But in the poet Ruan Ji's view, these two negative attitudes towards life can't transcend the brevity of life in essence. Therefore, although there are a lot of works that are worried about life, there are also works that show how to transcend the brevity of life and put forward positive opinions different from the above two attitudes towards life. These are Yong's thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth poems.
They expressed the poet's great ambition to make contributions to the world and help the people. They believed that only fame and career could shake off the ups and downs of life, and only loyalty, honesty and shame could make his name immortal and fundamentally transcend the brevity of life.
The first six sentences of the thirty-eighth "Yong Huai Yan Guang Yan Wan Li" depict a "hero" image in the poet's mind by symbolic means. The opening sentence of "Yan Guang" is magnificent, rendering an extremely broad environment, which provides an incomparably magnificent space for the following four sentences to directly describe the activities of "indomitable spirit".
This connection, like the first sentence, fell from the sky, laying the foundation for the whole poem to be swallowed up by the universe, including the momentum of eight famine. The activity of "bending the bow" to write "heroic" "Fusang" is a legendary sacred tree in the East China Sea. Xiong Jieshi hung the curved bowstring on the hibiscus tree. The phrase "long sword" means "Xiong Jieshi" inclined his long sword to the sky. Literally, this sentence was published in Song Yu's Da Yan Fu, but in fact, like the previous sentence, it depicts the extremely tall image of a "hero" in extremely exaggerated language.
This exaggeration is obviously symbolic, so it is bold, strange and dangerous. It is in harmony with the magnificent spatial description of the first two sentences, which further enhances the grandeur of this poem. The next sentence of "Mount Tai" is about the eyes of "Xiong Jieshi". Because the image of "Xiong Jieshi" is extremely tall, in his eyes, the tall Mount Tai seems to be just a grindstone, and the long Yellow River seems to be just a belt.
These two sentences were published in the "Pledge of knighthood" in the Preface to the Chronicle of Heroes of the Great Emperor Gaozu of Historical Records: "With the river as the belt, Mount Tai will be sharp (sharp). The country is Yongning, Yi and Miao. " But the oath means that the Yellow River can't be taken, Mount Tai can't be pointed, and future generations of heroes will enjoy the country forever. Ruan Ji borrowed these two sentences to give a new meaning, still to set off the image of "indomitable spirit".
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Rhetorical device
Ruan Ji also uses Tibetan words as rhetorical devices, which is consistent with his aesthetic principle of "forgetting words with pride". For example, the yellow bird flies southeast, send a message to Xie Yousheng? ? (30) In this poem, he skillfully expressed the two allusions, "Peacock flies southeast, five miles fall" and "Although you have brothers, you are not as good as friends", so that when you first read it, you can not glance at it, but try to figure it out. After repeated several times, the meaning will appear. This kind of poem, which can fully arouse readers' subjective initiative and artistic accumulation, is really beautiful!
Another example is the poem "Warriors eat chaff, sages are in Artemisia" (3 1), which contains two sentences: "Men and women are rich in meat, and scholars are tireless in chaff" and "Yuan Xian Lu Jun, the room for abstinence, and the city is in Artemisia" (Biography of Korean Poetry), which not only shows the author's sudden indignation and cynicism, but also shows it.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Yonghuai