Broken Array
Xin Qiji
Watching the sword while drunk, I dreamed of blowing the trumpet company. Eight hundred miles away, the troops under his command are burning, the sound of fifty-stringed strings turning outside the Great Wall, and the troops on the battlefield being ordered in autumn.
The horse is flying fast, and the bow is shaking like a thunderbolt. Finish the affairs of the king and the world, and win the reputation during and after death. Misfortune happens in vain.
While drunk, I turned on the oil lamp and looked at the sword. When I woke up from the dream, the horns were blown in all the connected military camps. In the military camp, large pieces of roasted beef were distributed to the subordinates, and various musical instruments played the majestic military songs of the frontier fortress. It's a crisp autumn day, and the troops are being reviewed on the battlefield.
The war horse galloped as fast as Lu, sharp arrows shot out, and the bowstrings sounded like thunder. I originally wanted to complete the king's great cause of restoring the unification of the Central Plains and win a good reputation during his lifetime and after death. It’s a pity that now my head is full of white hair!
The word begins with two couplets of two, two, and two. Through specific description, it expresses seven or eight levels of affection. The first sentence has only six words, but uses three consecutive and characteristic movements to create the image of a strong man, allowing readers to experience the "subtext" of human hands from those movements and imagine the environment in which human hands are located. . Why should we drink wine and get "drunk" from it? After being "drunk", why not sleep instead of "burning the light"? "Choose" turned on the "light", why didn't he do anything else but draw out the sword and look at it again and again in the light? As long as you read the whole word carefully, you can give the appropriate answer to this series, so there is no need to explain. "Silence is better than sound at this time." What kind of "explanation" can express the inner world of the human hand more powerfully than this wordless movement?
The action of "lifting the lamp" highlights the night scene again. When the strong man was deeply quiet and still, his thoughts were raging and he could not sleep, so he had to drink alone. After being "drunk", he still couldn't calm down, so he started "burning the lamp" and then "watching the sword". After looking over and over, I finally fell asleep. But as soon as he fell asleep, everything he had just thought about turned into a dream again. It was not stated clearly what the "dream" was about, but a new shot was quickly put on: "Dream back to the Kissing Point Company Camp". The strong man woke up from his sweet dream. It was already dawn, and the sound of horns sounded from one military camp to another. This horn sound is so charming that it inspires people to join the battle. And that strong man happened to be the general commanding these military camps. So, he jumped up, fully clothed, and wanted to turn everything he imagined in his "drunk" and "dreams" into reality.
In the third and fourth sentences, there is no need to use antithesis, and the poet also used couplets. Too many even sentences can easily appear dull; but here it is just the opposite. The two sentences, which are confrontational and extremely powerful, highlight the majestic military appearance and the high fighting mood of the generals and soldiers. "Eight hundred miles under the command, the sound of fifty strings beating outside the Great Wall": the soldiers rejoiced and ate the roast beef distributed by the general; exciting battle music was played in the army. As soon as the beef was finished, everyone formed a neat queue. The general was full of energy and high spirits, "the autumn of the battlefield". How nice is the word "Autumn"! Just when "autumn is at its peak" and horses are strong, "ordering troops" to go out for battle heralds the prospect of invincibility. According to the notation format, "Po Zhen Zi" is composed of two "pieces" with exactly the same syntax, rhythm, and rhyme. The beginning of the second piece is called "passing piece". The general way of writing is: it must be related to the previous piece, and also It is necessary to "find meaning" to show that this is another paragraph, forming a realm of "ridges breaking and clouds connecting". Xin Qiji often broke through this limitation in "Congratulations to the Bridegroom." The same is true for "Bie Maojia's Twelfth Brother", and the same is true for this song "Broken Formation". After "Autumn Soldiers on the Battlefield", the atmosphere is majestic and enters the final film. "The horses are flying fast, and the bows are like thunderbolts.": The general led the cavalry and rushed to the front line like lightning. The bowstrings thundered and thousands of arrows fired. Although there is no further description, from the galloping of the "Luma" and the loud sound of the "Thunderbolt String", it seems that we can see several consecutive scenes: the enemies fell off their horses one after another; the remaining soldiers were defeated and retreated in panic; the general took the lead and took advantage of the The chase was won, and the battle was over in an instant; triumphant songs filled the clouds, cheers moved the ground, and flags were fluttering.
This is a hospital counterattack. The general is patriotic, but he also has a reputation. Winning a battle and restoring success not only "settled the affairs of the king and the world", but also "won fame during and after life", isn't it magnificent!
If it ends here, it is really worthy of being a "strong word". However, in that era when the capitulation faction controlled the government, there was no soil for producing truly "robust poetry". What was written above was just the poet's ideal. The poet galloped his imagination and transformed into the general in the poem. He had just climbed to the peak of his ideal, and suddenly plummeted back to the cold reality. He sighed sadly: "What a pity it happened in vain!" The gray hair has appeared, but the ideal of regaining the lost ground has always been there. Unable to realize it, thinking that I have empty ambitions and "there is no battlefield to serve the country" (borrowed from Lu You's poem "Longtou Water"), I can only eat wine during sleepless nights, and "read the sword while drunk", You can only race on the battlefield in a "dream", feeling happy for a while. ~~This external environment is indeed "poor". But who can "pity" him? So, he wrote this "poem" and sent it to Chen Tongfu, who was in the same "poor" situation. Tongfu is Chen Liang's character. The scholar is Mr. Long Chuan. He is a man of great talent and has a lot of discussion. Claiming to be able to "overthrow the wisdom and courage of a generation and open up the mind of the ages", he wrote "Five Essays on Zhongxing" and "Emperor Xiaozong's Letter" and actively advocated the war of resistance, so he was attacked by the capitulationists.
In the winter of the fifteenth year of Chunxi reign of Emperor Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty (1188), he went to Shangrao to visit Xin Qiji and stayed for ten days. After the farewell, Xin Qiji wrote a poem "Congratulations to the Bridegroom" and sent it to him, and he harmonized it; later he sang it again and again using the same lyrics. The song "Broken Array" was probably written during this period.
From the meaning of the whole word, the first few sentences are one paragraph, which vividly depicts the image of a loyal and brave general, thus expressing the poet's grand ambition. The last sentence is a paragraph, expressing the sorrow and indignation of "ambitions are hard to achieve" with a sad sigh. The strong and tragic ideals and reality form a strong contrast. From this contrast, we can think of the decay of the Southern Song Dynasty court at that time, the suffering of the people, and the anguish of all patriots who had no way to serve their country. It can be seen that extremely bold words can also be written extremely implicitly, but it is just different from the implicitness of the graceful school.
There is something worth noting about the tone of this poem. The upper and lower parts of "Po Zhenzi" each have two six-character sentences, both of which are equal to each other. That is, the upper sentence is "廄廄平平廄廄" and the second sentence is "平平廄廄平平". This forms a harmonious and comfortable Xu's voice. The upper and lower pieces each have two seven-character sentences, but they are not equal to each other, but equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal equal to equal to equal equal to equal to equal equal to equal to equal to the equal to equal to equal to the equal to equal to equal to equal. Harmony and anger, relaxation and excitement form a unity of contradictions. The author makes good use of this contradictory and unified tone, accurately expressing the complex changes in the lyrical protagonist's rationale and the transformation of many scenes such as the preparation for the battle in the dream, the progress of the battle, and the victory of the battle. It has received a vivid and emotional response. artistic effect.
There is also something worth noting about the layout of this poem. The phrase "Watching a sword while drunk and burning a lamp" suddenly started, followed by dreams of smelling horns, dividing companies and camps, ordering troops on the battlefield, and defeating the enemy. Like an eagle gathering, it rises straight up in the sky, and then suddenly falls when it soars into the sky. , sighing that "poor things happened in vain", making readers have to shed tears of sympathy for the author's unfulfilled ambition.
This kind of sudden drop and sudden stop, if used well, often produces a strong artistic effect because of its surprising effect.
Li Bai wrote a poem "Looking at the Ancients in Yue Zhong": "King Gou Jian of Yue defeated the return of Wu, and the soldiers returned home with all their splendid clothes. The maids filled the Spring Palace like flowers, but now only partridges are flying!" Shen Deqian pointed out: "Three sentences say Sheng, one sentence says decline, and its style is original. "The meaning of its meaning is completely different from that of Xin Ci, but the layout is similar, you can refer to it.