Poetry is a literary genre. It requires highly concise language to vividly express the author's rich thoughts and feelings, reflect social life in a concentrated way, and has a certain rhythm. It requires a highly concentrated summary and reflection of social life, saturated with the author's rich thoughts, feelings and imagination. The language is concise and vivid, with a certain rhythm and rhythm. Generally, it first appeared in various literary genres. In ancient China, unhappy times were called poems.
Characteristics of poetry
Poetry content is the most concentrated reflection of social life.
2. Poetry is full of emotion and imagination.
3. The poetic language is characterized by conciseness, image, harmonious tone and distinct rhythm.
4. The form of poetry: not in the sentence, but in the action, the branch is mainly based on rhythm, not meaning.
Classification of poetry
There are many kinds of poems, and their categories are different according to different classification standards. The common ones are as follows.
(A) According to the content and expression, there are lyric poems and narrative poems.
1, lyric poetry. Expressing feelings is the main way of expression, focusing on the author's inner feelings and experience of social life. Generally, the whole process of life things is not described in detail, nor is there a complete story, nor is there a complete character image, but the author's inner feelings are expressed through the description of some life fragments or things. For example, Fang's "Chasing Xu Zhimo" was written three years after Xu Zhimo's death, recalling homesickness. /The loneliness behind you is unusual, but sadly, we all have a lonely heart in front of us. /Go away and never look back. /People call you a god and a star; /Become a rosy cloud on Mount Tai. It is a miracle that you are dead. /I know what you're saying in your heart: I'm dead, it's over, you don't have to bother anymore. /Now you have really gone away, you have disappeared from sight, and every memory has alienated you. You are like fallen leaves falling to the ground in autumn; /Listen, is there any sound in the middle of the night? /'Zhimo, you left, you left for three years, I remember you!' Lyrics have direct lyricism and opinion lyricism. The former expresses the mind directly, while the latter is attached to the lyricism of people, things, things and reason, mainly relying on the lyricism of scenery, things and things. For example, Jin Changxu's "Spring Complaint" drove away the oriole. All the music came from the trees. They woke her up in her dream, and she went to the camp in western Liaoning to be with him.
2. Narrative poetry. It reflects social life by telling stories and portraying characters, and describes the author's understanding and feelings about society and life. It is between poetry and fiction, but it is concise and summarized in the form of poetry, focusing on expressing the poet's feelings, such as Peacock Flying Southeast, Mulan Ci and Wang Gui and Li Xiangxiang.
(2) According to the forms of expression, there are metrical poems, free poems, folk songs and prose poems.
1, metrical poem. Written according to certain rules, the style is orderly and the rules are rigorous. There are strict rules on the number of words in each sentence, the level of parallelism, antithesis and rhyme. It can be said that poetry has a certain line, a certain line and a certain rhyme, such as ancient metrical poems, quatrains, words and songs.
2. Free verse. Compared with the metrical restriction of poetry, the sentence pattern, composition and rhyme of poetry are more casual, and the author can organize and arrange words according to the needs of lyric from an early age. But it is not "absolute freedom", and the rhythm formed by language and rhythm is still there. For example, Hu Shi's "Crow": "I got up early in the morning and stood in the corner of someone else's house, crying speechless. People hate me and say I don't.
3. Folk songs. People's collective creation can be passed on from mouth to mouth. Sincere feelings, with a strong flavor of life and labor, fresh and vigorous style, lively and free form, simple language, often using metaphor and exaggeration to create poetic images. Such as "Midnight Song": "When you first want to know Lang, your two hearts are one. If you manage your silk like a broken machine, you won't understand it. " Some poems in Liu Dabai's "Selling Cloth Ballads" are like "doggerel": "The mountains and rivers are blurred and the wells are dark. The yellow dog is white and the white dog is swollen. " Another example is a seventeen-character poem: "I was sent to Yunyang to meet my uncle like my mother." Both of them shed tears in three lines. "
4. Prose poetry is developed in modern times and has the characteristics of lyric poetry and lyric prose. It is a clever combination of some expressive elements of poetry and some reproducible elements of prose. From an early age, it used the flexible form of prose to convey exquisite poetic images. Although it is not arranged and rhymed like poetry, its language still has an inherent sense of rhythm and musical beauty. It uses metaphors and symbols in artistic techniques. In just a few hundred words,
(3) According to artistic forms, it can be divided into misty poems, satirical poems, recitation poems and street poems.