After a heavy rain, I was in Wangchuan's cabin.
Wang Wei
It's raining in the Woods, and then it's slow to smoke. Steamed quinoa and boiled millet in Xiangdong? .
An egret flies over the quiet swamp, and mango birds sing in the trees in midsummer.
I learned to watch the morning glory in the mountains calmly and eat sunflower seeds with dew under the pine branches.
Why should I scare seagulls, even if I think about it, by giving the honorary position to any clown? ?
Wangchuanzhuang, located in the middle of Zhong Nanshan Mountain in Lantian, Shaanxi Province, is the place where Wang Wei lives in seclusion. "Biography of Wang Wei in Old Tang Dynasty" records: "All Uighur brothers worship Buddha, live on vegetables and don't eat meat. Grow up fast in your later years and don't wear clothes. " In these seven laws, the poet described his quiet and elegant Zen life with the quiet and beautiful pastoral scenery of Wangchuan, and created a kind of artistic conception of harmony between things and me.
"There is rain in the forest, and there is smoke from the kitchen. Steamed quinoa cooks millet in Xiangdong? . "The first couplet describing Tian's life is what the poet saw on the mountain: it was the rainy season, the sky was wet, the air was moist, the smoke rose slowly over the quiet jungle, and the farmers at the foot of the mountain were cooking. A woman's house steamed quinoa and boiled millet, and brought the dishes to the east? -Tiantou in the east, where men go to work early in the morning. As far as the poet can see, he first wrote the fireworks in the empty forest. The word "night" not only vividly described the smoke in the kitchen on rainy days, but also revealed the poet's leisurely mood. Then, we write about cooking in the morning, paying farm money and even having a picnic in the field, showing a series of pictures of people's activities, which are orderly and full of life breath, making people want to see the happy mood of farmer Fu Tian.
The natural scenery written by Zhuan Xu is also the result of the poet's meditation: "An egret flies over the quiet wetland, and mango birds sing in the trees in midsummer." You see, in the vast and empty flat land full of stagnant water, egrets take off, and their posture is so quiet and chic; Listen, far and near, in the beautiful forest, orioles are singing to each other, and their voices are so sweet and happy. In the summer of Wangchuan, birds are flying, and the poet only chooses orioles and egrets with different shapes and habits to describe them in connection with their respective backgrounds: snow-white egrets and golden orioles have different colors in vision; Egrets fly, orioles sing, one takes dynamics, the other takes sound; Desert, describing the wide distribution of paddy fields and broad vision; The sky is cloudy, the summer trees are dense and the realm is deep. These two scenes set off each other and cooperate with each other, making the rainy weather in Wangchuan, Shan Ye picturesque. The so-called "painting in poetry" is a good example.
Li Zhao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, sneered at Wang Wei's "easy-to-get articles and good sentences" (in the national history supplement) because he saw Li Jia's poem that fishing focused on "egrets flying in paddy fields and orioles singing in summer". Hu Yinglin, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, advised him: "When the Tang Dynasty flourished, you can arrest the Tang Dynasty and arrest those who stole it in advance." ? This is Jia Zheng's fishing poem. "("Poetry, Internal Compilation "Volume 5) Accordingly, it is hard to say who copied the poems of the same period and later. But from an artistic point of view, their poems are still competitive. Ye Mengde, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said, "Adding the words" desert "and" Yin Yin "to these two sentences is a kind of embellishment of beauty, so as to see its own beauty. For example, Li Guangbi gave orders to the Guo Ziyi army, which was wonderful several times. " "Mo Mo" has a broad meaning, while "Yin Yin" has a profound meaning. "Mo Mo Paddy Field", "Yin Ying Xia Mu" and "Paddy Field" and "Xia Mu" are in the same breath, and the picture is open and profound, full of sense of realm, rendering a vague and confused tone and atmosphere of rainy weather.
If the carefree working life of farmers written in the first couplet aroused the poet's strong interest and admiration, then the poet would be more intoxicated with the free flight of orioles and egrets. Moreover, in these two couplets, the activities of characters and natural scenery are not simple imitations of objective things, but have been induced and filtered by the poet's mind, with distinct subjective colors and reflecting the poet's personality. For Wang Wei, "Time goes by, but it gives me peace and relief from all kinds of affairs", being in this idyllic Wangchuan Villa is really a happy place, which can't help but make him feel endless fun. The following two couplets express the poet's joy of seclusion in the mountains.
"I learned to watch the morning glory in the mountains calmly and eat sunflower seeds with dew under the pine branches." The poet lived alone in an empty mountain, lived in seclusion under a pine forest, and realized that life was short by participating in hibiscus, and picked sunflower for fasting. This feeling, in the eyes of ordinary people, is too lonely? However, poets who have long been tired of the hustle and bustle of the world have taken great interest in it. Compared with vanity fair, which has always been disturbing and derailed, what a world this is!
Why should I scare seagulls, even if I think about it, by giving the honorary position to any clown? ? Wilder always calls himself a poet. The poet happily declared: I have already gone to the machine, and I have never thought of vulgarity. I am out of my destiny and I have no problems with others. Who else will doubt me for no reason? Ordinary people can almost avoid worldly troubles and indulge in the joy of the mountains. "Zhuangzi Miscellaneous Fables" contains: Yang Zhu went to learn Taoism from Laozi, and the innkeeper greeted him on the way, and all the guests gave up their seats; After coming back from school, tourists no longer give up their seats, but "compete for seats" with him, which shows that Yang Zhu has gained the way of nature and is no longer separated from others. Liezi Huangdi contains: there are people near gulls at sea, and they don't suspect each other. One day, his father asked him to take the seagulls home. When he went to the seaside again, the seagulls flew far away, and his intimate relationship with them was destroyed by his ulterior motives. These two allusions, which are full of colors of Laozi and Zhuangzi, combine into one, expressing the poet's mood, which is the result of writing Zhai Qing and Xi Jing on the first part of the League.
This seven laws, vivid in image and profound in meaning, shows the poet's leisure in seclusion in the mountains and away from the secular world, and is the representative work of Wang Wei's pastoral poems. Once upon a time, some people regarded it as the culmination of the seven laws of the whole Tang Dynasty, saying that it was the acme of "empty the past and accurate the present", which was of course caused by the eccentricity of feudal literati. However, some people think that "elegance and tranquility are better than swimming into" Accumulated Rain ",and it is good to appreciate the profound artistic conception and superb style of this poem.