A: I have been exposed to Chinese since I was a child, and I am very familiar with Chinese sentences, which gives us a strong sense of Chinese, which is our advantage in distinguishing language diseases. When doing a problem, first read through the sentences, make a preliminary judgment with the help of language sense, and then check it according to grammar or logic knowledge, so as to get an accurate answer. Candidates are not sure because they just follow their feelings and neglect to test with grammar or logic.
Question 2: What are the rules for the examination of pronunciation in the college entrance examination proposition? Can you help us analyze it?
A: Judging from the propositions in recent years, the examination of phonetics has the following rules:
(1) Common and commonly used polyphonic words are the focus of examination. Because many people easily read multiple sounds into one sound, or they don't understand the meaning of words and confuse several pronunciations. For example, summer vacation (ji), holiday (Ji), teaching (jiāo) students, making friends (jǐ), attending (Y) and serving (wi) others.
(2) More and more attention is paid to examining common, commonly used and easily misunderstood words and sounds. There are fewer and fewer obscure words in college entrance examination, which embodies the instrumentality, application, life and sociality of Chinese. Even if there are some difficult pronunciations, they can basically be found in the text. For example, the trend of "jǐ" angle, although relatively uncommon, has appeared in the text.
(3) Pictophonetic characters are high-frequency test sites. Most of the Chinese characters involved in the test questions are pictophonetic characters.
(4) The test questions are in the form of multiple-choice questions.
(5) You can refer to the questions about language foundation in the examination questions.
Question 3: What are the main examination forms of compressed paragraphs?
A: There are four main ways to examine compressed paragraphs: (1) writing headlines and leads for news, or compressing a press release into a one-sentence news; (2) Define the concept; (3) Summarize the basic content and theme of the article; (4) Use concise words to express the contents of the chart.
Question 4: What are the types of extended sentences?
A: Extended sentences can be divided into the following categories: single sentence expansion; Extension of complex sentences; All-round development, which can be from single sentence to single sentence, or from single sentence to complex sentence, in short, makes the sentence vivid, full and concrete; The expansion of a paragraph gives a topic or provides a situation for candidates to explain, expand and extend, so that the topic or situation is clear and specific and forms a complete sentence or paragraph.
Question 5: The imitation sentence is extremely open and the proposition is extremely flexible. What are the forms of propositions?
A: Sentence pattern imitation refers to imitating sentences according to the provided example or new context. Judging from the college entrance examination propositions in recent years, the types of questions examined can be summarized as follows:
(1) embedded. The content of imitation is embedded in the paragraph, which has both the above context and the following context.
(2) continuation type. The sentence that needs parody is the continuation of the above sentence on the basis of the given context, and the content is coherent.
(3) topical. In addition to examples, several topics are given.
(4) restrictive formula. Give an example and attach other restrictions, such as the beginning.
(5) freestyle. For example, you are completely free to choose materials and ideas.
(6) couplets. Given an uplink or downlink, it is required to write down the downlink or uplink.
Question 6: The syllabus specifies eight commonly used rhetorical methods (9 in the new curriculum standard area and 7 in Jiangsu Province), which are very specific. We have no doubt about them, but we don't know their propositional characteristics.
A: The proposition has three main characteristics:
(1) Test the application ability. Do not examine the identification of rhetorical methods, but examine the application of rhetorical methods, that is, according to the specified situation, use certain rhetorical methods to express certain thoughts and feelings, or express their understanding of things.
(2) The material selection has the flavor of the times. The given materials and settings are mostly from real life, closely related to nature, society and life, and often involve social hot issues.
(3) The examination is comprehensive. Rhetoric in college entrance examination is often combined with accuracy, vividness, coherence and appropriateness of language expression. Even if it is only a simple rhetorical method, it is rarely just a certain rhetorical method, and many rhetorical methods often pass the exam.
Question 7: What problems should we pay attention to when memorizing famous sentences and articles?
Answer: When reciting famous sentences and articles, we should do three cleanness and three noes: three cleanness means that the volume is clean, the handwriting is clear and the strokes are clear; The third is not to add words, not to miss words, and not to write by mistake. Don't lose points because of writing mistakes. We should pay attention to those homophones, which are often hot topics for proposers. We should know their sounds and understand their meanings. Pay attention to synonyms. Synonyms are one of the blind spots in test scores, which are easy to be confused and misleading. In addition, if you only need to do two small questions in the stem, you should first choose the two questions you are most sure of, and there are no uncommon and difficult-to-write and error-prone sentences. Otherwise, you will only be graded according to the first two questions, so you must read the requirements clearly when answering questions.
Question 8: What is the general form of classical Chinese content words in college entrance examination papers?
A: The examination of content words in classical Chinese is very flexible, usually in the form of objective multiple-choice questions, which are arranged in the first volume ... The main examination methods are as follows: (1) Choose one of the four options for correctly (or wrongly) interpreting punctuation marks; (2) Compare the meanings of the same word in the four options, and choose the one with the same or different meanings as the real words in the example; (3) Some words in classical Chinese in the stem examples belong to some grammatical phenomenon (such as compound words with partial meanings and flexible use of parts of speech), so it is required to find items that are consistent with this phenomenon from the options; (4) Compared with modern Chinese, find out which content words in classical Chinese have the same or different meanings with modern Chinese; (5) Investigating the understanding of key notional words through sentence translation.
Question 9: What method should be used to review the knowledge points of function words in classical Chinese?
Answer: When reviewing function words in classical Chinese, we should combine some typical examples to master the common meanings and usages of function words, especially those with high frequency, common meanings and usages. According to the tendency that the examination of function words in classical Chinese in college entrance examination tends to be inclined to the teaching material, candidates must be familiar with the meaning and usage of common function words in the teaching material, and be good at comparing and distinguishing the meaning and usage of these function words with the same function words in the test questions. At the same time, candidates should consciously cultivate their ability to judge the meaning and usage of function words according to the context.
Question 10: What are the basic requirements of the college entrance examination for screening the information in the text?
A: This test center is more difficult. Filtering the information in the text is mainly to filter the sentences related to the stem. The core of this test center is to examine the examinee's accurate understanding of the meaning of the text. The information mentioned here refers to the words, phrases and sentences in classical Chinese that meet the requirements of the topic and represent a certain meaning. Screening and integrating the information in classical Chinese reading materials can help us understand and read classical Chinese materials.
Questions about answering skills that you need to know in high-scoring Chinese 1 1: What are the specific requirements for summarizing the main points of the college entrance examination and summarizing the central meaning?
A: This test center is the focus of classical Chinese reading, which examines the analysis and comprehensive ability of candidates on the basis of understanding the meaning of the text. It requires candidates to refine and synthesize the information in the text and make a reasonable judgment on the events or reasons mentioned. Its specific requirements are: (1) The central meaning must be accurate and comprehensive; (2) To summarize the main points of the content, we must distinguish the genre of the article.
Summarizing the central meaning must be accurate and comprehensive. The so-called accuracy refers to correctly understanding the meaning of key sentences and reasonably analyzing and judging the implied or implied information. The so-called comprehensiveness means sorting out the main materials of the article, classifying, sorting out and summarizing them reasonably, and clarifying the relationship between narrative content and explanatory content or explanatory content, such as what the author is in favor of and against, and analyzing them in detail without omission.
Questions about answering skills that you need to know in high-scoring Chinese 12: What problems should you pay attention to when reviewing, analyzing and summarizing the author's views and attitudes in the text?
A: When analyzing and summarizing the author's views and attitudes in the article, we should pay attention to the following: First, read the full text to understand the general idea. When reading, pay attention to the people and things, feelings and reasons written by the author; We should pay attention to the materials chosen by the author, the narrative angle, the narrative tone, and the related comments and lyricism. The second is to check the inscriptions item by item. Compare the contents of the options with the relevant parts of the original text one by one to see if the options are consistent with the original text, and be careful not to miss important contents. The third is careful inspection and comprehensive verification.
Questions about answering skills that you need to know for high marks in Chinese 13: What are the main contents of appreciating the image, language and expression skills of literary works?
A: Appreciating the image of literary works means grasping the connotation of artistic images portrayed in literary works. Artistic image refers not only to characters, but also to images in poetry. Appreciating the connotation of these artistic images is to analyze and judge the author's thoughts, feelings and social significance contained in the works.
Appreciating the language of literary works mainly includes: analyzing the image, lyricism, implication and conciseness of the language of works, and pointing out the specific meaning expressed by the language; Analyze the rhetorical methods used in the works (metaphor, personification, exaggeration, intertextuality, pun, etc. ) and its function and effect; Analyze the language style and artistic charm of the works (such as fresh and natural, euphemistic and implicit, depressed and frustrated, etc.). ).
The expressive skills of appreciating literary works mainly include: analyzing the characteristics of works in selecting materials, arranging plots and portraying characters; Appreciate the author's flexibility and creativity in using expression skills. The expression skills commonly used in college entrance examination mainly include: scene blending, comparison, comparison, allusion application, combination of reality and reality, combination of static and dynamic, symbol and so on.
Questions about answering skills that you need to know for high marks in Chinese 14: How to appreciate the image, language and expression skills of literary works?
A: Appreciating the image of literary works, especially the image of characters, can be divided into three steps. First of all, listening to what he says and observing what he does is to understand the appearance, behavior, language and psychology of a character from his portrait description, action description, language description and psychological description. Secondly, writing ideological appraisal for characters is to grasp the character characteristics and ideological quality of characters through various descriptions of characters in works. Finally, understand the author's creative intention, and understand the meaning and function of the characters from the theme and emotional tendency of the works revealed by the author.
Appreciating the language of literary works can be considered from three angles: first, the language characteristics of sentences and the expressions used in sentences; Second, the role of this kind of writing; Third, the connotation of the sentence.
There are three levels of expressive skills in appreciating literary works, namely, rhetorical methods, expressive techniques and text structure. The general answering process is: analyze what skills are used in the article, what thoughts and feelings are expressed, and what artistic effects are achieved.
Questions about answering skills that need to be known for high marks in Chinese 15: What aspects does the evaluation of the ideological content and author's attitude of ancient poetry generally include?
A: The evaluation of the ideological content of ancient poetry and the author's viewpoint and attitude generally includes three aspects: one is the evaluation of the content and theme, the other is the evaluation of the thoughts and feelings, and the third is the evaluation of the author's viewpoint and attitude. The content and theme include the evaluation of allusions and legends, the background reality, the author's experience and ambition, and the ideological and emotional aspects include the evaluation of symbolic images and emotional tendencies.
Question 16: which sentences are more important in the text? How to understand the meaning of important sentences in the text?
A: Important sentences mainly refer to sentences that play an important role in expressing the meaning of the text. Their extensions include sentences that reveal the center of the article, sentences with rich connotations, long sentences that are difficult to understand and so on. It mainly refers to transitional sentences, the beginning or ending sentences of paragraphs, and the ending sentences in paragraphs (lyric sentences, argumentative sentences).
The understanding of sentences in the text is often closely combined with the understanding of word meaning, and some methods can also be used for reference.
(1) Start with syntax analysis. For complex simple sentences, it is necessary to distinguish the sentence trunk, clearly state the object and modify the finite elements. For complex sentences, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between clauses. In addition, we should be good at understanding the center or key point expressed by sentences with the help of sentence group relations.
(2) Starting with rhetorical analysis. To understand a sentence by rhetorical means, we should proceed from the characteristics of rhetoric itself.
(3) Accurately grasp the feelings of sentences. Literary works are often emotional, with many implications and overtones.
(4) Starting with analyzing the position of sentences in the text. This is the most basic and commonly used way to understand the sentences in the article. First of all, we should accurately judge the position of a sentence in a text or paragraph, and make it clear that it is an opening sentence, an ending sentence, a turning sentence, a central sentence, a key sentence and so on.
(5) Start with the theme. Because sentences serve the center of the article, it is a simple and easy way to understand sentences with the theme.
Question 17: how to analyze the structure of the article and grasp the idea of the article?
A: To understand an article, we must first divide it into paragraphs. With this step, we can understand the author's thinking and master the structure of the article.
(1) Distinguish styles and choose appropriate angles. Hierarchical is to classify and integrate articles in content according to certain standards. Different styles have different classification standards, such as narrative style, which can be divided according to different people or things and changes in time and space; The style of argumentative writing can be divided according to the introduction and the whole theory, and also according to the structure of argumentative writing (juxtaposition, total score and progressive hierarchy). Descriptive style should be closely related to the object of interpretation, and be divided according to its specific interpretation order, or according to time, spatial order, or the composition of things themselves, or according to the development order of events, or according to logic (from light to heavy, from simple to complex).
(2) Identify important sentences. Some sentences in the article, such as leading sentences, turning sentences, anaphoric sentences and similar sentences (including repeated sentences in the article), can often reflect the idea of the article and provide an important basis for candidates to divide the paragraph level of the article.
(3) Check and distinguish symbolic words. In some articles, symbolic words are often used to express the relationship between context and content in order to express clearly. Finding out these words and distinguishing their meanings carefully will help candidates analyze the structure of the article. Can be used as symbolic words: ① words indicating order; 2 related words; (3) referring pronouns; (4) the text within the scope of the form; ⑤ Words indicating categories. In addition, there are synonyms or synonyms that appear repeatedly in different places in the text.