that the whole text only changed "When officials come to generals and prime ministers, wealth and honor return to their hometown" to "When officials come to generals and prime ministers, wealth and honor return to their hometowns", Kuai Ma recovered only the two characters "er". But after he chanted it repeatedly, he discovered the beauty of it. It turns out that two words "er" were added to the revised sentence. Although the meaning has not changed, the tone of reading has changed from rapid to soothing, and the syllables are harmonious, adding to the musical beauty of the language.
Ouyang Xiu’s poems and essays about Chuzhou gave an extremely vivid and realistic description of the beauty of Chuzhou’s landscape. For example, the description of Langya Mountain in "The Drunkard's Pavilion" is summarized as "the forest valley is particularly beautiful" and "the deep and beautiful". At the same time, the scenery of Langya Mountain in the morning, evening and four seasons is written in concise strokes: "The sunrise and the forest The sky is falling, the clouds are returning and the caves are dark, and the changes in darkness and brightness are like the morning and evening in the mountains. The wild fields are fragrant and fragrant, the beautiful trees are beautiful and dark, the wind and frost are high, the water is clear and the rocks are emerging, which are the four seasons in the mountains. He wrote in "Fengle Pavilion": "The wind, frost, ice and snow carve out delicate scenery, and the scenery of the four seasons is all lovely." Many of his poems describe the scenery and express feelings, and the language is exquisite, which is also lingering after reading. For example, he wrote in "Inscribed on the Drunkard Pavilion in Chuzhou": "The water from Danai Pavilion comes from among the chaotic peaks. The sound is like falling from the sky, flowing to the two eaves. People are flowing down the rocks and flowing down the stream, and the quiet springs help it trickle.
The sound is not confusing to human speech, and its clarity is not like orchestral music. "It's so beautiful! Therefore, later generations built Tingquan Pavilion not far from Zuiweng Pavilion, so that people can continue to experience this beautiful poetry. Another example is his "Six Questions on Langya Mountain", which describes Guiyun Cave and Langya Creek in Langya Mountain There are vivid descriptions of various scenic spots such as Shuzi Spring and Shuzi Spring. Although each poem only has four sentences, it is written with Dian Qing's pen and every word carefully.
Ouyang Xiu’s poems and essays describing Chuzhou and Langya Mountain attracted many literati and dignitaries to come to Chuzhou for a visit due to the quality of his poems and essays as well as his personal character and status. Some came directly to Ouyang Xiu; after Ouyang Xiu left Chuzhou, they came here with Ou Gong's poems and relics. They left not only footprints but also ink marks, accumulating poems describing Langya Mountain and Chuzhou. The number of articles has been countless. In 1988, "Langya Mountain Chronicles" selected more than 150 poems by Ouyang Xiu and subsequent generations (including some contemporary poems), which are still only part of the total Langya Mountain poems and articles. "In terms of modern vocabulary, Ouyang Xiu left precious wealth to Chuzhou in every aspect.
We have formed an inseparable relationship in Chuzhou for two years.
Ouyang Xiu was in Chuzhou In more than two years, he not only left a rare and valuable asset to Chuzhou, but also established a deep relationship with the people of Chuzhou. This ancient place of Chuzhou has formed a lifelong bond with him.
After Ouyang Xiu left Chuzhou, he never came to Chuzhou again, but he always missed Chuzhou in his heart.
"Reply to Wang Zhongyi, Taiwei Su": written in the third year of Xining (AD). 1070). He was 64 years old and had left Chuzhou for 22 years, but he still remembered his life in Chuzhou. The poem begins with: "There is a drunkard in front of Fengle Mountain, who has hundreds of worries in his remaining years." "Always associate myself with Chuzhou.
Now, it has been more than a thousand years since Ouyang Xiu left us, but his name is still closely connected with Chuzhou. Without Ouyang Xiu, there would be no Chuzhou Langya The famous reputation of the mountain has become the favorite of many people. Since its completion in Ouyang Xiu's time in Chu, it has gone through many vicissitudes of life, but it has been rebuilt many times and remains undefeated for hundreds of years. He wrote: "Eight hundred years after the death of the old man, the drunken hometown is still there; six or seven miles of walking in the mountains, the shadow of the pavilion is not alone. "The "Weng" in the couplet refers to Ouyang Xiu. The time when this gate and its couplet were made was in the seventh year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1881 AD). It has been more than 800 years since Ouyang Xiu knew Chu, and people have not forgotten him. It is 900 years ago today. After many years, people still have not forgotten him, and they will never forget him in the future. In the "Biographies" of the newly compiled "Chuzhou City Chronicle" (formerly a county-level city) in 1998, the first person listed is Ouyang Xiu, which seems to have him. I became a Chuzhou native.
Ouyang Xiu Cemetery
It is located in Ouyangsi Village, Xindian Town, 13 kilometers west of Xinzheng City, Henan Province. The park has a beautiful environment, with Gangfu in the north and rolling hills. To the south is a ravine and a gurgling stream. The cemetery is solemn, with numerous stone monuments and towering cypresses. It clears up after the rain, the sun shines, and the mist rises like smoke and rain. The scenery is spectacular, so it is known as the "Misty Rain in the European Tomb". One of the eight ancient scenic spots in Xinzheng.