Shu Xiang
Where is the temple of the famous prime minister? It is in a deep pine forest near the Silk City.
The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves.
The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations.
But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.
This poem was written in the first year of Shangyuan in Tang Suzong (760). In the spring of the following year, Du Fu escaped from Chengdu. The Anshi Rebellion has not subsided, and the Tang Dynasty is still in turmoil. Tang Suzong trusted eunuchs and doubted Du Like Fu, a scholar who really cared about the country and people.
Du Fu experienced a series of official career blows, and his ideal of "being a gentleman for the sake of a gentleman, and then making the vulgar pure" was completely frustrated. The poet lives in Sichuan, living in a difficult situation, worried about family affairs and state affairs, depressed and hesitant. Seeing that the country is in danger and the people are in danger, they have no choice but to serve the country. Therefore, the poet admires and respects Zhuge Liang, who started the inheritance and saved the current situation.
After Du Fu finished writing Scenery of Ancestral Temple, he summed up Zhuge Liang's life of serving the country with the words "Three Summons focus on state affairs, and two generations focus on the heart of a child". When Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage, Zhuge Liang had gathered one-third of the world's potential in Longzhong. This foresight shows his military ability. After coming out of the mountain, he wholeheartedly assisted Liu Bei and helped Liu Chan. As an old minister, he devoted himself to death. These two poems are highly summaries of Zhuge Liang's life, and write out Zhuge Liang's outstanding talent and patriotic feelings after his death.
Li Bai also wrote "Reading Zhuge Wuhou Biography" to commemorate Zhuge Liang. At the end of the poem, the two sentences are "Fish and water blend together, and clouds are everywhere." Fish and water are used in the poem to compare the relationship between Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, and it is written that Zhuge Liang changed the general trend of the world after he came out of the mountain. Since then, the three countries have stood firm and the situation is everywhere. These two poems by Du Fu and Li Bai highly summarize Zhuge Liang's contributions and talents, but Du Fu's "Three Summons are focused on state affairs, and two generations are devoted to pure heart" clearly shows Zhuge Liang's pure heart. He worked tirelessly day and night, making Zhuge Liang's image more attractive.
Du Fu is a poet who cares about his country and people, so his poems are also called epics. Because I am in troubled times, the country is divided and the people are displaced. But he can't serve the country himself, so he often feels depressed and has to borrow Zhuge Wuhou to express his inner feelings.