(11th century BC to 6th century BC). The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: Feng (160 chapters), Ya (105 chapters), and Song (40 chapters). They all get their names from music. The meaning of "wind" is tone. The ancients called "Qin Feng", "Wei Feng" and "Zheng Feng", just like now we say Shaanxi Diao, Shanxi Diao, Henan Diao, "Ya" means Zheng. People in the Zhou Dynasty called Zhengsheng Yale, just like people in the Qing Dynasty called Kunqiang Yabu, which has a sense of respect. Daya and Xiaoya may be divided according to the chronological order. "Song" is a song used in ancestral temple ceremonies. The Book of Songs is of any age
The Book of Songs is the beginning of ancient Chinese poetry and the earliest poetry collection. It collects poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (11th century BC to 6th century BC). ***311 poems, 6 of which are Sheng poems, that is, they only have titles and no content, called the six Sheng poems (Nanmei, Baihua, Huashui, Youkang, Chongwu, and Youyi), reflecting the early Zhou Dynasty The social outlook for about 500 years to the late Zhou Dynasty. The Age of Creation of The Book of Songs
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The Book of Songs reflects the life of ancient slave society in China for more than 500 years from the early Western Zhou Dynasty (eleventh century BC) to the middle Spring and Autumn Period (sixth century BC). When did the Book of Songs come from?
The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in ancient my country, with a total collection of 500 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty (eleventh century BC) to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (sixth century BC). There were 305 poems produced during the year.
According to historical records: since the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty
"The Book of Songs" is the first collection of poems in my country, which contains five poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period. There are 311 poems written over a hundred years, also known as "Three Hundred Poems". In the pre-Qin Dynasty, it was called "Poetry", or the whole number was called "Poetry Three Hundred". It was revered as a Confucian classic during the Western Han Dynasty and was first called the Book of Songs, which is still in use today. Bible Era
The Bible is composed of 66 books (39 Old Testament, 27 New Testament), and the writing period spans 1500 years (about 1400B.C.-95A.D.); there are more than 30 authors. The above (the author of some books is unknown) has different identities, including kings (such as David), prophets (such as Jeremiah), shepherds (such as Amos), fishermen (such as Peter), and doctors (such as Luke) ...and so on; the styles are diverse, including history, biography, poetry (pieces), prose, letters, speeches, etc.; covering a wide range of geography, history, politics, and culture (Hebrew, Palestine, Egypt, Babylon, Persia, Greece, Rome); with God’s salvation (Jesus Christ) as the central theme. The Bible is a holy book about the truth of personal life and salvation. Reading the Bible is so that we can "believe" in Jesus, establish a close and beautiful relationship with Jesus, enter into God's truth, renew our life and spirit, and live in the love and grace of Jesus. , have peace and joy. If you only read the Bible through academic research, you will not be able to truly understand the Bible. Which era did The Book of Songs come from?
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The Book of Songs was written around the Spring and Autumn Period, about 2,500 years ago.
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"The Book of Songs" is a collection of poems that was produced more than 2,500 years ago, at the end of China's slave society. It is the beginning of ancient Chinese poetry and the earliest poetry collection. It collected 305 ancient poems from the 11th century BC to the 6th century BC, and 6 "Sheng Poems" with only titles but no verses, reflecting the social outlook of about 500 years from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period.
The author of "The Book of Songs" is unknown and was written around the Spring and Autumn Period. It is said that it was collected by Yin Jifu and compiled by Confucius. At first it was only called "Shi" or "Three Hundred Poems". By the Western Han Dynasty, it was revered as a Confucian classic and was called "The Book of Songs".
"The Book of Songs" is compiled into three categories: "Wind", "Ya" and "Song". "Wind" is a ballad from various places in the Zhou Dynasty; "Ya" is a formal song of the Zhou people, and is divided into "Xiaoya" and "Daya"; Song", "Song of Lu" and "Song of Shang".
The Book of Songs is rich in content, reflecting labor and love, war and corvee, oppression and resistance, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and banquets, and even celestial phenomena, landforms, animals, plants and other aspects. It is a masterpiece of the Zhou Dynasty A mirror of social life. When did the Book of Songs originate?
The following text can help you understand the organization of the Book of Songs. I personally think that this article is described in a clear and coherent manner, but the final conclusion may not be the most accurate, and the literary circle has not yet reached a consensus on this view. Personally, I still prefer to adopt the poetry theory, but I think there is still no way to verify the specific key person who unified them.
The Book of Songs, my country's earliest poetry collection, was upgraded to a national classic after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty revered Confucianism exclusively.
There are 305 poems in the book, which are composed of three parts: "Feng" (Fifteen Kingdoms), "Ya" (Xiaoya, Daya) and "Song" (Zhou Song, Lu Song, Shang Song) , arranged in an orderly manner. But who compiled these poems into books? There are still various opinions.
First, Confucius deleted poems. The credit for compiling the Book of Songs is attributed to Confucius alone. This argument originated from the Han Dynasty. "Historical Records: The Family of Confucius" records: "There are more than 3,000 poems by the ancients, as far as Confucius was concerned; the emphasis was removed, and what could be applied to etiquette and justice...Three hundred and five poems, Confucius sang them all, in order to combine them with the poems of martial arts. "Yi Wen Zhi" said: "Confucius took the poems from Zhou Dynasty, Yin Dynasty at the top, Lu at the bottom, and all 35 chapters were selected by Confucius.
However, dissenters put forward some reasons to refute: First, "Historical Records" states that Confucius deleted his poems when he was nearly seventy years old after returning to Lu from the country of self-defense. Before that, Confucius called it "The Book of Songs". It can be seen that when Confucius was young and middle-aged, the "Book of Songs" already had three hundred chapters. 2. "Zuo Zhuan: The 29th Year of Duke Xiang" records that Ji Zha, the prince of the state of Wu, was watching Zhou music in the state of Lu. The musicians first played the styles of the Fifteen Kingdoms, then Xiaoya and Daya, and finally played odes. The order and content It is basically the same as the current "Book of Songs". Confucius was only eight years old at that time, which shows that the "Book of Songs" had been finalized at that time. Third, during the Zhou Dynasty, when various vassal states had exchanges with each other, they often wrote poems to express their aspirations. For example, "Zuo Zhuan: The Fourth Year of Dinggong" records that Wu attacked Chu and Chu was defeated and almost perished. Chu general Shen Baoxu went to the Qin court to ask for reinforcements and cried bitterly for seven days and nights. Qin Aigong was deeply moved and wrote "The Book of Songs Wu Yi" ", expressing determination to rescue and restore Chu State. If the "Book of Songs" did not have a unified chapter at that time, it would be impossible to write "Poems" to express aspirations. So, who compiled the Book of Songs?
It is said that the king collects poems. The creation time of the poems in The Book of Songs extends from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period of Qin Mu Gong, which lasts for five centuries. The creation location covers almost the entire Yellow River Basin, plus the Yangtze River and Han River area, stretching thousands of miles across. How to collect many poems? As early as the Han Dynasty, the saying "the king collects poems" appeared. "Hanshu Shihuo Zhi" says: "In the month of Mengchun (the first month of the lunar calendar), the people living in groups will disperse, and pedestrians will vibrate the wooden door and stand on the road to pick up poems." Liu Xin's "Yang Xiongshu" said: "The imperial edict asked In the Three Dynasties, Zhou Dynasty and Qin Dynasty, Xuan’s messengers and Di people’s messengers patrolled the roads in the eighth month of the year to ask for idioms, nursery rhymes, and operas. They all said that the emperor appointed officials to travel all over the country to collect poems so that "the king would not leave his house." , fully aware of the sufferings of the world; without going to the hall, you can know the four directions" (He Xiu's "Gongyang Jiexe").
It is said that it was compiled by the imperial master of the Zhou Dynasty. The contemporary Zhu Zijing believes that the compilation and review power of "The Book of Songs" is likely to be in the hands of the Taishi of the Zhou Dynasty. He pointed out in "Classics" that during the Spring and Autumn Period, all countries had a group of musicians, like the opera troupes of wealthy families in later generations, and the boss was called Taishi. Envoys from various countries came and went, and they had to play music and sing at banquets. The grand masters not only collected songs from their own country, but also collected songs from other countries. In addition to the collected ballads, the grand masters also stored poems written by nobles for special events, such as ancestor worship, banquets, house completions, sending troops for hunting, etc. These can be said to be ceremonial poems. There are also satirical poems, praising beauty, etc. The dedication poems were composed by the ministers and dedicated to the emperor, and they were intended to be sung by the musicians to the emperor. They can be said to be political poems. The imperial masters stored these arias, which included more than 300 pieces of music scores and libretto, and were commonly known as "Three Hundred Poems" at that time. Musicians and imperial masters from various countries were the main contributors to the collection and compilation of the Book of Songs, but to achieve the unity of the entire compilation, it was none other than the imperial masters of the Zhou Dynasty. "Guoyu·Luyuxia" records that "Zhengkao's father was a senior official in the Song Dynasty and dedicated "Ode to Shang" to the imperial master of the Zhou Dynasty. There are only five chapters of "Ode to Shang" in the current version of the Book of Songs, and it is likely that Taishi deleted them based on twelve chapters. From this point of view, the Book of Songs should have been compiled by the imperial master of the Zhou Dynasty.