There are also many German inventors and engineers, such as Gutenberg, inventor of movable type printing in Europe, Geiger, inventor of Geiger counter, and Konrad Zuse, inventor of automatic electronic computer. Benson perfected bunsen burner, a high-temperature heating tool commonly used in scientific laboratories, and Earl Zeppelin invented LED, which is one of the important figures in the history of human aviation. Many German scientists have made revolutionary contributions to the birth of automobiles. Otto invented the internal combustion engine, Dissel invented the diesel engine, Daimler invented the first fast-running ignition engine and the first four-wheel car, and Ben Ci was a pioneer in the automobile industry. In addition, there are Siemens, the founder of Electronic Engineering and Siemens, Werner Werner wernher von braun, a rocket expert and a pioneer in space flight, Otto Lilienthal, a pioneer in space flight who completed the first gliding flight, and hugo junkers.
Many famous mathematicians were born in Germany, including adam riess, Bessel, Dai Dejin, Gauss, Hilbert, emmy noether, Riemann, Wilstrass, Johannes Muller and Leibniz.
Other important scientists include Christine Neuslin-Warhard, Theodor Mommsen, robert koch and Max Weber.
Germany has contributed a lot to world culture. Scientists such as Einstein, Max Planck and C.F. Gauss, so far, German scientists have won more than 60 Nobel prizes in physics, chemistry and physiology and medicine. Germany is the birthplace of missiles and rockets, and also the motherland of von Neumann, the founder of modern computer technology.
The official language of Germany is German, which belongs to Indo-European and Germanic languages.
19th century, the world's first * * * production party-German Social Democratic Labor Party was born in Germany, which was founded by Marx himself, and the First International was also born in Germany. After Marx's death, some people in the German Social Democratic Labor Party gave up class struggle and took the parliamentary line, which was criticized by Lenin as "revisionism", and on this basis, the Second International was born, and Germany was the base camp of the Second International in Europe. This shows that the German workers' movement and socialist tradition are extremely profound.
In 1930s, instigated by Hitler, Germany became the birthplace of national socialism.
The German Code is a code with great influence in the world. Together with the French Napoleonic Code, it forms the cornerstone of the civil law system.
Nikolai, Leibniz, Kant, Hegel, Feuerbach, Marx, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Heidegger are influential figures in the history of German philosophy. Germany is the birthplace of many important philosophical schools, such as German idealism and Marxism founded by Marx and Engels. The critical theory put forward by the Frankfurt School, represented by Adorno and Hawke Hammer, is an important philosophical theory in the 20th century. Habermas is the successor of Frankfurt School and one of the most important philosophers in contemporary Germany.
The history of German literature can be traced back to the Middle Ages, when the representative figures were the poet Feugueur Wade's walther von der vogelweide. The most outstanding German writers are Goethe, Heine, Schiller and Brothers Grimm. Many writers won the Nobel Prize in Literature in the 20th century. They are Theodor Mommsen (1902), Paul Heyzer (19 10), gerhart hauptmann (19 12) and thomas mann.
Germany is the cradle of musicians and has contributed many world-class composers to classical music, including Bach and Beethoven, one of the most important representatives of classical music. Other world-renowned composers include Handel, clara schumann, robert schumann, Wagner, Brahms, Richard Strauss, Teleman, max reger (Max Reagan), Orff, Hindemity, Hans Werner Henze (Hans Werner Henze) and karlheinz stockhausen (Karl Heinz Stockhausen).