(1) Curriculum standards and textbook requirements for comparative reading
High school curriculum standard learning task group 5
Literary reading and writing teaching tips:
Use special reading, comparative reading, etc. to guide students in reading, appreciation, exploration and writing.
High school Chinese textbooks:
Expand the capacity of "lessons", select works of different themes and styles, and "unit learning tasks" guide students in comparative reading.
For compulsory courses, take Lesson 8 of Unit 3, Unit 3: "Sleepwalking Tianmu's Song of Farewell", "Climbing High" and "Pipa Parade"
? Comparative reading: compare the content or form Collect related readings and read them in a comparative and analytical manner. (Lu Baoyuan et al., 1984)
Comparative reading method: A reading method in which two or more reading materials are compared and read to analyze their similarities and differences and judge their advantages and disadvantages. (Zeng Xiangqin, 1999)
? Content and form? Horizontal and vertical? Whole and partial? Seeking similarities and seeking differences
The perspective of comparative reading should be determined according to the purpose of reading and the characteristics of the text. , specifically, it mainly includes comparisons from the perspectives of subject matter, genre, theme, characters, imagery, environment, plot, writing characteristics, writing style, etc.
(2) Comparative reading teaching strategies
? Integrating the concepts and basic methods of comparative reading into Chinese reading teaching activities is comparative reading teaching.
?Comparative reading teaching means that in reading teaching activities, in order to achieve specific learning goals, teachers guide students to introduce other materials related to learning tasks in a timely manner, and compare, analyze, and compare from different levels and angles. The process of synthesizing, summarizing, training thinking, and improving reading ability.
Guide and help students make overall comparisons through unit-oriented classes or review classes
Unit 1 of the second volume of high school compulsory courses
Critical reading and expression
1. "Zi Lu, Zeng Xi, Ran You, and Gong Xihua were sitting in attendance", "The Affairs of Qi Huan and Jin Wen", "The Cook Ding Jie Niu", "Touching the Dragon and Talking about the Empress Dowager Zhao"
2. Zhuzhi Wu retreated from the Qin army
3.*Hongmen Banquet
The first unit of the second volume of the high school compulsory course
Speculative reading and expression
① "Zhuzhi" "Wu retreated from the Qin army": Comparison of the narratives in "Spring and Autumn" and "Zuo Zhuan"
②The art of persuasion in "Zuo Zhuan" and "Warring States Policy"
"Zhu Zhiwu retreated from the Qin army" and "Touching the Dragon" Talking about the Empress Dowager Zhao"
③"Zuo Zhuan" and "Historical Records" both have superb narrative art. "Zuo Zhuan" is good at describing words and concise narratives; "Historical Records" has detailed narratives, vivid descriptions and vivid details.
Three-step and five-stage reading teaching method
The sixth unit is compulsory for high school students
? "Encouraging Learning" and "For Learning" (Peng Duanshu) "Encouraging" "Learning" and "Teacher's Theory": The Way of Learning
?"Opposing Eight-legged Writing" and "Using Doctrine": Arguments and Refutations
?"Encouraging Learning" and "Opposing Eight-legged Writing" ""Using Doctrine": Metaphorical Argument
?Connect the old with the new: When learning new texts, inspire students to connect with the old texts.
?Group text reading: Study several new texts at a time and understand the connections between the texts.
?Problem-oriented: Ask questions and let students collect relevant readings around the questions.
?Review and reorganization: review class, reorganize units for comparative reading.
?Extended transfer: Apply comparative reading results to reading and writing.
?(1) Pre-reading
"Dan Ge Xing" and "Returning to the Garden and Fields"
?(2) Contact
Vertical, Horizontal; comparability
? (3) Comparison
What are the differences in the emotions expressed by the two poems? What are the differences in language styles and expression techniques?
? (4) Synthesis
The process of comparing and appreciating a selected group of articles and drawing an overall conclusion
? (5) Application
? Timely application Learned knowledge and consolidate reading training results.
Know people and judge the world. Rhythm, rhythm and expression techniques of ancient poetry.
(3) The perspective and application of comparative literature
Comparison of "Three Cao" poems
Cao Cao's poems are ancient and straightforward, never pretentious; Cao Pi Cao Zhi's poems are characterized by charm and sharpness, and their diction is between literary and quality; Cao Zhi's poems are eloquent and luxuriant, focusing on technique (44 pages) (Ye Jiaying, "Ancient Poetry Lesson", Sanlian Bookstore, 2018)
Comparison of frontier fortress poems in the Tang Dynasty
Cen Shen’s poems win with novelty, and their style is vigorous and powerful; Gao Shi’s poems win with “qi and bones”, and “qi” is a kind of The power and function of the spirit, "bone" refers to the composition and structure of the work; Wang Changling's poems are won by "emotion", "emotion" is a sad and strong nostalgia for the past, and "rhyme" means that although the words are close, The lingering aftertaste of endless meaning (pages 154-155) (Ye Jiaying's "Ancient Poetry Class", Sanlian Bookstore, 2018)
The Poet's Sorrow
Li Yu's "Qing Ping Le": Li Yu Hate is like grass in spring, it can travel farther and come back alive.
"The Sapphire Case" by He Zhu: How many leisure and sorrows are there? A river of tobacco, flying catkins all over the city, and yellow plums in the rain.
Qin Guan's "Huanxi Sand": The flying flowers are as light as dreams, the boundless silk rain is as thin as sorrow, and the precious curtains hang with small silver hooks.
Xin Qiji's "Chou Nuer Shubo Mountain Road Zhongbi": The young man does not know the feeling of sorrow, falls in love with the upper floors, falls in love with the upper floors, and expresses sorrow in order to compose new words.
Li Qingzhao: Like a Dream
I often remember the sunset in the Xiting Pavilion, and I am so drunk that I don’t know my way back. Returning to the boat late after all the fun, I strayed into the depths of lotus flowers. Fighting for the crossing, fighting for the crossing, startling a pool of gulls and herons.
(Early work)
It was rainy and windy last night. Heavy sleep will not eliminate the remaining wine. When I asked the person behind the curtain, I found that Begonia was still the same. Do you know, do you know? It should be green, red and thin.
(Created around 1100)
Before/after the southern crossing (works "One Cut Plum" and "Slow Voice")