If you have to say it is a rhetorical device, it is to use allusions and quotations.
Rhetorical device
There are 63 categories and 78 subcategories of known rhetorical devices.
There are metaphors: simile, metaphor, metonymy, metaphor (also known as complex metaphor), inverted metaphor (also known as inverse metaphor), counter metaphor, mutual metaphor (also known as metonymy), metaphor (also known as strong metaphor), metaphor, embellishment, quotation and metaphor;
There are sketch, analogy (also called contrast), avoiding repetition, changing use, layering, padding (also called contrast), setting off (also called contrast, setting off), inversion, inversion, reduplication, truthfulness (also called thimble and couplet), contrast, antithesis (also called duality, team warfare and parallelism)
There are overlapping intricacies, compound deviation, * * use, combination, call, intertextuality, conversion, palindrome, demotion, metonymy, rhetorical questions, ambiguity, parallelism, antithesis, imitation (also divided into imitation, imitation), list, connection and exaggeration.
Common rhetorical devices of 1
Common rhetorical devices
Common rhetorical methods include metaphor, analogy, metonymy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, rhetorical questions and so on. The purpose of learning rhetoric common sense is to serve language practice. First of all, we can identify various rhetorical methods in language, and then understand their applicable effects; At the same time, we should be able to use these rhetorical methods to improve our ability to use language. Rhetoric methods are also called figures of speech. According to experts' research, there are as many as 70 Chinese figures of speech, and the common figures of speech are 10.
(1) metaphor. It is a rhetorical method that uses a concrete, simple and familiar thing or scene to illustrate another abstract, abstruse and unfamiliar thing or scene. Metaphor can be divided into three forms: metaphor, metaphor and metonymy. The form of simile can be simplified as: a (ontology) such as (metaphor: like, like, if, Jude, like, like) b (vehicle). The form of metaphor can be simplified as follows: A is B (metaphor: Cheng, Cheng, Cheng, Cheng, Cheng, Cheng, Cheng). Similes are similar in form, while metaphors are consistent. Metonymy: only vehicles appear, but noumenon and figurative words do not appear. Sparrows know the ambition of swans!
(2) Metonymy. Don't say what you want to say directly, but borrow a name closely related to this person or thing instead, such as replacing the whole with a part; Replace abstraction with concreteness; Replace ontology with features; Replace generic names with proper names, etc. For example:
(1) Do not follow the mass line. All the property of the masses has been replaced by a needle and a thread.
(2) Don't cook rice. ("Big pot rice" replaces abstract "egalitarianism")
White beard is sitting in the corner smoking a cigarette. A grizzled beard is characterized by features rather than noumenon.
Tens of millions of Lei Feng are active in the motherland. (Lei Feng replaces abstract ideology with concrete images)
(3) comparison. A rhetorical method of writing people as things or things as adults, the former is called imitation and the latter is called personification. For example:
1. Don't be proud and don't walk with your tail between your legs. (imitation)
(2) every night, the candle will cry dry wick. (personification)
(4) exaggeration. A rhetorical method of describing the image, characteristics, function and degree of things by enlarging or narrowing. For example:?
White hair three thousands of feet, sorrow like a beard. ("3,000 feet" is a bit exaggerated)
2 sesame seeds are big, don't worry. ("Sesame points" is an exaggeration. )
The ground was already on fire as soon as the sun came out. (Exaggerate the former thing "coming out" and the latter thing "going into the fire" to almost appear at the same time. Some people call this exaggeration "exaggeration in advance")
(5) comparison. It is a method to compare two things or two aspects of the same thing at the same time. For example:
(1) Worry about the world first, then enjoy it.
② The wine in Zhumen stinks, and the road has frozen bones.
(6) duality. Use a pair of phrases or sentences with the same structure or similar number of words to express relative or similar meanings. For example:
1 Total loss, moderate benefit.
(2) Look down at a thousand fingers and bow your head as a willing ox.
But as long as you go up a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles. (flowing water pair)
(4) Looking inside and outside the Great Wall, I am the only one, and the river is up and down, and I am lost. (Fan face)
(7) parallelism. A method of combining several (usually three or more) phrases or sentences with related content, the same or similar structure and the same tone. For example:
But this time, quite a few things happened to me. One is that the authorities are so cruel, the other is that gossip is so inferior, and the other is that women in China are so calm when things happen.
(8) Repeatedly. A method of making the same word or sentence appear repeatedly according to the need of expression. Repetition can be continuous or intermittent. For example:
(1) braved the enemy's gunfire and marched forward! Forward! Forward!
(2) Where the enemy attacks, we will destroy it, and where the enemy attacks, we will destroy it.
(9) irony. It is also known as "irony"-the actual meaning is opposite to the literal meaning. For example, "friendly people" can no longer be "surprised and inexplicable", so please rest assured.
(10) rhetorical question. It is to express the definite meaning in the form of questions, so there is no need to answer. Are middle school teachers and young ladies decent to ride bicycles? (The man in the condom)
(1 1) Ask questions. In order to highlight what is said, express it in the form of questions. Who are these seven people carrying? It was none other than Chao Gai, Wu Yong, Gongsun Sheng, Liu Tang and San Ruan. Asking questions is asking yourself and answering them.
In addition, there are many rhetorical methods in the textbook, such as quotation, pun, thimble (or "Julian"), call, overlap, warning, synaesthesia, graceful melody, taboo decoration and so on.
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China common sense
first part
Two language types: spoken and written.
Two ways of argumentation: argumentation and refutation.
Two explanatory languages: plain and vivid.
There are two types of expositions: expositions about things and expositions about things.
Two kinds of environmental descriptions: the description of natural environment-contrast the emotions of characters and render the atmosphere.
2 common rhetorical devices
Description of social environment-explain the background of the times.
Two types of argumentation: factual argumentation and rational argumentation.
the second part
Three emotional colors: positive, negative and neutral.
The novel has three elements: the characters (the main characters depend on whether the theme of the novel can be expressed), the plot (beginning/development/climax/ending) and the environment (natural environment/social environment). )
Three elements of argumentative writing: argument, argument and argumentation.
Argumentative essay consists of three parts: asking questions (introduction), analyzing questions (thesis) and solving problems (conclusion).
Three orders of interpretation: chronological order, spatial order and logical order.
Three principles of language use: conciseness, coherence and appropriateness.
the third part
Four literary genres: novel, poetry, drama and prose.
Four argumentation methods: example argumentation, truth argumentation, metaphor argumentation and contrast argumentation.
Four usages of sentences: declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences and exclamatory sentences.
The plot of the novel consists of four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending.
Four narrative sequences: direct narrative, flashback, insertion and supplementary narrative.
Four uses of quotation marks: ① quotation; (2) to express irony or negation.
③ Specific appellation ④ Emphasis or emphasis.
part four
Five ways of expression: narration, description, explanation, lyricism and discussion.
Five uses of dashes: ① annotation, ② interpolation, ③ interruption of sound, ④ change of topic, and ⑤ progressive expression of meaning.
The fifth part
Six interpretation methods: example, analogy, comparison, number of columns, classification and definition.
Six logical sequences: ① the whole → the phenomenon → the essence → the cause → the result → the generality → the specific part → the whole → the main → the secondary.
Six elements of narrative: time, place, people, cause, process and result of events.
Six methods of character description: portrait description, language description, action description, psychological description, detail description and expression description.
Six kinds of ill sentences: ① Incomplete components; ② Improper collocation; ③ Improper use of related words; 4 inconsistent; ⑤ Improper word order; ⑤ Misuse and abuse of function words (prepositions).
Six usages of ellipsis: ① Omit the table contents; ② Intermittent predication; (3) the table is incomplete because of grabbing the vernacular; 4 emotional contradictions; 5 thinking jump; ⑤ Thinking in progress.
Six common writing skills: symbol, contrast, setting off (paving the way), caring (echoing), direct (indirect) description, promotion and inhibition.
Part VI
Seven kinds of phrases: coordinate phrases, radical phrases, subject-predicate phrases, verb-object phrases, complement phrases, word-removed phrases and object-object phrases.
Seven types of complex sentences: ① coordinate complex sentences; ② turning complex sentences; ③ Conditional complex sentences; ④ Progressive complex sentences; ⑤ Choose complex sentences; ⑤ Causal complex sentences; ⑥ Hypothetical complex sentences.
Part VII
Eight common rhetorical methods:
(1) Metaphor-makes the language vivid and adds color to the language.
2 personification-writing things into adults makes the language vivid.
3 exaggeration-highlight something or emphasize a feeling.
4 parallelism-enhance the language momentum and enhance the expression effect.
⑤ Duality-make the language concise and neat.
⑥ Citation-Enhance the persuasiveness of language.
⑦ Ask questions-arouse readers' attention and thinking.
⑧ rhetorical question-plays an emphasis role and enhances the positive (negative) tone.