Who will fail if I don't do it for a long time?
Wang is a creeping weed, and there were many hazelnuts in the Warring States period.
Dragons and tigers eat each other, and soldiers fight to catch crazy Qin.
What's the sound? I feel sad for the poet.
The horse is making waves, and it is endless.
Although the prosperity has changed, the charter has also fallen.
Since Jian 'an came, beauty is not precious.
Sundae restore ancient times, and clothes are expensive and halal.
The group belongs to Ming Xiu and is transported by * * *.
Brilliant literature, all the stars.
I aim to delete the narrative and reflect the spring.
If you want to be a saint, you will never get it.
Li Bai's "Ancient Style" has 59 articles, and this poem ranks first. It is a work about poetry and narrative.
The first two sentences are the starting point of the poet's comments and thoughts: "If I don't do it for a long time, who will fail me?" "Preface to Poetry" says: "Elegant people are also. It is said that Wang Zheng's office has also been cancelled. "Elegance in The Book of Songs is a political poem of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which represents the orthodox style of elegance and integrity." The Analects of Confucius: "Confucius said:' I am very weak! I haven't dreamed of Duke Zhou for a long time! "Here," my decline "refers to Confucius sighing for aging. Looking back at the history of poetry development, the poet can't help but sigh deeply: with the decline of the Western Zhou Dynasty, poems like "Ya" have long existed, but Confucius always abridged and learned to make its spirit known. Who will carry forward this traditional way of poetry when Confucius is old? The Book of Songs is the highest model of poetry, and Confucius is the defender and promoter of orthodox poetry, which is not only Li Bai's understanding. It can be said that the attitude of ordinary poets at that time was * * *. Of course, its focus is not on the form of The Book of Songs, but on its strong practical significance and beautiful effect. It is from this basic point of view that this poem comments on the history of poetry development and expresses its own embrace. Lipper
Then, according to the political characteristics of the times, the poet discussed the changes and development of poetry in four stages.
The first stage is the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period: "Wang is a creeping weed, and there are many hazelnuts in the Warring States Period. Dragons and tigers eat each other, and soldiers catch crazy Qin. " Pingtung moved to the East, and Zhou Shi declined. "Feng Wang" in The Book of Songs National Style is a folk song in Duluoyi, Zhou Dong. Its first song, Xiaomi Zou, expressed Dr. Zhou's anxiety about the destruction of the ancestral temple palace, and was often regarded as the representative of "Feng Wang" by later generations. There is a saying that "mourning for his thoughts, chaos in the Zhou Dynasty" (Golden Metabolism Hope Poetry). However, after the Spring and Autumn Period, this poetic style with a strong sense of worrying about the country and the people seems to have been abandoned in the grass, and the poetry of the Warring States period is full of thorns, weeds and desolation. In the dragon, the vassal states annexed each other, and there were wars and disasters everywhere, until Qin unified China by force. In such a turbulent era, where can we give consideration to the revival of poetry and Taoism?
The second stage is from Warring States to Han Dynasty: "What is sound? I feel sorry for those poets. The horse is swaying. " "Pronunciation" refers to the harmony of elegant sounds such as "Ya" and "Feng Wang". "Sao Ren" refers to the Chu Ci writers represented by Qu Yuan. Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records: "Li Sao, Qu Ping's work, was born of self-resentment." Neutral and elegant gentle voice, sad but not hurt, resentful but not angry, was replaced by works such as Li Sao by Qu Yuan and others at the end of the Warring States Period, lamenting state affairs and hating traitors. After Qu Yuan, Chu Ci declined gradually, and Sima Xiangru and Yang Xiong in the Han Dynasty opened up a stream of "Fu" (Ban Gu's Preface to Fu in Two Cities), which made Wang Yang prosperous. Here, although the poet regards Chu Ci and Han Fu as "changes" and "flows" relative to the pronunciation of The Book of Songs, he still uses a positive tone.
The third stage is after the Wei and Jin Dynasties: "Although the abolition of prosperity has changed, the charter has also dropped. Since Jian' an came, beauty is not precious. " Charter is a legal system, which refers to the written law of ancient poetry. Poets believe that the development of poetry has ups and downs. Although it is ever-changing with the changes of the times, on the whole, as an ancient poem, its statutes have declined. In the era of Jian 'an (Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty), the poems of San Cao, Qi Zi and Cai Yan were generous and tragic, which not only reflected the social reality, but also had the character of Jian 'an. After Jian 'an, the poetic style is flashy and gorgeous, which is not worth cherishing. Li Bai has always advocated fresh and natural poetic style and opposed gorgeous poetic style, but the so-called "rare treasure" is only relative to the poems of the previous generation, and does not really think that the poems of the Six Dynasties are worthless. In fact, Li Bai has great respect for poets of the Six Dynasties, such as Yu Xin, Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao. And especially admire Xie Tiao. There is a saying that "whoever goes to the North Building will be grateful to the public in the breeze".
The fourth stage is the early Tang Dynasty: "Dai Sheng is retro, and hanging clothes is expensive for halal. The group belongs to Ming Xiu and is transported by * * *. The literary quality is brilliant, and the stars are Qiu Min. " "Hanging clothes" originally refers to inaction. "Under the Book of Changes": "The Yellow Emperor, Yao and Shun ruled the world by wearing clothes." This means political clarity and social stability. The poet praised himself for being in an enlightened era and restoring the simplicity of ancient times. Social stability, respect for nature, many talented people coincided with Tomb-Sweeping Day, taking advantage of the auspicious time to display their talents, just like "soaring and vibrating feathers, leaping dragons and leaping scales" (Wang Biao's "Poems on Carving Stones and Mountains"). Poetry is excellent in form and content, competing to shine, and many works are like stars in the autumn night sky. The poet enthusiastically praised the prosperity of contemporary poetry, but because of political clarity, his joy and pride were beyond words. The so-called "retro" also needs to be treated flexibly. It is not really necessary to restore the face of ancient poetry, but to abandon the gorgeous poetic style, carry forward the tradition that poetry reflects reality, beauty and beauty, and advocate "halal" and "literary quality". Therefore, calling it "retro" is actually a wind of innovation and a new development of the tradition of ancient poetry.
After reviewing and evaluating the changes and development of poetry in past dynasties, the poet expressed his ambition with a high sense of responsibility and strong self-confidence: "I aim to delete narration and reflect thousands of spring." If Xi Sheng has a position, he will never win. Confucius deleted this poem from the preface of Spring and Autumn Annals, and it was not until the fourteenth year of Ai Gong (48 BC1) that Lin was found in the west. He wrote this sentence before he stopped writing, leaving a glorious legacy in the cultural history of China. Confucius' Spring and Autumn Annals ended in "winning the forest" because the benevolent beast went out in troubled times and died two years later. The poet obviously uses this allusion not to express his feelings about the decline of the world, but to express a belief that he must create works that attract worldwide attention. Like Confucius, he didn't put down his pen until he wrote Delin. Here, the poet's ambition of "helping the poor" and "securing the country" (Dai Shoushan answers Meng Shaofu's book) and "Since God has given talents, let them find jobs!" ("struggling") jumped to the page.
Chang: "Qi Liang and other works are very noisy." Taibai said, "Since Jian 'an came, beauty is not precious. "I have never been a hero." "Lack of treasure" means after Jian 'an. "Xie Tiao Family" says: "The bones of great writers are all your brushes, in the school in heaven." It can be proved in one sentence. (Shen Deqian's "Tang Poetry")
Violet's lifelong skill, that is, in fifty-nine "Ancient Style", she said: "elegance" is not written, but the poet starts, and the words are sad and incorrect; It is not beautiful enough to go to Yang, dismount and resume Jian 'an. The Tang dynasty was very popular, but when it was appropriate, it was deleted, followed by the acquisition of Lin. It is his vision that has never been seen before, and he wants to catch up with the elegance after a thousand years. Gai is confident that his talent is high and his inclination is positive, which is enough to lead to the decline of eight generations, but he should take a warning and not deceive others. (Zhao Yi's "Ou Bei Shi Hua" Volume 1)
Wang Shizhen said, "Five-character ancient poems in the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai and Wei are beyond retro". According to Zuo Gu and Gao Bu, however, it is mostly violet, which is not lacking in color and taste, and it seems difficult to connect with each other ... Li Bai, with his broad chest, created the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties in one breath and became a family of his own, pulling out the context of "three hundred" since Jian' an, and the so-called "ambition is to delete narrative" and "glory and spring" (Yang Shi by Pan Dexing, Volume I)