What is "depression and frustration"? "Repression" refers to ideological content. "Deep" means "deep", which means profound, profound and profound content. "Yu" means "product", which means that the content is true, dignified and implicit. "Discontinuation" refers to the artistic form, literally refers to the pause and turning point of words and sentences. The emotional twists and turns, the alternation of rhythm, the cadence of tone and the ups and downs of melody form this fascinating musical beauty. The "melancholy" of Du Shi's thought content is embodied through the art of "melancholy", and the two are interdependent and inseparable. Let's talk about it separately here.
The "depression" of thoughts and feelings in Ascending the Mountain and Reading the Book is manifested in the following three aspects:
The content is thick and full. Whether describing reality or sketching history, Du Fu's poems all show solid ideological connotation and dignified historical consciousness. The words "bitterness, bitterness and hatred" in Ascending the Mountain contain pent-up patriotic feelings and lingering worries. It not only describes the decline, aging and illness of individuals in southwest China, the premature aging of temples, and abstinence from alcohol and alcohol, but also reflects the social turmoil and destruction from one side, and the people are displaced and miserable. The author's sadness is condensed in these four words, which are profound and profound. Another example is "the temple is danqing, and the empty mountain is full of vegetation." When I heard that I resigned, I would never lie in Nanyang again "("Wuhou Temple "). "Divided the Three Kingdoms, bound by his greatness, eight sides fort is built on his reputation. By the changing river, the stone stands the sadness that he never conquered the state of Wu (Eight Arrays). Du Fu recited many poems about Zhuge Liang. Comparatively speaking, the combination of "three summonses add him to the country's weight, and two generations offer him sincerity" in Shuxiang can best reflect Wu Hou's mentality and his achievements. Zhuge Liang's lifelong ambition lies in the intriguing word "the heart of an old minister", which is rich and intriguing.
Emotional ups and downs. The emotional expression in Du Fu's poems is not straightforward, but has hidden changes in priorities. The first sentence in Ascending the Mountain, "The sky is high and the wind is urgent, and the ape whimpers", if it comes from outer space, shows the reader the poet's emotion of "sorrowing for autumn". "Birds fly home over clear lakes and white beaches" is also comforting, as if to limit this sadness. "Leaves falling like waterfalls" pushed the poet's "sad autumn" mood to a new height. The rolling forward in "And I see the long river is always rolling forward" and "The Yangtze River" shows an open and distant realm, which seems to buffer this sadness. In the description of the scenery, we can ponder the emotional ups and downs of the poet's sad world. The first book of the book: "Where is the Hall of Fame? In a pine forest near the Silk City. " The poet pointed out the geographical location and natural environment of Wuhou Temple, during which the ingenious word "seek" skillfully connected the questions and answers, and wrote the eagerness of the poets who first came to Chengdu to find traces, giving people the impression of longing and hope. However, great changes have taken place in the feelings of "spring grass dyes the stage, birds sing and leaves are happy" and couplets. The result of "seeking" is that temples are lonely, and poets come and go alone. This has formed an emotional gap. The poet's feelings are not smooth, but the ups and downs of Zhang Chi.
The twists and turns in expression are implicit. The author often hides his rich feelings deep in his heart, and the nine bends collide and rotate with the ileum, but they don't vent. Climbing high has the characteristics of heaviness and sadness, and what readers read from the works is a poor Confucian image standing on a high platform. But the author's feelings are deep and not excessive, and they are sad and not depressed. The first couplet of Shuxiang used a question, which highlighted the poet's eagerness to find his way and left the reader in suspense. However, when he stepped into the ancestral temple, the poet did not write those tall buildings and magnificent statues, but wrote a whole article with "reflecting spring grass" and "oriole separated by leaves", but every word was full of emotion, which was implicit and "meaningful in it"
"When you are depressed, the words are the best" (Chen Tingzhuo's White Jade Zhai Thorn, Volume 7). Not only words, but also poems. The "frustration" in Gordon's and scholarly language forms is manifested in the following four aspects:
Composition changes. On the composition of "going up the mountain" in Zhao Wei Zhan Yan, an oriental tree: "The first four sentences are scenery, and the last four sentences are emotion. One, two, three, four whole, change the brushwork. Fifth, sixth, the beginning and the end, as well as the narration, gushed in one breath ... I don't think it's like a sentence, change your pen, change your mind, and be disciplined. " "Sad autumn" is the main theme of climbing. The first four sentences describe the scenery, the author's subjective feelings and the objective characteristics of the scenery achieve harmony and unity, and the artistic charm produced is incomparable to the general poems describing the scenery. The lyricism of the last four sentences directly expresses Wan Li's lonely and miserable mood. Finally, it was quite unexpected to put pen to paper on the life details of the "new turbid wine glass", and the vertical and horizontal opening and closing changes freely. It is this kind of twists and turns that not only makes the literary trend of thought surging, but also makes the expression of emotion profound and dignified.
Structure circular reference. "Up the Mountain" is written in one sentence, three sentences and one pulse, two sentences and four sentences and one pulse, five sentences and seven sentences and six sentences and eight sentences. The beauty of caring is rare. The combination of the front and back parts of the chin leads to "sad autumn", the combination of the neck and tail leads to "sad autumn" and "bitter hatred", and the cup stops because of "illness". Interlocking and seamless connection. The word "where to find" in the first couplet of the book set the stage for the praise and regret of the whole poem, with a 10% discount. Switch to two close-ups of "Green Grass" and "Oriole" to compare the sadness of the hero and get a 20% discount. The neckband gushed out from his chest and summed up Zhuge Wuhou's achievements in a thousand years in concise language. After this 30% discount, the poet revealed the finishing touch: "But before he conquered, he was dead, and the heroes cried on their coats." Whenever you use frustration, it won't be straight. From the structural connection between the two poems, we can see the frustrated style of Du Fu's poems.
Loud, clear and bright syllables. The predecessors commented on the antithesis art of Ascending the Height: "Seven words and eight sentences are all right, and the first sentence rhymes. People in the early Tang Dynasty created this style, and it was not until Lao Du became an accurate ear "(Xu Yinfang's Law Outline). The first triple stability, needless to say. It's hard to use antithesis in the tail joint! The couplet "I don't think it's a dialogue" has fine taste, subtle melody and unique style. "Fan Shuang An" and "Turbid Wine Glass" worked hard on it; The word "bitterness, bitterness and hatred" happens to be four tones of yin and yang, with distinct cadence; The words "down and out" and "new stop" are flat and staggered, and the rhyme is melodious. The poem "Ascending the Mountain" has produced amazing musical beauty in terms of rhythm, rhyme and antithesis. The word "zi" and "empty" in scholarly couplets should be flat, but it should be a contradictory modification, but it has an artistic effect of alerting readers. Seven-tone version has the characteristics of harmonious melody. The melody arrangement of Ascending the Mountain and Shuxiang can make the human body feel the poet's sad mood and reach a high artistic level.
Simple warning strategies expressed in words and phrases. Use more refined words. The words "green grass, birds and flowers" and "Zi" and "Kong" in Shuxiang are even more vivid. Green grass reflects order, but it is spring itself-because it is difficult for tourists to reach; The oriole leaves the leaf, but it's a good empty sound-because the poet is not interested in listening. The author's poetic heart is all condensed in the words "self" and "emptiness". Use reduplication. For example, in two poems, Rustling, Rolling and Yuan, there are well-known sayings by predecessors that "Rustling", "Rolling" arouses spirit (Yang Wanli's Poem of Chengzhai) and "Sensen" has spirit (Hu's Poem of Pearl). "But before he could conquer, he was already dead, and the hero cried on their coats." This famous sentence, which has been sung through the ages, has made many tragic heroes sing for it! According to the old Tang book? Wang Zhuan, the king who carried out the Yongzheng reform in the Tang Dynasty, predicted that the political situation would change and his clothes were wet with tears, but he recited this sentence. This sentence is passed down from mouth to mouth, and its charm lies in writing the feelings of countless tragic heroes.
Depression and frustration are integrated, and depression obeys depression by virtue of frustration, which complement each other and constitute the main style of Du Fu's poems. The two seven melodies, Ascending the Height and Reading the Book, contain profound and rich melancholy feelings in the ups and downs, which is undoubtedly an important window to spy out Du Fu's poetic style and has high aesthetic value.