Wei Meizhi
Zhu Xiaojing Village, Xiaojing Town, Boai County, is the place where Sima Yan, King of Yin, was born and grew up during the Chu-Han conflict. Sima Yan was the thirteenth son of Sima Yi, Emperor Xuan of Jin Dynasty. Shizu was one of the eighteen feudal kings granted by Xiang Yu (i.e. King of Yin). He was named Queen of Yin and built the inner capital city in Neidu Village, not far from Xiaojing Village. Part of the city wall still remains. Sima Yan was a typical figure who based his filial piety on his military affairs. His deeds were widely circulated in Boai County and had a great influence. In order to carry forward the noble qualities of the ancients in the new era, this autumn, the author made a special trip to Xiaojing Village, the hometown of Sima Xuan, and Neidu Village, the capital of Sima Xuan.
1. The place where Sima Yan was born. When we arrived at Xiaojing Village, many passers-by stopped when they heard that we were here to research Sima Xuan’s hometown. An old man in his seventies took me to the gate of the original Boai Qin River section, pointed to a small poplar tree and said: "That small tree is a little further to the north. It was originally a ruined temple. At that time, Sima Xuan's His mother came here to beg for food and gave birth to him under the dance floor of the ruined temple. It was winter when he was born, and a kind man put half a bag of noodles in front of the ruined temple, so that the mother and son did not starve to death. His mother raised him as a beggar, and later joined the army of Zhao State. During the Chu-Han War, he was named King of Yin by Xiang Yu. "The Chronicles of Xiang Yu" records: "Zhao General Sima Xun was established in Hanoi for his merits. He is the king of Yin and the king of Hanei." This period of history is consistent with the records in historical books, which illustrates the credibility of folklore.
2. The token of Sima Yan’s birth—the stone sheep. At the four major intersections in Xiaojing Village, there were four stone sheep in ancient times. They were called "stone lions" by the masses and were said to be tokens of Sima Xian's birth. As soon as I heard that Shiyang was looking for Sima Xian, four or five people immediately gathered together and pointed me to a telephone pole at an intersection. The stone sheep fell into the ditch under a telephone pole. Didn't it say there were four stone sheep? Why only one? Four or five old people told me: "Xiaojing Village is connected to Zhang Village. A long time ago, there was a young man named Niuhu in Zhang Village. He had big arms, round waist, and great strength. He took a stone sheep home and practiced martial arts. It worked, and the other two are still in Zhang Village. It is said that at the same time as Niuhu, there was a young man named Wang Leng in Xiaojing Village who was also very powerful. One year, the people of Dayan Village got into a fight with the people of Xiaojing Village. , so Wang Leng carried two stone sheep to Dayan Village. The young people in Dayan Village did not dare to mention the fight anymore.
Why did Sima Yan use sheep as a token of birth? According to his analysis: 1. It is possible that Sima Yan was born under the zodiac sign of sheep, and the sixty-sixth birthday was already in my country during the Qin and Han Dynasties. On this occasion, Sima Yan used sheep as a token of birth. It is very likely that his animal sign was sheep. When Sima Yan was named King of Yin, it was 206 BC. Born in 170 BC, or 158 BC. 2. Sima Xian was extremely filial to his mother. He placed four stone sheep at the entrance of the four big streets in the village, using stone sheep to represent himself, so that his mother could be seen wherever she went. Being able to see him keeps him company with his mother.
3. There are eleven village names and place names in Boai County, including seven in Xiaojing Town and two in Zhangruji Township. There are two Qingtian River Scenic Areas. In summary, there are two situations: First, there are two place names arising from Sima Yan's noble qualities; Xiaojing Village and Bazhuang Village. Because Sima Yan was extremely filial to his mother, he served as a soldier in the State of Zhao and was captured. After being named Queen of Yin, she still did not forget her mother's gift of childbirth and upbringing, especially after her mother passed away and was buried in Xiaojing. He often went home to worship his mother during the war break. Every time he returned, he would dismount at Pazhuang, five miles east of Xiaojing Village. , knelt on the ground and kowtowed three times (one step at a time, one kowtow), and then walked to the mother's tomb to pay tribute. In order to publicize Sima Xun's virtues, people renamed the village where Sima Xun was born and raised Xiaojing Village, and kowtowed every time he was born. The place was named Paizhuang (later changed Paizhuang to Paizhuang because of the indelicate character of "Cai"). Secondly, the place name originated from King Sima Hanoi. According to the village annals of Neidu Village in Xiaojing Town. According to records, after King Sima Yan built the inner capital in Hanoi (different from the Yin capital Hanoi - Chaoge), the inner capital built by Sima Yan had a circumference of nine miles and thirteen steps, and it was still intact at the beginning of liberation. In 1958, the county organized the construction of the Qinhe embankment, and the south city wall was used as the embankment foundation. The east, west and north city walls were demolished and the soil was restored to the Qinhe embankment. Currently, only the west city wall remains. About thirty meters away, it was named a municipal cultural relic protection unit by the Jiaozuo City Government. Sima Yan was named Queen of Yin, and many officials came to congratulate her. Two villages were formed where the officials were stationed, called Dongwanghe and Xixi. Wang He. The granary of the royal capital was built to the east of the royal capital, and later two villages were formed, called Dongliangshi and Xiliangshi. Later generations changed their names to Xiliangshi and Dongliangshi. /p>
4. Xiaojing Village - the home of the Sima family. "Book of Jin" and "Xuan Emperor Ji" record: "Emperor Xuanyi's courtesy name was Zhongda. He was a native of Xiaojingli, Wen County, Hanoi, and his surname was the Sima family. Emperor Gaoyang's son Chongli served as Xia Guan Zhurong. His duties were followed through the Tang, Yu, Xia, Shang and Shi dynasties. In the Zhou Dynasty, Xia Guan was appointed as Sima. Later, Cheng Bo Xiu's father, during the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, used this official to conquer Xu Fang. Later, the land was turned into a county, and the descendants and descendants had their families. Since the eighth generation of Emperor Xian, Jun, the general who conquered the West, was born, with the courtesy name Shuping. Jun was born as the prefect of Yuzhang, Liang, whose courtesy name was Gongbian. The prefect of Yingchuan was born, Jun, with different characters. Jun was born in Jingzhao Yin Fang, named Jiangong. The emperor is the second son of Fang."
This record shows: 1. Sima Yi is the thirteenth grandson of Sima Yan. 2. Xiaojing Village is the home of Sima Xian, and also the home of his descendants - "descendants follow their home". When Sima Yi arrived, Sima's home was still in Xiaojingli, which is now Xiaojing Village. Mao Zhuan: "Li means residence, and twenty-five families are called li." "Huaiqing Prefecture Annals": "There are ten armors in each mile and five households in each armor." From Xiaojingli to Xiaojing Village is the development process of the village from small to large.
5. Xiaojingli in Wen County and Xiaojing Village in Boai County are the same village. According to research, Boai County and Wen County belonged to the same county for a long time in history. According to the stele "Praise to Mr. Nature at Wanshou Temple on Jinshan Mountain" written by Dongfang Shuo, it is recorded in the third year of Yuanshuo in the Western Han Dynasty that Boai County was located in Anchang; in the "Stele of Wude Yu Fujun et al. Yiqiao Stone Statue" in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Boai County was located in Wude County. "The Epitaph of Pei Fujun, Deputy Envoy of Qingzhou in the Tang Dynasty" records that Pei Xiu's son Pei Pou was buried in "Jiufeng Village, Wude County, Hanoi", which is now Boai Jiufeng Village. Wude County is now Wude Town in Wen County. It was built during the Eastern Tour of Qin Shihuang, and the county was abandoned as a town in the Jin Dynasty. The old site of Anchang County is also near Wude Town. The above historical data proves that Boai County and Wen County were under the same jurisdiction during these historical periods. So, why is Xiaojingli in Wen County recorded in history? An important reason is that due to the diversion of the Qin River, Xiaojing Village was originally located on the south bank of the Qin River and was contiguous with the land of Wen County. Therefore, it was called Xiaojing Village in Wen County. After the Qin River was diverted, Xiaojing Village reached the north bank of the Qin River and was connected with Boai County (formerly Hanoi). This may be an important reason why Xiaojing Village was placed under Boai County. Although Sima Yi moved to Zhaoxian Town on the bank of the Yellow River in order to recruit wise men and plan for great things, his hometown is still Xiaojingli, that is, Xiaojing Village. According to the inscription in the "Huaiqing Prefecture Chronicle": "The village of Xiaojing is connected to the village of Zhang, and there are thousands of families with fireworks." Zhang Village is located on the west side of Xiaojing Village and connected to Xiaojing Village. This proves that Xiaojing Village and Zhang Village are both in Boai County, not Wen County.
6. The ancestral home of the Sima family - Baibi Village. Baibi Village is now Tangcun, Boai County. In the past, all the people in Baibi Village had the same surname: Sima. In the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, the Li family moved from Hongdong County, Shanxi Province to Baibi Village, breaking the Sima family's dominance. According to the elder surnamed Li in the village, people in the Sima family often heard that Sima An's mother went out from Baibi Village (Tang Village) to beg for food and went to Xiaojing Village, where she gave birth to Sima An. Sima's ancestral grave is located next to Boai Neidu Highway at the west end of Tangcun, covering an area of ??several dozen acres.