Wang Changling (698-756), courtesy name Shaobo, was of Han nationality and was a native of Jinyang, Hedong (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), and also said to be a native of Jingzhao Chang'an (now Xi'an). A famous frontier poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, he was known as the "Seven Masters" by later generations. He was poor and humble in his early years and was trapped in farming. As he grew older, he became a Jinshi. He first served as secretary and provincial school secretary. He also became a erudite scholar and was awarded the rank of Sishui Lieutenant. He was demoted to Lingnan due to affairs. He had close friendships with Li Bai, Gao Shi, Wang Wei, Wang Zhihuan, Cen Shen, etc. At the end of Kaiyuan, he returned to Chang'an and was granted the title of Jiang Ningcheng. He was slandered and relegated to Long Biaowei. An Shi rebellion broke out and he was killed by Lu Qiu Xiao, the governor. His poems are famous for his seven unique poems, especially the frontier fortress poems he wrote when he went to the northwest frontier fortress before ascending to the imperial throne. He is known as the "poet master Wang Jiangning". Wang Changling's poems are dense and clear in thought. He is as famous as Gao Shi and Wang Zhihuan. He was called Wang Jiangning at that time. There are six volumes collected, and four volumes of poems are compiled now.
He was born in about the first year of Wu Zetian's holy calendar (698) and died in about the fifteenth year of Xuanzong Tianbao (756). He was poor and humble in his early years and was trapped in farming. As he grew older, he became a Jinshi. He first served as secretary and provincial school secretary. He also became a erudite scholar and was awarded the rank of Sishui Lieutenant. He was demoted to Lingnan due to affairs. At the end of Kaiyuan, he returned to Chang'an and was granted the title of Jiang Ningcheng. He was slandered and relegated to Long Biaowei. An Shi rebellion broke out and he was killed by Lu Qiu Xiao, the governor. His poems are famous for his Qijue, especially the frontier fortress poems he wrote when he went to the northwest frontier fortress before ascending to the throne. His frontier fortress poems are powerful, high-spirited and full of positive spirit. Known as Wang Longbiao in the world, he is also known as "Wang Jiangning, the Poet Emperor". He has more than 170 poems in existence, and his works include "Collection of Wang Changling".
Wang Changling’s birthplace is said to be Taiyuan or Jingzhao. "Old Tang Book" originally said that King Yun Changling was from Jingzhao (i.e. Chang'an, the capital of Tang Dynasty, today's Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province), probably because he said in the poem "Farewell to Lipu's Capital": "My hometown is now in the west of Baling", and There is also the work "Ba Shang Leisurely". However, "New Tang Book Wenyuan Biography" says that he was from Jiangning, which may be a misunderstanding. Yin Fan's "Heyue Yingling Collection" is also known as "Taiyuan Wang Changling". Many Shanxi poets in the Tang Dynasty traveled frequently to Luoyang and Chang'an because they were the cultural centers at that time, and some even lived in the capital for many years. We cannot say that they are from the capital just because they lived in the capital. "Heyue Yingling Collection" is a collection of Tang poems compiled by Yin Fan of the Tang Dynasty. It is stated that Wang Changling was from Taiyuan. "The Biography of Talented Scholars of the Tang Dynasty" also believes that Wang Changling was from Taiyuan.
Wang Changling came from a relatively poor family. In the 15th year of Kaiyuan, he passed the imperial examination and was awarded the title of Secretary Provincial School Secretary (Guan Bin Shuiwei Xiaoshu Lang). He was later demoted to Longbiao Wei and was known as "Wang Longbiao" in the world. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Wang Changling chose the erudite and macroci subject, which was outstanding among others, so he was changed to the rank of Wei of Sishui County and then to the position of Jiangning Cheng.
In the twenty-eighth year of Kaiyuan (740), Wang Changling returned to the north, visited Xiangyang, and visited the famous poet Meng Haoran. Meng Haoran suffered from gangrene and was about to recover. The two were very happy after meeting. Meng Haoran suffered a recurrence of gangrene after eating some seafood and died from it. During this period, Wang Changling met the great poet Li Bai and wrote "Baling Sends Li Shi to Li Shi". 2" poem, and "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Long Biaoyuan sent this message". It was a great pleasure for Wang Changling to meet the first-class poets at that time, such as Meng Haoran and Li Bai. Unfortunately, the first meeting with Meng Haoran ended in eternal farewell, and the meeting with Li Bai was on the way to demotion. At that time, Li Bai was exiled Yelang. In the winter of the twenty-eighth year of Kaiyuan (740), Wang Changling left Beijing to serve as the Prime Minister of Jiangning. At this time, he had already met the famous poet Cen Shen. Cen Shen wrote a poem "Send Wang Dachangling to Jiangning", and Wang Changling also wrote a poem to leave him farewell. When passing through Luoyang, I had an outing with poets such as Qi Wuqian and Li Qi, and they all left poems.
Wang Changling was a great poet of his generation, but very little information has been handed down. In addition to being demoted to Lingnan as mentioned above, he was also demoted. The specific time and reason are not clear. Some people think that he was demoted in the sixth year of Tianbao. "The Biography of Zhan Caizi" said that he "did not pay attention to details during the night, and the slander and discussion were boiling, and he wandered into the wild". "Heyue Yingling Collection" said that he "experienced the wilderness again", and the original biography of "Old Book of Tang Dynasty" also said that he "did not protect his meticulous conduct and was often criticized" and was demoted to Long Biaowei. But later, he could not keep even such a small position as Long Biaowei, so he left his post and went back to Bozhou, where he was killed by the governor Lu Qiuxiao. "The Biography of Talented Scholars of the Tang Dynasty" records: Wang Changling "returned to his hometown at the time of sword fire, and was killed because of the jealousy of the governor Lu Qiu Xiao. Later Zhang Hao marched to Henan, and during the Xiao Yan period, he killed him, resigned to be close to the old man, and begged for forgiveness. Hao said: "Who does Wang Changling want to marry?" Xiaoda gradually became depressed. Zhang Hao, who had always been sympathetic to the poet, finally avenged Wang Changling.
Wang Changling was a famous poet in the poetry circle of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was so famous at that time that he was called "Wang Changling, the Master of Poets". Because the name of the poem was written early, he had many friendships with famous poets at that time and had deep friendships. In addition to the friendships with Li Bai and Meng Haoran mentioned above, he also had friendships with Gao Shi, Qi Wuqian, Li Qi, Cen Can, Wang Zhihuan, and Wang Wei. , Chu Guangxi, Chang Jian, etc. all have friendships. Because he was demoted several times, he lived in the remote Lingnan and western Hunan, and also traveled to the more economically developed Central Plains and southeastern regions. He also traveled to the northwest frontier, and may even have been to Suiye (in today's Kyrgyzstan). Because he has rich life experience and extensive contacts, it is of great benefit to his poetry creation. Wang Changling was good at seven-character quatrains and was called the Seven-Character Master by later generations. For example, the poem "Crossing the Fortress": "The Qin Dynasty was a bright moon and the Han Dynasty was a pass, and the people who marched thousands of miles have not yet returned. But the flying generals of the Dragon City are here, and they do not teach Hu Ma to cross the Yin Mountains." Lamenting the incompetence of the guard general, the artistic conception is broad, the emotions are deep, and there are stories that span the past and the present. The spirit of the poem is indeed a treasure in ancient poetry, and is known as the masterpiece of the seven unique works of the Tang Dynasty. Another example is "Joining the Army", etc., which are also popular masterpieces.
"Chang Xin Qiu Ci" and "Xi Gong Spring Resentment", which reflect the misfortunes of the palace maids, have a sad style and outstanding artistic conception. "Brother's Resentment" and "Lotus Plucking Song", etc., which express the feelings of missing a wife and the innocence of girls, are delicate and vivid in writing. Fresh and beautiful. The farewell work "Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Tower" is also an eternal masterpiece. Shen Deqian's "Tang Poetry Collection" said: "Longbiao quatrains are full of deep feelings and resentment, with vague meanings that make people unpredictable and endless." Lu Qiuxiao killed Wang Changling because of his jealousy of talent, which was a great damage to ancient Chinese poetry. . Wang Changling left many frontier fortress poems that have been passed down through the ages.