[Hungarian] Petofi
Petofi? Sando (1823— 1849) is a famous Hungarian poet. Born into a poor butcher family. I used to be an actor and a soldier. From 65438 to 0844, he came to Budapest from his hometown to work as a newspaper editor. 1846, the literary and artistic publication Life Scenes was founded. 1848 participated in the uprising of the democratic revolution, fought bravely for the liberation of Hungary from Austria, and gave his life in the battle with the Russian-Austrian Coalition forces in July the following year. Petofi is good at attacking feudal autocracy with poems, praising the Hungarian people who fought for freedom and reflecting their efforts to pursue a happy life and love. His creation broke through the stereotype of aristocratic literature and occupied an important position in the history of Hungarian literature. Up to now, many of his poems have become folk songs and spread among Hungarians. His main works include the narrative poem Hammer in the Country, Janas Warrior, Apostle, political lyric poem Against the King, For the People, Song of the Nation, prose collection Travel Notes, drama Tiger and Hyenas, and novel Stranger's Rope.
I wish I were a torrent,
A river in the mountains,
On the rugged road,
Pass over the rocks ...
As long as my lover
This is a small fish,
In my waves,
Swim around happily.
I wish I were a barren forest,
On both sides of the river,
For a gust of wind,
fight bravely ...
As long as my lover
It's a bird,
In my dense
Make a nest and sing among the branches.
I wish I were a ruin,
On the steep rocks,
This silent destruction,
Doesn't make me depressed. ...
As long as my lover
It's green ivy,
Along my desolate forehead,
Climb up intimately.
I hope it's a cabin,
At the bottom of the ravine,
On the top of the hut
Be struck by wind and rain ...
As long as my lover
Is a lovely flame,
In my stove,
Blink slowly and happily.
I wish I were a cloud,
This is a broken gray flag.
In the vast sky,
Wander around lazily ...
As long as my lover
It's a coral-like sun,
Beside my pale face,
Show a bright luster.
(translated by Sun Yong)
point out
I wish I were a torrent, written in June 1847. In petofi's famous poems, we will feel a kind of sad and quiet, lonely and tenacious love power. What the poet appreciates is a kind of proud and lonely love, a kind of love that despises vulgarity, and a kind of love whose value lies in itself.
The work expresses the love for "My Love" with warm and unrestrained sincere feelings. The whole poem is divided into five natural sections, and five groups of images are used to compare the love relationship between me and my lover: the poet wishes to be a torrent, a barren forest, ruins, a hut and clouds, and the lover is a fish, a bird, an ivy and a flame. The image of the former gives people a sense of hardship, severity and desolation, and is also a symbol of the poet's life path; The latter gives people a soft and warm feeling, and it is the image of a adherent and a adherent, but it also highlights the great spiritual strength of "My Love". It can be seen that poets hope for equality in love and support and encourage each other in the struggle of revolutionary cause.
In addition to the proper use of image contrast, it is more important that the inner charm formed by the passionate expression of the whole poem runs through. The five verses of the whole poem are in the format of "I wish I were a torrent" ... as long as my lover is ... ",repeated singing not only has a complete structure, but also strengthens the effect of emotional expression. (Li Jianming)
Banana flower
Guo Moruo
Guo Moruo, (1892— 1978) is a modern and contemporary poet, playwright, historian and ancient philologist. Formerly known as Kaizhen, his pen names are Guo,, Macon, etc. People from Leshan, Sichuan. Goddess, a collection of poems published by 192 1, created a "generation of poetic style" with strong revolutionary spirit, distinctive color of the times, romantic artistic style and bold free verse. In the summer of the same year, he started the creation society with Cheng, Yu Dafu. Since 1928, Guo Moruo has lived in exile in Japan for 10 years. During this period, he studied China's ancient history and ancient philology from the perspective of historical materialism, and wrote books such as China's Ancient Society Research and Oracle Bone Inscriptions Research, which made outstanding achievements and opened up a new world of historical research. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Guo Moruo left his wife and returned to the motherland alone. During this period, he created six historical plays, such as Flowers of Tang Di and Qu Yuan, which fully showed the romantic features, which was another great achievement of his creation. These dramas use the past as a metaphor for the present, closely matching the real struggle. 1944 wrote "Three Centennial Festival of Shen Jia", which summarized the historical experience and lessons of Li Zicheng peasant uprising. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, under the constant threat of life, we persisted in the struggle against dictatorship and civil war and for democracy and freedom. After the founding of New China, Guo Moruo successively served as Vice Premier of the State Council, President of China Academy of Sciences, President of China University of Science and Technology, Director of Philosophy and Social Sciences Department of China Academy of Sciences, and Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC). The collection of works is 17-volume Collected Works of Mo Ruo (1957 ~ 1963). The newly compiled Complete Works of Guo Moruo is divided into three parts: literature (20 volumes), history and archaeology, and has been published since 1982.
This is when I was five or six years old. I think of my mother now, and suddenly I think of this story.
66 years ago, my mother was born in Ping Huang, Guizhou. My grandfather Du Zhuo Zhanggong was a state official in Ping Huang at that time. Shortly after his arrival, he met the Miao uprising, which led to the fall of the city. His grandfather killed his four-year-old aunt and committed suicide in court. My grandmother and her seven-year-old third aunt jumped into the pool in the State Council and died. Most of the male workers and female servants used were also killed. Our mother was only one year old. Sister Liu jumped into the pool behind our mother's back, but escaped. I met two bandits on the road. I was robbed of gold and silver jewelry for the first time and clothes for the second time. Liu, a loyal nurse, begged for some straw to cover herself in the farmer's house and still ran away behind her mother's back. Only when he fled, he met a loyal person who came to help, and he was saved. At first, it flowed to the capital of Guizhou, and then to the capital of Yunnan, where we leaned against others and suffered various abuses, but Liu, a loyal nanny, always protected our mother. It was not until my mother was four years old that my uncle went to collect the body and bypassed Yunnan before taking my mother and wet nurse Liu back to Sichuan.
Mother suffered such misfortune when she was young.
My mother came to our house when she was fifteen. We have eight brothers and sisters, and I heard that one brother and three sisters died. At that time, our family was poor, and we had to share cooking, washing and sweeping with our sister-in-law. My mother has many children and bears a lot of burdens.
Busy with housework during the day and washing diapers under vegetable oil lamp at night. I saw it with my own eyes when I was a child, and I still remember it now.
Mother is very weak because of overwork. She always faints once every autumn. In the old society, she was called "dizziness". Now think about it, it is even a puerperal uterine disease because of poor parenting.
When she was ill, her mother fell asleep in bed, moaning and vomiting all day. Needless to say, she can't eat, and sometimes she can hardly import tea. So for two weeks, and then I slowly recovered. This is like a serious illness.
The story of banana flower is related to this disease.
In rural Sichuan, it is said that this plantain flower is a good medicine for dizziness. When mother was ill, we had to ask people everywhere to buy banana flowers. But this banana flower is not easy to buy. Because bananas are not easy to bloom in Sichuan, once they bloom, the villagers regard them as auspicious and refuse to pick them and sell them easily. It is easy to buy a banana flower. When we were young, we should care about the price of two fat chickens.
Banana flowers are bought, but petals are useless, only banana seeds in petals are available. Banana seeds are useless when they have already borne fruit, and they are only useful when the banana seeds are almost pistils. It's really impossible to pick so many bananas on a flower.
This kind of banana is not delicious at all. Those of us who have eaten bananas think that eating that banana is the same as eating bananas, which is a big mistake. Once when my mother was eating banana seeds, she gave me a bamboo stick by the bed. It was so astringent that I couldn't eat it.
The story of banana flower has something to do with my mother's dizziness.
We Sichuanese are mostly from other provinces. After Zhang suppressed Sichuan-Sichuan people have a saying: "Zhang suppressed Sichuan, killing chickens and making an example of dogs"-it seems that there was a big immigration movement in the early Qing Dynasty. Sichuanese from other provinces have their own guild halls, even in very small towns and villages.
Our ancestors originally came from Fujian, and they lived in Ninghua County, the capital of Tingzhou. It is said that there are still our relatives living there. Our ancestors entered Sichuan and settled in a small village under Mount Emei in the early Qing Dynasty. Our Fujian people's guild hall is the Tianhou Palace, where a goddess named "Virgin Mary" is dedicated. There is one in our village.
That was when I was five or six years old. Our mother is ill again. My second brother, who is four years older than me, and I went to Tianhou Palace. That day, the harem was only half a mile away from our home, and there was a farewell hall in it, which was the place where Fujian children studied. When we went, the museum was already on holiday, probably around the Mid-Autumn Festival. Through the window, we saw a bunch of plantains scattered in the museum garden, one of which happened to have a big yellow flower, just like a lotus with pointed petals. We are very happy. At that time, we were looking for plantain flowers at home, but we couldn't find them anywhere. We discussed it, and then went to the window to pick banana flowers. The window was only three or four feet high, but I couldn't climb it at that time. My second brother went behind my back. The two of us had a hard time picking off the bud, and the second brother was afraid of being seen, so he hid Lai under his clothes and went back the same way. When I got home, my second brother asked me to take Bud to my mother. I held it and ran to my mother's bed. My mother asked me where I got it, and I said it was in Tianhou Palace. My mother was very angry. She told us to kneel in front of the bed and just sighed again and again: "Ah, mother gave birth to a disappointing child like you. For her, it is better to die of illness! " We all cried, but I also know why we cried. Soon my father knew, dragged us to kneel in front of our ancestors in the lobby and beat us for a while. Only this time I got the palm, which is still fresh in my memory.
We were beaten and sad at the same time. But I don't know why I am angry with my parents. Mother is ill and wants to eat banana flowers. Why did you make such a big mistake by pulling a flower from another garden?
Banana flowers are useless. I'll take them back to the queen mother and kill them in front of the shrine of the queen mother, right?
Such a story, when I think of my mother now, comes to my mind inexplicably. I have been away from home for 12 or 13 years. In the new autumn, on a stormy night, I feel lonely, miss my mother, my nose is sore and my eyes are swollen.
Ah, mom, my dear mom! Your son has reached middle age and is married and has children overseas. I already know why the story of picking banana flowers when I was a child made my parents so sad. However, just because I knew, I lost the confidence and courage to pick banana flowers. Is this progress?
(selected from Guo Moruo's "Student Age? Miscellaneous Notes in the Mountains People's Literature Publishing House1March, 979)
point out
Banana Flower is a childhood story written by Guo Moruo in Fukuoka on the night of August 20th, 1924. My mother is dizzy, moaning, vomiting and in great pain. She needs a banana flower to see a doctor. Guo Moruo, who was only five or six years old, and his second brother climbed into the garden of a private school and stole a plantain flower. Guo Moruo rushed to the bed with plantain flowers in his hand and presented them to his mother. After her mother asked about the origin of the flowers, she was very angry. She immediately told Guo Moruo and her second brother to kneel in front of the bed, calling them "disappointing children" and saying that "it is better to be a mother than to die of illness." Father also moved the family law to them and ordered them to put the plantain flowers back in their original places. Faced with the mother's sigh and the father's reprimand, the child was "sad". "I cried, and my brother cried." When two people cry, the meaning is different, because they are different in age and experience the world differently.
An ordinary banana flower, a pair of lively and innocent children and two strict parents constitute a short story, which gives people profound enlightenment. The sick mother is eager to spend money, but she has not forgotten the heavy responsibility of raising children. The father can also abide by his children's filial piety, but he insists on the creed of "don't do it with small evils" and punishes his beloved child for the first time. They regard children's morality as more important than treating diseases and more valuable than life. Their love for their children is true love and precious. 1939, Guo Moruo's father died of illness and wrote an elegiac couplet: "Mr. Wang has a bright future, hiding in the door, enjoying his old age, and Mingde Xuan Tong tends to the past; Zhesi is a master of the literary world, bravely flying, driving the Japanese invaders, and making great achievements in stone. " The evaluation is appropriate.
The intention of the article also links the thoughts of my mother with the author's wandering career in Japan at that time, and sends out a feeling of regret. The mother's sorrow is that her son doesn't love himself, but after the parents' persuasion, even the innocence and courage of childhood are lost, which makes the wind and rain in the world erode the confidence and courage of childhood.
The phrase "plantain flower" is plain, exquisite and meaningful, and penetrates the back of the paper. Articles are like thousands of miles, coming and going without a trace. Seemingly sloppy, it is actually a line. The previous story about war, exile, early marriage and having many children is a replica of the story of Banana Flower. The author skillfully uses the turning sentence, which is wonderful. (Li Jianming)
New College Chinese Edited by Xie Xiling and Li Jianming.