(Twenty-nine years of "xianggong")
Notes on the title or background of a book.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Yue people lost their tattoos and were regarded as barbarians by the governors of the Central Plains. Ji Zha's mission to the vassal states of the Central Plains attracted much attention because of his profound attainments in rites and music and great personality charm.
original text
When Wu Gongzi came to hire him, he saw his uncle Mu Zi and told him. Mu Zi said, "Zi Qi can't die [208]? Too good to choose. I heard that' a gentleman's business lies in selecting people'. My son is Lu. He was allowed to do a great thing, but he unexpectedly came back to life [209]. Why is it worth it? Disaster is bound to happen! "
To annotate ...
[208] Don't die a natural death: that is, don't die a natural death.
[209] careless mention: careless about pulling people.
translate
Zagreb, the son of Wu, came to Lu to ask questions. When he met his uncle Mu Zi, he liked him very much. He said to Muzi, "I'm afraid you won't come to a good end. I prefer kindness to sages. It is said that a gentleman should devote himself to selecting talents. How can you stand being a Zong Qing of Lu, presiding over state affairs, and accidentally pulling good people out? Disaster is bound to befall you.
original text
Please pay attention to Zhou Le [2 10]. The songs "Nan Zhou" and "Calling the South" [2 1 1] say, "How beautiful! The basic start [2 12] is still not enough. Diligent without complaining [2 13]. " For the songs "Bi", "Bi" and "Wei", I said, "Beautiful and profound! He who is worried but not sleepy is also. I heard that the virtue of Wei Kangshu and Wu Gong is like this. Is it their Feng Wei? " Regarding the song "The King", he said, "How beautiful! What is a week if you think without fear? " Song was "Zheng" and said, "Beautiful! Very detailed [2 14], the people deserve it, and the first one dies! " Regarding the song "Qi", he said, "How beautiful! Great [2 15]! The wind is strong, too! Those who represent the East China Sea, the Grand Duke is almost [2 16]! The country is immeasurable. " For the song "Song", I said, "Beautiful! Danghu [2 17]! Music without lewdness, Duke of Zhou He Dong [2 18]? " Regarding the song Qin, he said, "This is called the voice of summer. Husband can be big in summer, so big. Are you old? " Song called it "Wei" and said, "Beautiful! Rivers and lakes [2 19]! Great and graceful, dangerous and easy [220], supplemented by virtue, the Lord is also clear. " For the song "Tang", he said, "Think deeply! Are there any survivors of the Tao Tang family [22 1]? Otherwise, why worry? Who can do it after Fei Lingde [222]? " Regarding the song "Chen", he said: "How long can the country last without the owner?" Since the "Yi", there is no ridicule [223].
To annotate ...
[2 10]: the music and dance of the Zhou royal family.
Gong: Yes. Nan Zhou and Zhao Nan: Two Styles of the Fifteen Countries in the Book of Songs. The following are poems of various countries in the national style.
[2 12] Start laying the foundation.
[2 13] Diligence: Diligence, Diligence. Resentment: resentment.
[2 14] Fine: trivial. Music is used here to symbolize government orders.
[2 15] great: grand debut.
[2 16] stands for the East China Sea: Set an example for the East China Sea vassal states. Dagong: Taigong, that is, Jiang Taigong.
[2 17] Swing: Wide appearance.
[2 18] Zhou Gongdong: refers to Zhou Gongdong's crusade.
[2 19] Bang Bang (fàn): light floating.
[220] Risk: Uneven refers to the change of music.
[22 1] Tao: it refers to Diyao. The State of Jin is the hometown of Tao Tang.
[222] Houlingde: Descendants of sages refer to descendants of Tao Tang.
[223] ridicule: criticism.
translate
Son, we ask to see the music and dance of the Zhou Dynasty. Lu asked musicians to sing and sing for him. Ji Li said, "Beautiful! The foundation stone of enlightenment has been laid, but it has not been completed. However, the people have worked hard and have no resentment. " Musicians sang Gao Feng, Yongfeng and Feng Wei for him. Ji Li said: "Beautiful, how profound! Although I am worried, I am not embarrassed. I heard that Kang Shu and martial arts of Wei were such virtues. This is probably Feng Wei! " The musician sang Feng Wang for him. Ji Zha said, "Beautiful! There is worry but no fear. This is probably the music song after Shi Zhou moved eastward! " The musicians sang Zheng Feng for him. Ji Zha said, "Beautiful! But it's too cumbersome for ordinary people to bear. This will probably be the first to die. " The musician sang Wind for him. Ji Li said: "Beautiful, grand and far-reaching, this is the joy of a big country!" Probably the country of the squire can set an example for the countries in the East China Sea. National luck is really a must! "Musicians sang" South Wind "for him. Ji Zha said, "Beautiful, broad and open! Happy but not indulgent, it may be the music song of the Duke of Zhou Crusade! " The musician sang Qin Feng for him. Ji Li said, "This song is called Zheng Sheng. Can make the right sound, natural and grand, grand to the extreme. This may be the music of Zhou's hometown! " The musician sang Feng Wei for him. Ji Li said, "Beautiful, floating lightly! Rough and indirect, twists and turns are easy to flow, and with virtue, you can become a wise monarch. " The musician sang the Tang style for him. Ji Li said, "Think deeply! There may be Tao Tang believers here! If not, why are you so worried? Who can do this if they are not descendants of sages? "The musician sang Martin for him. Ji Zha said, "Can a country last without a master? "Ji Li won't comment on whether he sang the following music songs.
original text
For the song "Xiaoya", I said, "It's beautiful! Think without thinking, complain without saying anything, is it the decline of Zhou De? There are still followers of the late king [224]. " For the song "Daya", he said: "Guang! Xi Hu [225]! What is the virtue of Wen Wang? "
For the song Ode, he said, "It's the best! Straight and indecent [226], bent and unyielding; You don't push, you don't carry [227]; Move without lewdness, be happy and tireless; Worry without worry, be happy without waste [228]; Use without stopping, widely publicized [229]; Pay without cost, take without greed; Do it bottomless [230] and do it without flowing. The five tones are harmonious [23 1], the eight winds are even [232], the solar terms are moderate [233] and orderly [234]. "
To annotate ...
[224] Former kings: refer to the kings of the Zhou Dynasty, such as Wen, Wu, Cheng and Kang.
[225] Xixi: the appearance of harmony with beauty.
[226] Hey: arrogance.
[227] Carry: Free.
[228] shortage: excessive.
[229] Xuan: Reveal.
[230] bottom: pause, stagnation.
[23 1] Five tones: refers to palace, business, angle, micro and feather. Harmony: Harmony.
[232] Eight Winds: refers to eight musical instruments: gold, stone, silk, bamboo, Chinese, earth, leather and books.
[233] Section: Beat. Degree: scale.
[234] Keep order: There is a certain order in the performance of musical instruments.
translate
The musician sang Xiaoya for Ji Zha. Ji Li said, "Beautiful! Worrying without being half-hearted, complaining without saying anything, this is probably the music song of the decline of Zhou Dynasty's moral administration, right? There are also adherents of the late king! " Musicians sang "Daya" for him. Ji Li said, "It's too big! Musicians sang carols for him. Ji Zha said, "Great! Integrity but not arrogance, compromise but not greasy, sadness but not sadness, joy but not debauchery, utilization but not lack, broadness but not publicity, giving without loss, accepting without greed, maintaining without stagnation, and being popular without flooding. Five-tone harmony and eight-tone coordination; The beat is measured and the instruments are in order. This is the character of a virtuous person! "
original text
Seeing the dance "Elephant Hairpin" and "Nanxun" [235], he said, "Beauty! I still regret it. " Seeing the dancer [236], he said, "Beautiful! Zhou Zhisheng also, if it is! " See dancer Shao Lian [237] saying, "A saint is magnificent, but he still has shame [238]. It is hard for a saint." Seeing the dancer in Summer [239], he said, "Beautiful! Diligence without virtue [240], who can repair it without repairing it in [24 1]? " Seeing the dancer [242], he said, "What a great virtue! Big! If there is nothing in the sky [243], if there is nothing in the earth, though it is extremely virtuous, its contempt is added to it [244]. Stop looking [245]! If he is happy, I dare not invite myself! "
To annotate ...
[235] "Xiang Chai": The name of dance, martial dance. Yuè: The name of dance, Wenwu.
[236] "Da Wu": Zhou Wuwang's music and dance.
[237]' Shao Yun (below)': Tang Yin's joy.
[238] Shame: regret, regret.
[239] Hero: Yu Xia's music and dance.
[240] No virtue: Don't boast of your own merits.
[24 1] amendment: left.
[242]' Shao Zan': Yu Shun's music and dance.
[243] You (D. O): Cover.
[244] Disdain: No, no.
[245] Observation: It has reached its zenith.
translate
Ji Zha said: "It's beautiful, but there is still a fly in the ointment!" Seeing the dance "Da Wu", I said, "Beautiful, it was probably like this when the Zhou Dynasty flourished." Seeing the dance "Little Lotus", he said: "The sage is so great, but there are still some shortcomings. It seems that it is not easy to be a saint! " When I saw the dance "Big Summer", I said, "How beautiful! Diligence is not self-righteous Except Yu Xia, who can do such music and dance! " Seeing the dance "Shaozan", he said: "Virtue has reached its peak! Great, it's like the sky is covered, it's like the earth is contained Although it is more than Dade Bank, I'm afraid it can't surpass this. It's finished! If there are other music and dances, I dare not ask to see them again! "
Comment and analysis
Ji Zha, a native of the State of Wu in the Zhou Dynasty, was also called "Yan Ji Ling Zi" because he was sealed in Yanling area. Later, it was sealed as a state, saying, "Yanzhou comes to the season." His ancestor was Taibo of the Zhou Dynasty, and he was once praised as a "virtuous man" by Confucius. Taibo was originally the heir to the throne of the Zhou Dynasty, but his father, Tai Wang, intended to pass it on to his youngest son, Ji Li, and his grandson. So Taibo voluntarily gave up the throne, fled to a barren and savage land in the name of collecting herbs, and established the State of Wu.
Several generations later, Wang Shoumeng of the State of Wu succeeded to the throne. Ji Zha, the youngest of his four sons, is the most virtuous, so Shou Meng has always wanted to pass the throne to him. Ji Zha's brothers also loved him very much, and thought that Ji Zha's virtue and talent were the best candidates to succeed to the throne, so they all rushed to support him. But Ji Zha refused to accept the throne and insisted on passing it on to his brother.
Zhu Fan, his younger brother, felt that his virtue was far inferior to that of Ji Zha, and wanted to entrust him with the important task of governing the country, but Ji Zha politely declined. Ji Zha's kindness touched the people of Wu, who, like holding the stars of the moon, were determined to support Ji Zha as king. As a last resort, he retired to the mountains and rivers to show his lofty aspirations and completely dismissed the idea of Wu people.
This article describes that Wu was sent to see Lu. In Lu, Ji Zha heard the magnificent scene of Zhou Le. With meticulous sensibility and excellent knowledge, Ji Zha analyzed the profound meaning of the teaching of rites and music and the rise and fall of the Zhou Dynasty, which surprised everyone.