In the Tang Dynasty, there seems to be no Zhang's poems handed down from generation to generation. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Zhang's Selected Poems of Ancient and Modern Times included a Moonlit Night on the Spring River. But gold always shines. After waiting for nearly a thousand years, the fate of Zhang and his masterpiece began to turn for the better. The name Zhang is no stranger to today's poetry lovers. His Moonlit Night on the Spring River (hereinafter referred to as the poem "Spring River") is even more familiar. However, little is known about Zhang, and the only historical materials we can see today are the introduction of 26 words in the volume 1 17: "Zhang was born in Yangzhou and served as a soldier in Yanzhou. There are only six words attached to He, Zhang Xu, Bao Rong and Wu Shi's "Old Tang Book Yi He": "Xu Ruo, Yanzhou soldier Cao." Zhang's date of birth and death is unknown. Some ancient books (such as Selected Poems of Tang Dynasty written by Wang Zuoxu) set his date of birth and death at about 660~720 AD, that is, from Longshuo to the beginning of Xuanzong Kaiyuan, he lived for about 60 years. As for The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty, saying that he and He (from Yongxing, Yuezhou, now from Xiaoshan, Zhejiang), Zhang Xu (from Suzhou) and Bao Rong (from Yanling, Runzhou, now from Danyang, Huzhou) are called "Four Scholars of Wu Zhong" only shows that their poems are quite famous in Beijing, and their native places are adjacent, and they are called Four Scholars. Zhang, not only his life story is rare, but also his poems have long been forgotten. In the Tang Dynasty, there seems to be no collection of his poems handed down from generation to generation. From the Tang Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, his poem "Spring River" was almost neglected. According to the textual research of Mr. Cheng, a literary historian, there are Ten Kinds of Tang Poems, A Collection of Tang Miscellaneous Stories, A Collection of Wen Yuan, A Collection of Tang Poems, A Collection of Tang Poems, Notes on Tang Poems, and A Collection of Yuan Tang Yin, but there are no poems. Not only is the Selected Poems of Tang Poetry not included, but it is also not mentioned in more than 20 kinds of poems from Tang Dynasty to Ming Dynasty. Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry (Volume 47) was the first to include his Poems on the Spring River, and * * included five poems on the same topic, including one by Zhang. However, this is only included as Yuefu Palace poems. Until Yang Gaochun's Selected Poems of Zheng Sheng in Ming Dynasty, his poems were not selected as "Zheng Sheng". Fortunately, however, Zhang's poem Chunjiang has been preserved since the Tang Dynasty. But gold always shines. But after waiting for nearly a thousand years, the fate of Zhang and his masterpiece began to turn for the better. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, after compiling Ancient and Modern Poems, Zhang's Poems on the Spring River, Three Selections by Suo, Jie and Gui in the Wanli period, Seven-character Ancient Poems and Poems Cang in the Chongzhen period, and Jing in the late Ming Dynasty were included. Hu Yinglin's Poems in Wanli Period was the first to comment on Zhang and his poems. By the Qing Dynasty, Zhang's poetic voice seemed to be better. He was included in important anthologies of Tang poetry, such as Tang Poetry by Kang Xiji, Tang Poetry by Er 'an, Complete Tang Poetry (Volumes 19 and 1 17), Tang Poetry Revision during the Qianlong period, and Tang Poetry Reading in Snow Mountain House by Guan Shiming. Contemporary scholar Zhang Heluo commented on Zhang's literary creation in this way. "During this period (referring to the early Tang Dynasty), the romantic temperament of Tang poetry was increasingly strengthened. On the other hand, it appears in the poems of Zhang, Zhang and others praising youth and expressing eternal longing for life. ..... The whole poem ("Moonlit Night on a Spring River") is written from the rising of the moon to the setting of the moon, from the beginning of the spring tide to the end of the sea, and the jumping of time and space is ethereal, presenting a beautiful and transparent landscape. Moreover, poetry not only provides a pleasing picture, but also gives birth to infinite reverie about the universe and life. Even the lovesickness of wandering women in traditional poetry has been sublimated into a very beautiful and moving artistic realm here. This simple and clear observation of the world and life is full of longing and joy, which makes the whole poem full of rich youth. Since then, these poems with youthful melodies have flooded in and become one of the distinctive features of Tang poetry. " (Quoted from Zhang and Luo's History of Ancient Chinese Literature) The representative answered the boudoir dream, but it was too early to close the door. Try on a shirt with heating and open the mirror to find spring. Swallows peep at the curtains and bees draw clothes. Love urges Tao Liyan, and my heart sends strings to fly. Make-up wash each other, and the wind, flowers, snow and moon do not return. Where the dream soul enters, silence covers the heavy door. This poem is the work of Zhang, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. The whole poem is gorgeous and neat, and it seems to be inspiring and Li Zhifeng. Zhang's poetic style plays a connecting role in the history of poetry. People often think that the four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty made a good start for the prosperity of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In fact, Zhang Dui also played an important role. This poem, which will be in my heart forever, is the best proof. In the poet's first sentence, the young husband left his wife to defend the custom. The scene is sad and touching, but the author just brushed it off, giving readers endless imagination. He only described the end of the farewell: his wife stood on the balcony and looked at her husband who turned three steps until his figure disappeared into the distant horizon. This is the end of farewell, but it is the beginning of the whole poem. After leaving, the heroine fell into a long struggle, but she also tried to freshen up. Only when I put on my new shirt can I feel the warmth of spring. After dressing briefly, she looked out of the window. The window is full of life and colors. Occasionally swallows fly by and look at her through the curtains. I don't know when, some bees also started her idea of "painting clothes" here, and the poet wrote a wonderful pen to make flowers. The flowers embroidered on the clothes can attract bees, which shows that they are vivid and vivid, and also shows how thoughtful this thoughtful woman is about this painting. This sentence shows that she is bored but wants to surprise her sweetheart. Spring is the season of flowers blooming, and the heroine's mood is chaotic. Suddenly, melodious music came from a distant direction, about "Folding Willow"! So she let herself indulge in it and let her heart fly to the distant frontier and her husband's side. The above four sentences set off the heroine's mood by describing foreign objects. The next turning point turned to the heroine herself. She fantasized that her husband would come back one day, so she dressed up and waited for the distant departure. When spring arrived in Qiu Lai, flowers blossomed and fell, but those who should have come back did not. As the night deepened, she fell asleep. But she fell into a new distress of "dreaming only of idle people, not of princes". Finally, she woke up with a heavy sigh. "Alas-"In the silent night, this sigh actually echoed. In the heavy echo, she reluctantly closed the door again. The author often uses the method of side contrast to express his feelings with the help of perceptual things. In addition, the description of the characters' psychology in this poem is also unique. Every sentence does not directly describe the mood, but every sentence is written about the mood. If this poem is to be translated into a stream of consciousness work, its charm will be greatly reduced. It's like straightening a tortuous maze. It's clear and easy to understand, but the interest is gone. Zhang has many excellent works, but only two have been handed down. In addition to this song, there is also a widely circulated "Moonlit Night on the Spring River". The rest of the poems were lost in the long years. Chunjiang Moonlight The original Chunjiang tide was in Lian Haiping, and the bright moon was born in the sea.
The moonlit night on the river is thousands of miles with the waves, and there is no moonlight on the river. The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flowers and trees like graupel. Frost flows in the air, but it can't fly. You can't see the white sand on t and ng (t and ng). There is no dust in the sky on the river, and there is a lonely moon in the sky. Whoever sees the moon at the first sight by the river shines at the beginning of the month. Life is endless, generation after generation, and Jiang Yue looks at it similarly every year (or "only"). I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River delivering water. The white clouds have gone, and Qingfeng is at a loss. Whose boat is flat tonight, where to miss the bright moon building. Poor people wander upstairs for the moon, so they should leave someone to fill the mirror. If the jade curtain can't be rolled up, brush it back on the anvil. At this time, I don't know each other. I hope China will shine on you every month. Hongyan flies in the sky, and fish Long Qian jumps in the water. Last night, I dreamed that the idle pool had fallen, and the poor spring had not returned. In spring, the river flows away, and the river falls on the moon and the west (ancient sound xiá). The slanting moon hides the sea fog, and Jieshi Xiaoxiang Road is infinite. I don't know how many people return home every month, and the moon is full of rivers and trees.