A complete guide to the use of punctuation marks in Chinese language for second grade students, no more losing points on exams!
How to use punctuation marks
● Punctuation mark song:
< p>Period (.) is a small dot used to indicate the end of a sentence.Comma (,) is a small dot with a tail and should be used for pauses within the sentence.
The pause (,) is like a sesame dot, juxtaposed in the middle of the word dot.
The two dots of the semicolon (;) trail the bar and parallel the middle points of the clause.
Colon (:) has two small dots, which should be written after the colon (:).
The question mark (?) looks like an ear, indicating the completion of a question.
The exclamation point (!) is like a small bomb, expressing surprise and exclamation.
Quotation marks (?) are like tadpoles, containing quotations or dialogues.
The clichés in the words are divided into odd and even, so you should remember the inner odd and the outer double.
Six dots of ellipses (?) indicate that the meaning is not yet complete.
Dash (?) short horizontal line indicates that the explanation topic changes.
The book title number ("") is pointed at both ends, and the title of the book and periodical is placed in the middle.
Round brackets ( ) and square brackets [ ], the annotation text is placed inside.
Learning punctuation is not difficult. You need to read and practice more to become proficient.
How to use common punctuation marks in writing
● Basic definition
There are pauses before and after the sentence, and a certain intonation, indicating a relatively complete meaning. The pause before, after, or in the middle of a sentence is expressed as a time interval in spoken language, and is represented by punctuation marks in written language. Generally speaking, sentences in Chinese are divided into the following types:
Declarative sentences: sentences used to explain facts.
Imperative sentence: A sentence used to ask the hearer to do something.
Interrogative sentences: sentences used to ask questions.
Exclamatory sentence: a sentence used to express some strong feelings.
Complex sentences and clauses: small sentences that are closely related in meaning are organized together to form a large sentence. Such a large sentence is called a complex sentence, and each small sentence in the complex sentence is called a clause.
The language units that make up sentences are words, that is, words and phrases (phrases). Word is the smallest unit of language that can be used independently. A phrase is a language unit composed of two or more words according to certain grammatical rules that expresses a certain meaning. It is also called a phrase.
Punctuation marks are an integral part of written language and an indispensable auxiliary tool for written language. It helps people express their thoughts and feelings accurately and understand written language.
● Examples of punctuation usage instructions
(1) Period.
1. Used at the end of a declarative sentence.
Beijing is the capital of the Republic of China.
2. Used at the end of an imperative sentence with a soothing tone.
Please wait a moment.
(2) Question mark?
1. Used at the end of a question sentence.
What is his name?
2. Used at the end of a rhetorical question.
Don’t you understand me?
(3) Exclamation mark!
1. Used at the end of an exclamatory sentence.
Strive for the prosperity of the motherland!
2. Used at the end of an imperative sentence with a strong tone.
Stop shooting!
3. Used at the end of a strong rhetorical question.
How can I compare to him!
(4) Comma,
1. If there is a pause between the subject and the predicate inside the sentence, use a comma.
Most of the stars we can see are stars.
2. If there is a pause between the verb and the object inside the sentence, use a comma.
It should be noted that science requires a person to devote his entire life.
3. If there is a pause after the adverbial inside the sentence, use a comma.
He is no stranger to this city.
4. The pauses between clauses in a complex sentence must use commas, except sometimes semicolons.
It is said that there are more than 100 gardens in Suzhou, but I have been to only a dozen.
(5) The pause mark,
, is used to pause between parallel words within a sentence.
A square is a quadrilateral with four equal sides and four right angles.
(6) Semicolon;
1. Used as a pause between parallel clauses within a complex sentence.
Language is used by people to express emotions; words are used by people to record words and events.
2. Used between items listed in separate lines.
The administrative regions of the People's Republic of China are divided as follows:
(1) The country is divided into provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government;
(2) Provinces, Autonomous regions are divided into autonomous prefectures, counties, autonomous counties and cities;
(3) Counties and autonomous counties are divided into townships, ethnic townships and towns.
(7) Colon:
1. Used after a salutation to indicate the mention of the following.
Comrades and friends: Is the meeting now?
2. Used after words such as: say, think, be, prove, announce, point out, reveal, for example, as follows? , mentioned below.
He was very surprised and said: "Ah, it's you!"
3. Used after a general utterance to indicate that it will cause the following discussion.
There are four gates in the Forbidden City in Beijing: Wumen, Shenwumen, Donghuamen, and Xihuamen.
4. Used after words that need explanation to lead to explanations or explanations.
Foreign Language Book Fair
Date: October 20 to November 10
Time: 8 am to 4 pm
< p> Location: No. 16, Gongti East Road, Chaoyang District, BeijingSponsor: China Book Import and Export Corporation
5. Used at the beginning of a general statement to summarize the above .
Zhang Hua was admitted to Peking University, Li Ping entered a technical secondary school, and I worked as a salesperson in a department store: we all have bright futures.
(8) Quotation marks
1. Used for direct quotations in the text.
? Full of losses, modest gains? This motto has been circulating for at least two thousand years.
2. Used for objects that need to be emphasized.
The ancients had a basic requirement for writing articles, which is called "things in order". "To have things" means to have content, and "to be orderly" means to be organized.
3. Used for words with special meanings.
Such a smart person? It’s better to have less.
4. When there are quotation marks inside quotation marks, use double quotation marks on the outer layer and single quotation marks on the inner layer.
He stood up and asked: "Teacher, what does "orderly" mean?
(9) Brackets ( )
Used for comments in the text. When annotating certain words in a sentence, the parentheses are placed immediately after the words being annotated; when annotating the entire sentence, the parentheses are placed after the punctuation mark at the end of the sentence.
①The discovery of Chinese ape-man (full name: "Chinese ape-man Peking species", or simply "Peking man") in my country is a major contribution to paleoanthropology.
②Writing a research article is different from literary creation. You cannot spread out the manuscript paper and improvise. (In fact, literary creation also requires literacy to be able to improvise.)
(10) Dash──
1. Used for explanations in the text.
Entering the golden door, passing through the spacious foyer and cloakroom, you arrive at the central hall of the General Assembly Hall building.
2. Used for sudden changes in the topic.
? It’s so hot today!──When are you going to Shanghai? Zhang Qiang said to Xiao Wang who had just walked in.
3. After the onomatopoeia used for sound extension.
?Woo──?The train is starting to move.
4. Used before listing items of inheritance.
According to different research objects, environmental physics is divided into the following five branches:
──Environmental acoustics;
──Environmental optics;
──Environmental thermal science;
──Environmental electromagnetics;
──Environmental aerodynamics.
(11) Ellipses?
1. Used for omitting quotations.
She gently hummed the "Lullaby": The moon is bright, the wind is quiet, and the leaves cover the window lattice
2. Omission for enumeration.
In the flower market in Guangzhou, peonies, bells, narcissus, plum blossoms, chrysanthemums, camellias, ink orchids? Flowers from spring, autumn and winter are all crowded together!
3. Use In the middle of the utterance, it means that the explanation is discontinuous.
I’m sorry everyone, I didn’t complete the task. ?
(12) Connector?
1. Two related nouns are constructed into a unit of meaning with a connector in between.
The Qinling Mountains and the area north of the Huaihe River in my country belong to the temperate monsoon climate zone, with high temperatures and rainy summers and cold and dry winters.
2. Use connecting numbers between related times, places or numbers to indicate the beginning and end.
Lu Xun (1881? 1936) was originally named Zhou Shuren, and his courtesy name was Hencai. He was a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang.
3. Use connecting numbers between relevant letters, Arabic numerals, etc. to indicate the product model.
In the Pacific region, in addition to the HAW?4 and TPC?3 submarine optical cables that have been completed and put into use, the TPC?4 submarine optical cable has also been put into operation.
4. Several related projects indicate progressive development, with connecting numbers in between.
The development of human beings can be divided into four stages: ancient ape? ape man? ancient man? new man.
(13) Spacer?
1. Used to demarcate the various parts of the names of foreigners and certain ethnic minorities.
Leonardo da Vinci, Aisin Gioro Nurhachi.
2. Used to separate the book title and the chapter (chapter, volume) title.
"Chinese Encyclopedia? Physics", "Three Kingdoms? Shu Chronicles? Biography of Zhuge Liang".
(14) Book title number " "
Used for book titles, article titles, newspaper titles, journal titles, etc.
The author of "A Dream of Red Mansions" is Cao Xueqin.
There is an article in the text "From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore" by Lu Xun.
His article was published in "People's Daily".
There is a book of "Chinese Language" on the table.
"The "Chinese Workers" Issue" was published on February 7, 1940.
Read and preview the second grade Chinese language volume 2 text 13 "Drawing Star Fruit"
Drawing Star Fruit
Once in a drawing class, the teacher placed two star fruits on On the lecture table, students were asked to draw. My seat is on the edge of the front row, and one end of the two star fruits on the lectern is facing me. The star fruit I saw didn't look like what I usually see at all, but looked like something with five corners. I looked at it carefully and drew honestly, and I felt that the drawing was very accurate.
When I handed over this painting, several students in the class saw it and laughed.
?Is this what a star fruit looks like?
?It’s better to say it’s a five-pointed star!?
The teacher looked at the painting and came to my seat I sat down and looked at the star fruit on the desk, then returned to the desk, raised my page of drawing paper, and asked everyone:
?Does this painting look like it? < /p>
?It doesn’t look like it!?
?What does it look like?
?Like a five-pointed star!?
The teacher’s expression became serious . After a while, he asked again: "Is it funny to draw carambola into a five-pointed star? Laugh!" Several students rushed to answer, laughing at the same time.
So, the teacher asked these students to take turns sitting in my seat. He said to the first classmate who sat down: "Look at that star fruit now. Does it look like the star fruit you usually see?"
"No...it looks like it." ?
?So, what is it like? ?
?Like...five...five-pointed star. ?
?Okay, next one. ?
The teacher asked these students to return to their seats, and then said pleasantly: "Have you noticed? The carambola looks different depending on the angle of view." When I see someone painting a star fruit as a five-pointed star, I don’t want to be too busy laughing, but look at the angle from which they see it. ?
The teacher’s teachings are something I will never forget.
You did a great job reading, I give you a round of applause!