[Original]
Shout a trumpet to the emperor
Pan Wang
Horn, suona, ditty, big cavity. The official ship is in chaos, and the price increase depends on you. The army listens to the army, and so does the people.
If people are afraid, where can we tell the truth from the false? What I saw blew this house down and hurt that one. Let's blow the water away.
[Appreciation]
Author Wang Pan (1470? — 1530? ), the word hung-chien,no. West Building, was born in Gaoyou (now Gaoyou, Jiangsu). He comes from a rich family, but he doesn't like luxury or music. He is good at writing lyrics and mastering melody, and wrote Wang Xilou Yuefu. Sanqu works are beautiful and humorous, and some of them reflect unreasonable social phenomena and tragic real life in Ming Dynasty. Chanting the Horn to the Emperor is his masterpiece. The song says: Trumpet, suona, all the songs that can be played are very simple, but the volume is extremely loud and can overwhelm everything. No matter how big or small the officials are, all the official ships come and go like today's and tomorrow's buses, all of which rely on the high voice of horns and suona to raise their prices. The local officials listened, and the officials were afraid; The local civilians listened, and the people were afraid; In a daze, I don't know what is true and what is false. The trumpet suona blows every day, blowing the local official warehouse to the bottom, and the people have no food and become poor.
This Sanqu was written during the reign of Zong Zheng, Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. It truly reflected the ugly faces of eunuchs at that time, and also exposed the deep disasters they brought to the people. According to Jiang Yikui's Notes Outside Yaoshan Hall, "The eunuch temple between Zheng De and Germany is in power, and there is no empty day under the river. Every time you blow the horn, the people are unhappy. The West Building is just a "trumpet-singing" to mock it. " From here, we can see Wang Pan's intention in writing this Sanqu.
In writing, this Sanqu can be divided into three layers. Among the first six sentences, the second sentence of "Queer Xiao" captures the characteristics of "trumpet" and "suona" through the comparative description of "Xiaoer" and "Qianger", leaving a deep impression on people. "Quer" is very small and thin, but the sound can spread everywhere after being amplified by the "cavity". Here, we use the phrase "turn down the volume and enlarge the volume" to compare the eunuch's travel form, satirize the eunuch, and integrate the appearance with God. Eunuchs used to be slaves of the imperial court, and their status was originally low, but they had to rely on the emperor's favor to show off their prestige. As soon as they left the palace, they were just like Smith, putting on airs and being arrogant. Their previous negative attitude towards Nuo Nuo disappeared without a trace, and they were completely different. Ironically, "keep your voice down" can best show the shameless mode of eunuchs. The word "official ship" captures the characteristics of "chaos" and shows the ugly faces of eunuchs and cruel officials. They rampaged in the river, doing evil, like nobody's business; "As a horse" is full of words, which highlights its arrogant and barbaric modality. The more official ships there are, the more people will suffer. The phrase "the price increase is up to you" refers to the eunuch's gaffe. On the surface, "you" means "trumpet" and "suona"; In fact, it is to directly poke the feudal supreme ruler, hide but not reveal, contain but not reveal. Eunuchs are so presumptuous because they have the supreme ruler as their patron. Here, the author strongly criticized those in power and mercilessly exposed the exploitation and oppression of the people by eunuchs. Further illustrate the corruption of social atmosphere.
The middle three sentences analyze the great harm that eunuchs bring to society from two aspects: "the army" and "the people". "Sorrow" is the center of this layer. What is the "army" worried about? It turned out that in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the society was dark and eunuchs were in power. They are not only the emperor's attendants, but also the emperor's eyes and ears and eagle dogs. Therefore, eunuchs have a special position in the feudal ruling group. They are used to gossiping and turning black and white upside down. Therefore, as soon as the officers and men heard that the eunuchs were coming, they all paid tribute with trepidation, fearing that they would be caught and persecuted at the first sign of trouble. What are people worried about? The reasons are nothing more than these: withdrawal, taxation and acceptance of donations. These eunuchs "paid lip service" (Bai Juyi's "Selling Charcoal Weng") pretended to be the king's orders and bullied the people by force. At the same time, they pretend to be dignified, confident and sinister. The sentence "where" comes from the first two sentences. The harm of eunuchs makes people "surprised" and "afraid". In this way, the local ruffians and hooligans have an opportunity to confuse the real with the fake, impersonate and fish in troubled waters. This sentence is an extension and summary of the first two sentences. The author lashed out at the evil of eunuch autocracy, which made the whole society a mess and made everyone feel insecure. Powerful exposure and profound criticism.
If the author reflects the evil of eunuchs from the perspective of the whole society, then the last three sentences are written from the disasters brought by eunuchs to the working people.
"Blow up this family" is near, "Blow up that family" is far away. Combining far and near, the visible range is large and the harm is great. "Only the blown water can fly away", this sentence is from the degree of harm. There are two meanings here: first, it is a metaphor that the people's wealth has been plundered, and the people have lost everything in order to pay the grain tax. Secondly, if the "flying geese in the water" and "fishing by exhaustion" here are established, the author solemnly warns the rulers that if this is done, it will only further increase the burden on the people and arouse their resistance, and they can only lift a rock and drop it on their own feet and ask for it. In this layer, the author analyzes the disaster brought by eunuchs from two aspects: extensive and profound, satirizes the eunuchs' putting on airs along the canal and killing the people, and conveys the people's hatred of eunuchs.
Wang Qing's Blowing the Horn to the Emperor is a profound reflection. Structurally, it organizes characters around the word "blow", expresses the word "blow", writes the result of "blow", draws the figure of the ruler's minions, and spits out the people's hatred of "blow". Step by step, in an orderly way. Expressing "anger" with the voice of "music" hit the nail on the head, revealing the opposition between feudal rulers and the people and reflecting the pain and misfortune of the people. In writing, trumpets are associated with eunuchs through exaggeration and satire. "Sex is born from this, and righteousness is born from this", which makes people very happy after reading it. This Sanqu is well written, well contrasted and full of satire. It is rare in the music industry to ridicule and curse those in power like this.