Lecture notes of quatrains 1 1. Speech materials
The quatrains are the second of two ancient poems in Unit 4 of the third grade experimental textbook of compulsory education curriculum standard. The theme of this unit is to cultivate students' love for nature through the cultivation of beauty. The quatrains are a seven-character quatrains written by Du Fu, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. This poem has bright and beautiful pictures, vivid language, pleasant feelings and profound implications. It describes the beautiful spring scenery of Chengdu Caotang and expresses the poet's happy mood and yearning for peace.
Second, say the goal.
1, teaching objectives:
(1) Read ancient poetry, and understand the meanings of "Ming", "Han" and "Bo" in poetry through imagination and real life. Read and recite ancient poems with emotion.
(2) You can tell the scene described in the poem in your own words and experience the thoughts and feelings expressed by the poet.
(3) Stimulate the interest in learning and accumulating ancient poems.
2. Teaching emphasis: imagine the scene described in the poem, experience the poet's carefree mood, and read and recite the poem with emotion.
3. Teaching difficulties: understanding of the poem "A window in Xiling contains a thousand autumn snows".
Third, preach the law.
1. Learning methods: Pay attention to the concept of "student-oriented development" in the teaching of ancient poetry, so that students can actively read, taste and recite poetry, thus gaining something from the study of ancient poetry.
2. Teaching methods: I try to master the concise language of ancient poetry, inspire students to question and understand the meaning of poetry; And with the help of imagination, guide students to say poetry, taste poetry, read rhyme and feel the beauty of spring.
Fourth, talk about the teaching process
The first part: Create the situation and reveal the topic.
1, with music, enjoy the pictures of spring, and students recite ancient poems describing spring.
2. Introduction: Listening to their recitation, I seem to see green wicker and pink peach blossoms; I heard the whispers of swallows and smelled the fragrance of flowers and plants. Today, we will learn another Tang poem, which is Du Fu's quatrain. Look at how Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, described the beauty of spring in poetic language and expressed his feelings.
Design intention: Make use of the advantages of multimedia teaching and teachers' vivid language description to create teaching situations, stimulate students' strong interest in learning, and fully mobilize students' enthusiasm for learning. Teachers' enlightening conversation can narrow the distance between text content and students, so that students can enter the classroom with interest.
Part II: Understanding the significance of the poet's problem solving.
1, understand the poet.
Students introduce Du Fu, and teachers supplement.
Courseware shows a message to understand the background of the times.
In Du Fu's later years, the country put down the war and the world was finally at peace. Knowing this news, Du Fu's mood was extremely comfortable. After years of war, traffic has been restored. Seeing the ships coming and going from Wudong and thinking that I can go back to my hometown, how can I not make the poet happy? Du Fu stood at the window of the thatched cottage, facing the vibrant scene of spring, and couldn't help writing the famous sentence "Jueju".
2. Introduce the genre of quatrains.
It's the first time for me to read ancient poems.
(1) Ask students to read ancient poems aloud, and ask them to read accurate pronunciations and poems.
(2) Check reading aloud. Correct polyphonic words: stop (combine words with different sounds)
(3) Reading poetry should be clear and clear. We can read it according to the most basic reading method of the ancients: four-tone reading method, one tone and two tones can lengthen the sound; Read short with three tones and four tones.
Design intention: Understanding the background of Du Fu's poem plays an important role in guiding students to feel the mood of the poem. Ships can only sail along the Minjiang River and cross the Three Gorges, which only happens in a peaceful environment. How happy the poet was to see this scene, which laid the foundation for later understanding the meaning of the poem.
Section 3: Thinking about illustrated poems.
In this section, I imagine that teaching is closely related to the word "window" and ask students a question: What does the poet see through this "window"? Ask the students to find out in the poem, draw a picture with a straight line, and then communicate with each other.
1. Display: Two orioles singing green willows and a row of egrets flying into the sky.
Teaching this poem is divided into four levels. First find out "oriole", "green willow", "egret" and "blue sky", so that students can feel the bright colors of spring and have a beautiful picture of green and yellow in their minds.
Then at the second level, the teacher asked: Du Fu wrote spring so attractively that we really seemed to see the beautiful scenery. Put your little ears up and listen. What else did you hear? Ah, what an interesting and vivid echo! Let the students feel the delicate willows and green, which is the color of spring, and the oriole sings, which is the sound of spring.
The third level is to guide students to understand the beauty of spring. In reading aloud, I further realized that the clear sky in Wan Li is like water, and egrets fly in this fresh sky, which is not only a comfort of freedom, but also an upward struggle. At the same time, in reading aloud, we can be guided to feel the beauty of rhythm brought by the antithesis of ancient poems. The fourth level is oral practice: spring is really a beautiful picture! The poet saw _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and heard _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, ah, spring _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _!
Step 2 show it. The window contains Xiling Snow, and the Wu Dong Wan Li boated at the door.
For the teaching of this poem, I designed two steps:
The first step is to let the students read the poem by themselves and ask questions, and the teacher will answer them in time and seize these keywords.
(1) Xiling (courseware shows pictures) The autumn snow mentioned by the poet refers to the snow that has not melted in Xiling for many years. This "Qian Qiu" refers to many years. Is it really a thousand years?
② Wu Dong. It refers to the state of Wu at that time. Wu Dong and Chengdu are far away, and the journey is Wan Li. So when the poet said Wan Li ships, he meant these merchant ships that stopped on the river. Which word in the poem means stop? These merchant ships live in Sichuan and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and they have to go through many roads. Tell the students that everything here actually does not refer to quantity, but to the writing of ancient poetry, which is called empty finger.
(3) including. This is the difficulty of this class, and it is also the difficulty. It means holding and inlaying. I intend to use the method of changing words to understand. Display: There is snow in Xiling in the window. The snow in Xiling is embedded in the window, so that students can find that "you" is too general. "Embedding" is like a picture embedded in a window frame, just a static picture. And "tolerance" is lively. The snow on Xiling Mountain in early spring is like a beautiful snow scene printed on the window. Windows and scenes really have you and me. Isn't this a beautiful picture?
Step 2: Feel the poetry.
Through the window, the poet saw the snow on Xiling and the boats on the river. How does the poet feel?
What would he think? The poet was very happy, not only because he saw such beautiful scenery, but also because when the poet wrote this poem, the Tang Dynasty had just ended a war-"An Shi Rebellion", and the people lived a quiet life again. At this time, a busy merchant ship appeared in this war-torn country. As a poet who cares about the country and the people, how can Fu be unhappy?
3, the overall feeling, reproduce the picture
In a short sentence of 28 words, Du Fu painted a beautiful and vibrant spring scene for us, and let us remember what we saw and heard in our hearts again. Let's enjoy the new fun brought by the scenery in spring.
Guzheng, famous reading, teachers and students love reading.
Design intention: Vivid pictures and artistic images fully demonstrate students' unique understanding of the text content and build a platform for students' reading practice. In the process of learning, through word analysis and repeated reading, the images and pictures contained in language and words are moved in the mind. The euphemistic singing oriole, the egrets spreading their wings and flying, the unchanging snow scene for thousands of years, and the ships coming from Wan Li have left students with a vast space for free imagination and creation, which fully mobilized their imagination, perception and creativity.
The fourth set: seek expansion and accumulate more.
1, another poem by Du Fu, Jueju;
Jiangshan bathed in spring, how beautiful, flowers send flowers. Swallows are busy nesting in wet mud and sleeping in pairs on the warm beach.
2. Find Du Fu's third quatrain after class.
Design intention: Cultivating students' ability to collect and process information is one of the important abilities of Chinese subject, which is conducive to broadening students' horizons, forming good study habits, stimulating students' learning enthusiasm and satisfying students' success psychology.
3. Summary:
In this class, we enjoyed the beautiful spring scenery and felt the happy mood of spring with the poet Du Fu. Beautiful poems are not only suitable for us to recite, but also suitable for us to sing! Appreciate the song quatrains.
Design intention: The beauty of poetry is shown again in the beautiful melody. As the beautiful notes spread slowly, the students either listened carefully or hummed softly. That kind of scene and feeling has to make people feel the charm of poetry. I believe that ancient poetry is rooted in the hearts of students.
Thank you very much for giving me such an opportunity to communicate with you face to face. I hope my speech can be corrected and helped by experts and peers.
The quatrains I teach are an ancient poem in the sixth book of Chinese textbooks for nine-year compulsory education. In the second year after the Anshi Rebellion was settled, the poet Du Fu was filled with joy in the face of the vibrant scene of Chengdu Caotang, and painted a beautiful and vibrant scene. After several years of study in information technology class, students in my class can use Kingsoft to look up words, use Kingsoft to draw pictures and browse and discuss online. For online teaching, students are active in thinking, have certain self-learning ability, and like online communication and cooperative learning. With the development of ancient poetry teaching in China, students have a strong interest in ancient poetry. Below I will briefly introduce the teaching of this text from the following four aspects.
First, closely follow the Chinese curriculum standards and establish teaching objectives.
The new curriculum standard emphasizes that the purpose of Chinese education is to improve students' Chinese literacy in an all-round way and pay attention to students' all-round development and lifelong learning. Knowledge and ability, method and process, emotional attitude and values all constitute the life body of Chinese literacy, so when establishing teaching objectives, we should design from three dimensions: knowledge, ability and emotion. The teaching objectives of this lesson are:
Knowledge:
1. Learn new words and understand their meanings with Kingsoft.
2, through repeated reading, read the charm, read the feelings, and experience the artistic beauty of poetry.
3. With the help of the Internet, understand the meaning of poetry through self-study, cooperation and communication.
4. Describe the poem orally in your own language and draw it.
Ability:
1, through the network, independent cooperative learning, cultivate students' cooperative spirit.
2, through reading aloud, computer painting and other practical activities, cultivate and check students' perception, understanding and oral expression ability of language and characters.
3. Cultivate students' awareness of using modern information technology to help them learn.
Emotion: I can feel the beautiful scenery in my works and appreciate the artistic beauty of poetry. Feel the author's feelings at that time.
In the teaching goal, all knowledge is acquired by students themselves, and at the same time, students' ability and emotion are developed.
Second, according to the teaching objectives, develop teaching strategies
1, leading by passion, introducing new lessons
The vivid development of China's study of ancient poems has stimulated students' interest in learning ancient poems, and students can consciously compete to recite some widely circulated ancient poems. Before class, I always give the students a chance to show themselves, and recite the ancient poems, one by one and two by two, thus causing the students in the class to sing * * *. From a psychological point of view, students get enough rest and relaxation ten minutes after class, and it is difficult to concentrate on class after the bell rings. Reciting ancient poems before class can quickly transfer students' excitement, thus stimulating students' interest and desire to learn this ancient poem.
2, familiar with reading, feel the poetic realm.
Cultivating language sense is an important part of Chinese literacy, which emphasizes personal experience, personal sentiment and personal language literacy. "I am familiar with 300 Tang poems, and I can recite them if I can't write." My understanding of poetry is based on my experience. In teaching, I have adopted various reading methods, such as normal reading, free reading, named reading, competition reading and synchronous reading, so that every student can read incisively and vividly, make the classroom atmosphere lively, and realize the beauty of artistic conception, language and rhythm of poetry in recitation.
3, anchored questions, independent exploration
Chinese curriculum standards take "actively advocating independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods" as the basic concept of Chinese curriculum standards. Under the guidance of this concept, teachers should turn their attention to students' learning methods. Discuss and study the beauty of this poem. For example, I asked, "Everyone says this poem is beautiful. What do you think is the beauty? Please use the computer to understand the main idea of this poem. " Students use Kingsoft to look up words, form their own understanding of poetry with the help of the situation provided by the network, and then exchange discussions on the internet to further deepen their understanding. Teachers communicate with students through the internet and walking back and forth all the time.
4, understand the whole poem, painting feedback
After students learn ancient poems by themselves, they mainly tell their own understanding, and the teacher only plays the role of beading with silver thread and bridging tenon. On the basis of students' full understanding, let them start painting. After painting, let the students say why they want to paint like this. The process of speaking is a process of further understanding and consolidating poetry, which not only cultivates students' language habits, but also cultivates students' ability to understand language style and appreciate language taste.
5. Summarize and improve thinking.
The purpose of learning a text is not only to understand the content of the text, but also to guide students to understand and use the language and expression of the article. Understanding is the foundation and application is the purpose. By summarizing the beauty of poetry, students can improve their thinking, train their perceptual ability and oral expression ability, and make Chinese classroom a place for various Chinese practice activities.
Third, relying on the network environment to create the teaching characteristics of this course.
It fully embodies the teaching structure of "1" and "leading-subject".
In the whole teaching activity, teachers and students have an equal relationship. Only by establishing this concept can the classroom be filled with a democratic and harmonious atmosphere, students' subjective initiative can be fully exerted, and positive learning factors can be mobilized. Teachers may put more energy into resource preparation and teaching design before class. In learning activities, teachers are only organizers and guides.
2. Self-determination, cooperation and inquiry learning methods are fully reflected.
Students are the real masters of learning. In the whole learning activity, I created a learning activity for students to explore independently, so that each student can decide his own exploration direction and choose his own learning method around the exploration problem, and explore freely and openly with his own way of thinking. On the basis of exploration, he can exchange independent views, show his own thinking methods and processes, and then discuss, analyze and communicate with each other, and give feedback in the communication, so that his understanding will be richer and more comprehensive, and finally form * *.
3. Students' Chinese practical ability is fully reflected.
Curriculum standards point out: in the teaching process, we should strengthen students' independent Chinese practice activities, guide students to actively acquire knowledge and form abilities in practice, and avoid tedious analysis and trivial mechanical exercises. In this class, students' independent inquiry activities can fully reflect their practical ability. They not only learn knowledge easily, but also train their thinking, perception and oral expression skills in various learning and practical activities such as listening, reading, speaking, drawing, writing and taking notes. Through teaching practice, I fully realize that Chinese practice is not only a way to cultivate Chinese ability, but also an important channel to enrich students' inner feelings.
Fourth, the role of information technology in teaching
In this course, information technology and Chinese teaching are fully integrated. It establishes a platform for learning activities, integrates information technology into the teaching objectives, media information, teaching objects, learning methods, students' ability development and other elements in the teaching process, and promotes the transformation of teaching concepts, learning methods and the roles of teachers and students.
1, realizing teacher-student interaction and multi-directional feedback.
Online classroom provides a relatively independent learning space for each student. Through various monitoring and interactive means, multi-dimensional information feedback between teachers and students is realized, which is beneficial for teachers to quickly and accurately grasp the learning situation, adjust teaching, and help students understand each other's learning situation, learn from each other's strengths and improve learning efficiency.
2. Cultivate students' self-study ability
This lesson allows students to "learn independently" by using network resources under the computer network environment, fully mobilize students' internal motivation, and let students actively explore and cooperate to realize themselves. Give full play to their subjective initiative, tap their potential and improve their self-study ability.
3. Establish the concept that information technology can help solve problems.
In this class, students use Kingsoft to learn new words; With the help of the internet, we can understand poetry through self-study, cooperation and communication; Through painting, I feel the realm of poetry and poetry. Students naturally use information technology to achieve their learning goals. In this process, students' ability to collect, master and use information has also been improved.
The above is my superficial understanding of the teaching of this ancient poem "Jueju", and everyone is welcome to criticize and correct me.
Thank you!
Teaching objectives of quatrains handout III
1, lead students to review some basic knowledge they have learned, quatrains (Du Fu). (Mainly literary style, Tang Dynasty poets and their styles)
2. Master Du Fu's life and understand his emotional orientation.
3. The basic point of learning and mastering poetry appreciation is to learn to grasp the author's feelings from the verbs and adjectives of a poem and understand the author's creative intention.
4. Understand the writing of "love in the scene".
Teaching analysis
1, teaching content analysis
In recent years, although "Examination Notes" defines the requirements of poetry appreciation as a "preliminary" appreciation of the image, language, expression skills and ideological content of poetry, in the actual examination, the score rate of poetry appreciation questions has been low. Therefore, the preparation strategies for poetry appreciation over the years often emphasize guiding students to carefully distinguish the types of questions, clarify the common wrong ways and master certain problem-solving skills. However, in the college entrance examination in 2002, students' poetry appreciation ability was tested in the form of subjective expression. This change of proposition mode increases the difficulty of poetry appreciation to a certain extent, forcing us to adopt new strategies in the teaching and preparation of poetry appreciation.
According to the examination instructions, we have a preliminary understanding of the proposition trend of poetry appreciation in 2003: the selection of materials should be simple and popular, the image, language and expression skills of the works should be appreciated from the perspective of topic setting, and the ideological content of the works should be evaluated, so that candidates can give full play to their conclusions. Therefore, the tutorial course of poetry appreciation in the college entrance examination is mainly designed around the requirements of "exam instructions" to let students master the basic points of poetry appreciation.
2. Analysis of students' situation
In order to not only reflect the "preliminary appreciation" requirements put forward by the proposer in the exam instructions, but also achieve an ideal state in the distinction of topics, the materials for selecting poems in the college entrance examination should be relatively simple and easy for students to understand. After a round of training, students have a basic understanding of the propositional form of subjective questions in poetry, but their ability to truly understand the ideological content of poetry and master relevant expression skills and specific poetry keywords needs to be improved. Therefore, the design of this lesson focuses on cultivating students to grasp key words and obtain the poet's emotional information.
3. Analysis of teaching methods
In view of students' weak cultural background and poor poetic thinking ability, this course uses the advantages of multimedia teaching such as intuition and visualization to create a poetic atmosphere and mobilize students' emotions. This course follows the teaching principle of teacher-oriented and student-centered, and enlivens the classroom atmosphere through interactive forms such as teacher's guidance, inspiration, summary and students' reading analysis, so as to improve students' poetry appreciation ability.
Teaching focus
1, Du Fu's life and emotional orientation.
2. Grasp the poet's emotion through verbs and adjectives, and analyze the poetry content.
3. Understand and master the writing method of "feeling in the scene".
teaching process
I. Introduction
Enter the Tang poetry with literary styles (Tang poetry, Song ci, Yuanqu, Ming and Qing novels), and review several common literary styles in the history of China literature.
Second, understand Du Fu's life and grasp his emotional orientation.
1, life profile
Du Fu, who has a beautiful word, often calls himself a young and wild old man in his poems. Originally from Xiangyang, he is a scholar, wandering around. After living in Chang 'an. The Anshi rebellion, however, fled to Fengxiang, an audience with Su Zong, and the official went to the left. After the recovery of Chang 'an, he returned to Beijing with Su Zong and soon abandoned his official position. He moved to Chengdu and built a thatched cottage on Huanhuaxi, named Huanhuacaotang. He once served as a staff officer in Jiannan, our ambassador to Yanwu, and was a foreign minister of the school department. In his later years, he took his family out of Shu and died on the way. His poems show the historical process from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, which is called "the history of poetry". He is good at ancient customs and rhythmic poems, and his styles are diverse, but he is mainly depressed. This is Du Gongbu.
2. Appreciate Du Fu's patriotic feelings through two poems.
3. Introduction of quatrains
Third, explain quatrains.
(1) Appreciate the feelings reflected by the author in his poems through intuitive observation and reading aloud.
(B) through the analysis of key words in poetry to understand the author's feelings, so that students can understand the main points of poetry appreciation.