Vivid images are the characteristics of all literary languages. There are two types of human language. One is descriptive description language, that is, image language; The other is deductive logic language, which is abstract language. The basic form of literary language is descriptive language, and the basic form of scientific theoretical language is logical language.
Poetic language is a typical descriptive language. The yardstick for judging abstract language is grammar and logic, and the yardstick for judging image language is vividness and beauty. In order to achieve vividness and beauty, poetic language can destroy grammar or violate logic. For example, "the horizon is too short to ask about acacia", and it is illogical to use the tangible horizon as a metaphor for intangible acacia, but it is a good poem. Therefore, people with a strong sense of reason can't write poems or understand them.
Another feature of poetic language is the beauty of temperament. Wen Yiduo said, "Rhythm is the flower of poetry." The essence of poetry is an artistic language with musical beauty. Wang Guowei said: "The beauty of all things is the beauty of form. As far as beauty itself is concerned, all beauty exists in the symmetry of form and the harmony of change. " He Xin believes: "The fundamental reason for the unsuccessful revolution of new poetry is that modern new poetry has abandoned the most precious achievements of China's classical poetry in the past two thousand years-the artistic beauty of poetry rhetoric and melody. In the new poetry, it failed to form a beautiful artistic expression, and many poems completely regressed to the so-called' free body' made in the primitive times. " "Absolute freedom means no freedom, and absolute formless poetry means no poetry at all. Therefore, the innovation of new poetry should start with the study of the phonology and rhetorical rules of modern language. "
For a good poem, if the image is the body, then meaning is the soul. A soulless body, even beautiful, is just a lifeless plaster model. Generally speaking, the deeper the meaning of life contained in a poem, the deeper the artistic conception of the poem, and the more intriguing it is.
The artistic conception of poetry is divided into subject and object;
Poets are involved in the "creation" of emotions-this is the romantic expression of classical poetry. For example, Li Bai's poem: "White hair is three thousands of feet, and sorrow is like a long beard. I don't know where to get autumn frost in the mirror. "
The poet hides his "writing environment"-this is the realistic expression of classical poetry. For example, Du Fu's poem: "The wine in Zhumen stinks, and the road has frozen bones."
In addition, classical poetry has a form of symbolism. I summarize it as a "secluded place" where poets are happy, such as "I passed away in the past, and the willows are reluctant." Today I think of it, it's raining. "This is a symbol. Poets use "willow" and "rain and snow" to symbolize the feeling of leaving home and missing their loved ones. However, these two artistic conceptions have nothing in common with "willow" and "rain and snow" in form or attribute, which is why symbols are different from metaphors.