Original poem Xu 1
Yan Gexing He Xu
Author: Gao Shi
In the twenty-sixth year of Kaiyuan, a guest returned from and made a song of Yan as a consolation. I feel defensive, so I am harmonious.
The northeast border of China is shrouded in smoke and dust. In order to repel the barbaric invaders, our generals left their families.
Stride forward together, looking like heroes should watch, and received the emperor's most cordial favor.
They walked through the elm pass between the flag stones with the sound of gongs and drums.
Until their captain in Shahai gave the order with feathers, the hunting fire of the Tatar chieftain flashed along the Wolf Mountain.
The highlands and rivers on the outer border were cold and desolate, but soon the barbarians' horses ran wild in the wind and rain.
Half of us were killed at the front, but the other half are still alive, and the beautiful girls are still singing and dancing for them at the camp.
In autumn, the desert is full of grass, the sun sets, and there are only a few surviving watchmen by the lonely wall.
Serve the just cause and despise life and enemies. However, despite what they have done, Elm Street is still unsafe.
Still on the front line, the real armor was worn and beaten thin, and the wife at home was crying.
Still in this southern city, the young wife's heart is broken, while the soldiers on the northern border are looking forward to going home in vain.
The wind is blowing, and in the place of death and blue void, there is nothing ahead.
Three times a day, the dark clouds of slaughter rose over the camp. All night, the drums on the hour trembled and gave a cold rumble.
Until the white sword is seen again, spattered with red blood, when death becomes a responsibility, who will stop to think about fame?
However, when it comes to the hardships of desert war, today we will mention Li, a great general who lived a long time ago.
To annotate ...
1, Xing: The old title of Yuefu's Xiang He Ge Ci Ping Diao Qu was written by the predecessors Cao Pi, Yu Xin, and most of them were about thinking about women and husbands.
2. Doctor Zhang Gong: This refers to Zhang Shouxuan, the envoy of Youzhou. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Baifu was Guo Jiangjun and an ancient counselor in recognition of his meritorious service in fighting against Qidan. Therefore, he is arrogant and doesn't care about his soldiers. In the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), Zhang Bing was defeated by Qidan, but he concealed the defeat, lied about his exploits and bribed Niu Xiantong who was ordered to investigate. Gao Shi learned the truth from the guest and wrote this poem as a "warning".
3. Four sentences in The Han Family: In May of the 18th year of Kaiyuan (730), the Khitan and the Japanese rebelled against the Tang Dynasty. Since then, wars between the Tang Dynasty and the Qi and the Han Dynasty have continued (refer to Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Volume 2 13). General Han: It refers to General Zhang Shousheng. "Extraordinary color": abnormality gives glory.
4. "Beating drums with gold": The military sounded gold and beat drums. Guan Yu: Shanhaiguan. Wandering: continuous. Jieshi: the name of the mountain, in the north of Changli County, Hebei Province. This refers to the northeast coastal areas.
5. Feather book: an emergency military document with feathers inserted. The vast sea: the great desert. Fire hunting: a fire that rises when hunting. Langshan: The western section of the yinshan mountains lies in the middle of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In addition, the vast sea and Wolf Mountain refer to the battlefield at that time.
6. Yu Ling: Forced pressure.
7. Poor autumn: late autumn. Phil (rebuffed): Turn yellow. Sui Yu Shi Ji "Long Tou Yin" "Autumn grass flies, dust flies outside the Great Wall".
8. "Being a man": First, write that the coach is favored by the emperor and underestimates the enemy; I wrote that the soldiers struggled hard and failed to break through the encirclement of the enemy.
9. Iron clothes: refers to soldiers. Mulan Ci: Cold Light and Iron Clothes. Jade chopsticks: white chopsticks, metaphorically thinking of women's tears.
10, south of the city: south of Chang 'an, which was then a residential area for the people; Northern Hebei: Yuyang (now Jixian County, Tianjin), where Jizhou was ruled by the Tang Dynasty. Here refers to the northeast battlefield.
1 1, the border wind floats: one is floating in the border court, which describes the turbulent frontier battlefield. Absolute realm: a more distant boundary. "More": more desolate and barren.
12,3 o'clock: early, middle and late. Array cloud: War cloud. Diao Dou: Bronze used to tell the time when the army patrols at night.
13, Death Day: To die for chastity, which means national ruin.
14. General Li: It refers to Li Guang, a general of the Han Dynasty. He was good at fighting, always took the lead in the battlefield, showed mercy to soldiers, and was regarded as a model of a good general by later generations. See Historical Records Biography of General Li.
Notes on the second poem of Yan Ge Xing Xu bian;
1, Rong Yuan: viceroy, referring to my envoy Zhang Shoupi.
2. Boom-boom
3. Gold: pheasant, marching musical instrument.
4. Extreme soil: near the end of the border.
5. Hu Qi sentence: It means that the enemy is fierce, like a storm. Ping Ling: Invasion.
6. Two sentences: It means that soldiers owe money to the imperial court and often fight to the death regardless of the ferocity of the enemy, but they still fail to lift the encirclement.
7. Iron clothing: refers to the soldiers of the expeditionary force.
8. Yujin's sentence: It means that the soldier imagines his wife and will cry for the four-husband expedition; Jade tendon: an old metaphor for a woman's eyes and tears.
9. Northern Hebei: Yuyang ruled by Tang Jizhou, which is now Jixian County in Tianjin, generally refers to the northeast border.
10, Diao Dou: bronze, used in military operations.
Rhyme translation:
In the twenty-sixth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, a man who came back from the cottage with the head coach wrote a poem "Ge Yanxing" for me to read. I was deeply impressed by the frontier defense, so I wrote this song Ge Yanxing to meet him.
Smoke and dust on the northeast border cover the sky; The generals went to the front to wipe out the fierce enemy.
The hero in my mind attaches importance to Chi's defending the country on the battlefield; The son of heaven of the Korean family especially appreciates this spirit.
The team beating gongs and drums went out of Shanhaiguan; The flag covers the sky and winds along the northern seashore.
A captain sent an emergency military book from the arrogant desert; It is said that Khan burned the war to the Wolf Mountain in Inner Mongolia.
The landscape of mountains and rivers is depressed, extending to the end of the border; The enemy's invasion was as violent as wind and rain.
Soldiers fight in the front line, half dead; The general is still watching beautiful women's songs and dances in the camp.
In late autumn, the desert in the north is full of rotten grass; As dusk falls, there are fewer and fewer soldiers to fight and defend in the lonely city.
Soldiers often fight to the death because of the emperor's love, regardless of stubborn enemies; Despite efforts, the siege of Guanshan has not been lifted.
The soldiers wore armor and defended the border for a long time; The wife at home must be in tears and always sad.
Young women dare not cry at home in Chang' an; Recruiting people to look back at their hometown in vain on the northern border of Hebei Province.
If you want to go back to your hometown, you can cross the border by plane. There is only vast territory and chaos in the world.
At 3 o'clock in the morning and 3 o'clock in the afternoon, there are murderous battle clouds; The frequent fighting at night makes people shudder.
You and I look at each other, and there is blood on the snow-white combat knife; Since ancient times, loyalty has died, regardless of merit.
You didn't see those soldiers who suffered on the battlefield; I still miss General Li Guang in the Western Han Dynasty.
Comments:
Poetry laments the hardships of the expedition, denounces the pride of the generals in underestimating their enemies, and their debauchery and dereliction of duty lead to the failure of the war, which makes the soldiers suffer great pain and sacrifice, reflecting the different reality between soldiers and generals, solemnity and debauchery. Although the poem describes the border war, the focus is not on ethnic contradictions, but on satirizing and resenting the generals who have no sympathy for the soldiers. At the same time, I also wrote about the hardships of defending the country against the enemy. The theme is still vigorous, generous and tragic. The whole poem concisely describes the whole process of a war. The first eight sentences were written by the teacher, explaining the orientation and nature of the war: "Dudu, ススススススススススススススス" The soldiers risked their lives, and the generals said shamelessly, "Half of our soldiers at the front line were killed, but the other half are still alive, and beautiful girls are still dancing and singing for them in the camp." In the third paragraph, twelve sentences are about the suffering of the besieged soldiers: "Still on the front line, the armor is worn out and thin" and their bloody battle: "When death becomes a responsibility, who will stop to think about fame" and "Until the white sword can be seen again, splashing red blood." On the other hand, I also wrote about the suffering of the husband and wife after a long separation, the desolation of the frontier fortress, and the desire for a good general to lead.
The poetic momentum is smooth, the brushwork is vigorous, the atmosphere is tragic and dripping, and the theme is profound and implicit. The rhyme is even and flat, cadence and beautiful tone. It is a famous frontier fortress poem, which has been spread through the ages and is well known.