The caves are cool, and Lu Jing has come to this.
The trees missed the stars, and the moon hurried forward in the clouds.
The mountains are high and rare, and the pine forest stands out from the crowd.
An 80-year-old monk has never heard of what happened in the world.
This is a secluded temple described in the five-character poem Sunset at Mu Yan Temple by Jia Dao, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. It is the famous ancient temple-Mu Yan Temple. The temple is located in the deep mountains, and the excellent environment is innate. Sushan Temple in Jiadao is born with leisurely poetry. The first couplet in the poem looks up at Tianyu's landscape: "Meteors wear sparse trees, and the moon goes against the clouds", which is already very wonderful-from the cracks in scattered branches, we can see meteors passing by, and the clouds in the canopy, driven by the wind, pass the bright moon, like the moon walking between clouds. In such a beautiful and quiet atmosphere, Jia Dao felt the characteristics of the mountain temple more deeply: "extremely high" means that the temple was built on the top of the mountain and "few people came" On the surface, it is said that there are few people, but in fact it implies that the mountain temple is far from the city and has an extraordinary artistic conception. It is precisely because of being far away from the world that the next sentence "Gaosonghe is not a group" came into being. The solitary crane lives alone in Gaosong, which is particularly noble. Song He is a symbol of longevity and nobility in ancient poetry. Jia Dao is used here, on the one hand, to praise the venerable monks in the temple, and on the other hand, to express the poet's noble heart.
Jia Dao became a monk when he was a teenager. Later, he returned to the secular world and took the official exam, but his career did not meet. So his thoughts and feelings have been wandering from birth to birth. His poetic style is "strangely cold", which often contains intriguing Zen. Mu Yan Temple is his masterpiece. The Federation is full of philosophies, especially "extremely high", "high pine", "few people come" and "cranes are not crowded". On the surface, it is just a confrontation, but it is actually very refined. Not only is it right, but it also reveals the author's admiration for "the first master in the world".
According to "Fangshan County Records" and other historical records, Jia Dao was from Fangshan. Jia Dao's Tomb is located in Erzhan Village, Shilou Township, Huali, south of Fangshan 15, and the tomb side is the site of Jiagong Temple in Qing Dynasty. He is a famous poet of Kuyin School. What is the Kuyin School? Just for a poem, or a sentence in a poem, I don't hesitate to spend my time and effort. Jia Dao once wrote a poem a few years later. After writing the poem, he burst into tears, not only happy, but also distressed himself. Of course, he doesn't work so hard every time he becomes a capital. In that case, he is not a poet.
He never forgets to write poems while sitting and eating, and he is often possessed and in trouble. It is said that there have been two traffic accidents. Once I rode a donkey across the road and didn't pay attention to pedestrians. At that time, the autumn wind was bleak and the yellow leaves were falling, so I casually sang "The leaves are full of Chang 'an". Thinking about the first league, he suddenly rebelled against the sky with "autumn wind blowing Wei water", and as a result, he ran into the "mayor" and was detained for one night. Once, I went to Li Ning's seclusion and got a sentence on the donkey's back: "Birds live in trees by the pool, and monks knock on the moon." "The word" knock "wants to be the word" push ",which has not yet been decided. I was in a trance, and I ran into Han Yu's car and horse. Although the legend is not completely credible, his obsession is well founded.
He looks down on powerful people and doesn't take them seriously. Then, one day Xuanzong traveled incognito and went to the temple. When he heard someone chanting poems, he followed the sound and went upstairs. When he saw the poem on the case, he took it and browsed it. Jia Dao was behind, alone. He didn't know Xuanzong, and stared and shouted, "Lang Jun, eat well and get dressed. How did he know this? " I was nervous afterwards, waiting for redemption. The court gave him a small official in the main book of Changjiang County and expelled him from Chang 'an. There are two poets' works in the Tang Dynasty, both of which are related to this matter. An Qi's poem said, "Ride a donkey to Yin Da, seize the classics and pass on the teachings." Li Youshi said: "Xuanzong meddled in other people's affairs, and Han became famous." Jia Dao devoted his life to the art of poetry. "Two sentences in three years, one song and two tears" has tempered many fine products. Han Yuxian said: "Meng Jiao was buried in Beimang Mountain after his death, and the situation has been suspended since then. I was born in Jia Dao because I was afraid that the article would be cut off. " Jia Dao is as famous as Meng Jiao and has far-reaching influence. But throughout his life, he was down and out, with a small official position, and Lu did not support himself. On the day of death, there was no money at home, only a sick donkey and a guqin, which made people cry.
Mu Yan Temple Site was born in Zhoukoudian Village, Fangshan District, Beijing. In the west of Zhoukoudian village, there are two uplifted ridges running in parallel, winding for about three miles and meeting a northern mountain. This mountain is named Muyan Mountain, also known as Xiushan. This mountain is described in Sunset at Mu Yan Temple as "the cave blocks the cold color". In the early years, Mu Yan Temple was located in the middle of Yang Shan. There is an original Western Zen Room in the temple, and the inner wall of the Western Zen Room is embedded with a stone carving of the poem Sunset in Mu Yan Temple (Lost). In the Ming Dynasty, Rebuilding the Temple Monument in Mu Yan once praised: "I am a scholar-bureaucrat. As for the wonderful victory of the Western Hills, I must say Mu Yan. There is no such thing as a big wooden rock, a big sage, and a prosperous disciple. "
Mu Yan Temple was built in the second year of Tianan in the Northern Wei Dynasty (467), with an empty ancestor. During the Qingyuan period in Liaotian (111), Dinghui was rebuilt. In the early Ming Dynasty (1368), the red forest was rebuilt again, and the Mu Yan Temple was "reappeared" by "rising and falling and worshiping the old". After more than one hundred years, in the fifteenth year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (1520), the project of rebuilding Mu Yan Temple began again. This reconstruction was recorded in Rebuilding Mu Yan Temple Monument in Ming Dynasty. At that time, it was presided over by Xiang Zhen, Zhen Ji, Zhen 'an and Zhen Ning. "From Tongchi, Erlang, Erfa and other buildings, the second middle hall, the second back hall, the kitchen, the vegetable garden and the well mill." It lasted eleven years until the tenth year of Jiajing (153 1). It shows that this project is huge. You can also imagine the grandeur of Mu Yan Temple.
In the late Qing Dynasty, Mu Yan and Yang Shan suddenly collapsed. With the devastating disaster caused by coal mining, Mu Yan Temple disappeared from the world. The only things that can be seen on the former site of Mu Yan Temple are the cliff after the collapse of the temple and the ancient cave where monks get water on the east side of the cliff. When the coal mining industry in Zhoukoudian area began, there is no more accurate age at present. According to the old records, Fangshan coal mining industry "flourished before Liao and Jin", which can be used as a reference for Fangshan coal mining. However, according to more accurate written records, the phrase "mining in a cave" in the Mu Yan Temple Monument is not only in Fangshan, but also the earliest accurate record ever seen by Beijing coal mining industry. (Qi Jian)