2. Original text:
I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.
Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring.
Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.
A moment that should last forever? Before I knew it, it had come and gone.
3. Translation:
Why do exquisite musical instruments have fifty strings, each of which reminds me of my youth?
Zhuang Zhou danced in his sleep and turned into a butterfly, hoping that the emperor would entrust his hatred to Du Fu.
Things change, the bright moon is in the sky, and Jiao Ren's tears are beads; Lantian is sunny and warm, and you can see good jade and good smoke.
Why do you want to recall this scene now? I just didn't know how to cherish it then.
4. Appreciate:
Jinse is Li Shangyin's masterpiece. Everyone who loves poetry is happy and happy, and it is the most famous. However, this is the most difficult poem to explain. Some people say that it is a love poem written for a maid named Jinse in Linghu Chu family; Some people say that this is a poem in memory of the late wife Wang.
Others think that the four poems in the middle can meet the four feelings of appropriateness, resentment, clarity and harmony, and can be inferred as poems describing music; There are also many sayings, such as alluding to politics and writing autobiographical poems. For thousands of years, there have been many different opinions. Generally speaking, mourning and self-injury are the most common.
This poem entitled Jinse uses the first two words of the first sentence. In the old saying, it was originally thought to be a poem about objects, but the annotator seems to think that this poem has nothing to do with the use of musical instruments, and it is indeed an untitled work that uses musical instruments to hide the theme.
I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval. No reason, no reason, born this way. Musical instrument, piano has three strings and five strings; Zheng you 13 string; And Arthur has fifty strings. How sad it is to express complex feelings with so many strings. Ancient times alluded to Taidi and Motome, which was extremely sad.
The poet uses this allusion as a metaphor, implying that the poet is different. Others have only three or five strings, but poets have as many as fifty strings. What a gifted genius. Suggest that he is extremely talented, sentimental and sensitive. Bixing is really clever. The next sentence, a string of columns, recalls the years of youthful love. The first couplet always begins, leading below. The following are all memories of beautiful youth. But the beauty is not long, which makes people feel lost and disappointed.
The last sentence of "Zhuan Xu" uses an allegorical allusion from "Zhuangzi", which says that Zhuang Zhou dreamed that he was a butterfly and flew vividly, forgetting that he was Zhuang Zhou; Later, when I woke up, it was still Zhuang Zhou at home, and I didn't know where the butterfly had gone. The next sentence is the legendary monarch of Shu in the late Eastern Zhou Dynasty, named Du Yu. Later, the Zen position retired, and unfortunately the country died. After death, the soul turned into a bird. As for the bleeding in the mouth, its voice is sad and touching, named Du Fu.
This couplet is about a beautiful woman, a complicated string, which awakens the poet's dream and stops sleeping. Lost, gone, does not mean. Vaguely contains a beautiful situation, but it is an empty dream. The numerous strings and plaintive songs of the golden harp made the poet feel infinite sadness and unspeakable grievances, such as Du Fu's plaintive voice, which sent him home in the spring. An excuse, not only wrote Du Yuzhi's Chun Qing to Du Fu, but also wrote the beautiful Chun Qing to Jinse, waving and looking at her, and the flowers fell into the water. The poet's wonderful writing and strange feelings reached a climax here.
As soon as the poem passes through the couplet, it's time to turn to the pen. When the pen arrives here, the present situation has reached a small level, which seems to be a knot, meaning to be applied. Below this, the pen and ink fell, as if to start over. His brushwork is like a towering peak, or like a broken line, or pushing the pen down, or slow and tight, and his techniques are different, while his philosophical context has a turning point and he is always focused. At this time, the poet wrote the famous sentence "Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea".
Several allusions are mixed in the previous sentence of the Necklace. Beads are born in mussels, and mussels are born in the sea. Whenever the moon is bright and quiet, mussels open their mouths to raise pearls, pearls get moonlight, and aurora begins to shine. This is a beautiful folk tradition. Tears, like beads, are natural since ancient times. Jiao Ren's tears turned into pearls, which is also a strange sight in the sea. In this way, the bright moon falls between the seas, and pearls are bathed in tears, forming an indistinguishable fairyland in the poet's pen. It is rare to have such rich connotations and wonderful associations in one stroke.
The blue sky and sea in the latter sentence are not groundless. Si Kongtu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, quoted a passage from Dai Shulun who was earlier than him: the poet's beautiful scenery, such as a warm day in Lantian, like fine jade, cannot be placed in front of us. The eight words used for metaphor here are exactly the same as the seven words in the next sentence of this poem, which shows that this metaphor has another source. Unfortunately, the ancient books were lost later, and it was difficult to find the source again.
It is hard to say whether it is appropriate to quote Dai language as an explanation. Lu Ji, a writer in the Jin Dynasty, has a famous sentence in his "Wen Fu": Shi Yuyu has beautiful mountains and beautiful waters. Lantian Mountain is a famous jade-producing place in the southeast of Lantian, Shaanxi Province. This mountain is sunny and contains jade gas (the ancients thought that treasures have a kind of phosgene that ordinary eyes can't see), and Ran Ran rises, but the essence of Meiyu is far away, but it is not close-up, so it is out of reach, representing an extremely beautiful ideal scenery.
However, it is impossible to grasp and approach. This sentence in the poem, inspired and associated by Yu Shanhui and Huai Zhu, is in sharp contrast with the previous sentence "The sea and the moon have the warmth of Lantian". Literally speaking, Lantian is also very neat to the sea, because the original meaning of Cang is cyan. The poet's exquisite rhetoric can also show his talent and skills.
For poets, there is a special feeling behind the realm of the sea and the moon. Once, due to illness, he failed to bow to the meeting where Hedong Gong Leying bought wine, so he wrote a sentence that only the sea is bright and the moon is shining, and the Chicheng Xia is under high pressure ("I heard that Hedong Gong Leying bought wine in my illness"). From this perspective, on the one hand, he appreciates this situation, on the other hand, he is very sad and lonely: a complex and unspeakable disappointment.
This couplet and the first couplet * * * use four allusions, showing different artistic conception and artistic conception. Zhuang Sheng's dream of butterflies is a trance and confusion of life. Looking forward to the emperor's longing for spring, including his persistence in hard pursuit; Tears in the sea have a broad loneliness; The warmth of Lantian conveys warm and hazy joy. The images extracted by the poet from allusions are so magical and ethereal that his mind is slowly opened to readers, and the beauty of the New Year and the feelings of life are all integrated into it, which can only be understood but not expressed.
The tail couplet gathers the strength of the whole article and clearly puts forward the word "this feeling", which echoes the beginning of the New Year and never shies away from the gesture. The poem says: Don't wait until today to recall such feelings before you begin to feel endless regret, then it will already be embarrassing. For ordinary people, it is often when people are old that they look back on the past: they deeply regret that their youth is fleeting, their achievements have failed, their time has been wasted, and their regrets are endless.
However, this talented poet has already seen the clue, but he is helpless and infinitely lost. This is the poet Li Shangyin who borrowed the golden harp to make himself feel better.
Li Shangyin's life is full of ups and downs, with unspeakable pain, bitter feelings, poems trapped in his heart, deep wounds, reciprocating low hesitation and deep infection. One of his farewell poems said: I was full of heart, and Yang Zhu died with feelings; The hostess is in danger, and the hostess is chilling. ("Send a Thousand Cows and General Li Que Fifty Rhymes") Musical instrument is a song, which often entrusts with deep affection and bitterness for life and death, as you can imagine. If there is hatred in Jinse's poems about where you will go, I'm afraid it can't be said to be all arbitrary.