1. The second couplet describes that the protagonist lives a leisurely life as a hermit in the mountains and forests, neighboring farmland and vegetable gardens. The third couplet describes the protagonist's life in seclusion. He goes to plow the land and weed under the dew in the early morning; occasionally he goes on a small boat and indulges in the mountains and rivers, and does not return until dark. This poem creates an image of a worried and angry person who pretends to be broad-minded, pretends to be leisurely, and lives alone.
2． On the surface, this poem is about the leisure life of living in a creek, but there is loneliness and sadness hidden between the lines. The first two sentences are thought-provoking. The poet writes with a negative meaning, thinking that he has been "tired" by being an official for a long time, and this time he was demoted to Yongzhou as a "lucky", which contains a sad and bitter smile. The two sentences "Xianyi" and "Occasionally like" not only emphasize leisure but also show that he does not really have the indifference and leisure of a hermit. The last two sentences seem to be free and easy, but in fact they are lonely and lonely, revealing the poet's unfair feeling of forcing himself to be leisurely.