Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested. Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin. -Don
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spring scenery
Tang Dynasty: Du Fu
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.
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Translation and annotation
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Chang' an fell and the country was broken, leaving only mountains and rivers; Spring has come, and Chang 'an, which is sparsely populated, has dense vegetation.
Feeling defeated, I burst into tears when I saw the flowers bloom, disappointed and resentful, and scared when I heard the birds singing.
The continuous war has lasted for a spring, and there are few letters from home. A letter is worth twelve thousand gold.
Worried, scratching my head, my white hair is getting shorter and shorter, and I can't insert it.
To annotate ...
Country: The capital refers to Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi).
Break: fall.
Mountains and rivers still exist: the old mountains and rivers still exist.
City: Chang 'an City.
Deep planting: refers to a vast territory with few people.
Sense of time: sentimentality about the present situation of the country.
Splash: Tears.
Hate parting: regret parting.
Beacon: Fireworks used in ancient frontier warning refers to the war of An Shi Rebellion. March: the first month, February and March.
Arrival: value, quite.
Whitehead: here refers to white hair. Scratch: scratch gently with your fingers.
Xiongnu: Very simple. Desire: think, want, want.
Win: endure, endure. Hairpin: a kind of jewelry for tying hair. Ancient men had long hair, which was tied on the top of their heads when they were adults and inserted horizontally with hairpins to avoid scattering. ▲
Useful, useless, perfect
References:
1, Fan Guoping. Junior high school students must recite ancient poems. Beijing: New World Press, 2010:14-116 Page 2. Li cunren Fully understand the ancient poetry of new junior high school. Guangzhou: Jinan University Press, 2000.
Different meanings of ancient and modern times
1, (China) Broken Mountain River exists.
Ancient meaning: the national capital; Modern significance: country.
2, (muddy) want to smoke heart
Ancient meaning: simplicity; Today's meaning: turbid; Confused.
3, home (book) to ten thousand gold.
Ancient meaning: letter; Modern significance: a bound volume.
Useful (0) useless (0) perfect
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Creation background
In November of the 14th year of Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 755), An Lushan rebelled against the Tang Dynasty. In June of the following year, the rebels captured Tongguan, and Tang Xuanzong fled to Sichuan in a hurry. In July, Prince Hengli succeeded to the throne in Lingwu (now Ningxia), assisting Tang Suzong. When Du Fu heard the news, he settled down in a boat and went to the Suzong court alone. Unfortunately, he was captured by the rebels on the way and sent to Chang 'an, but he was not imprisoned because of his humble position. Tang Suzong went to Germany for two years (
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Distinguish and appreciate
The first four sentences of this poem describe the miserable and dilapidated scene of Chang 'an in spring, with ups and downs. In the last four sentences, the poet's feelings of caring for relatives and state affairs are full of bitterness and indignation. The rhyme of the whole poem is rigorous, and the couplet takes "the place where petals flow like tears" as the sigh of the first couplet, and "the lonely bird has sung sadness" as the worry of homesickness, while the couplet emphasizes that deep worry leads to white sparse, delicate antithesis and tragic voice.
"Although the country is ruined, the mountains and rivers live forever, and the city is full of grass and trees.
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Artistic feature
(of literary works) the feeling and background blend happily/appropriately.
The first four sentences focus on painting landscapes (mountains and rivers, plants, flowers and birds), but there are feelings in landscapes (broken, deep, tears and earthquakes), and there is intention in landscapes (I hate parting when I feel it). The last four sentences focus on lyricism, which means lyricism by borrowing things (breaking the letter from home and scratching the "white head"), and there are scenes in love.
Deep artistic conception
"The country is broken" but "the mountains and rivers are there" and "the city is spring" is "the vegetation is deep"; Flower and bird book
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Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang. https://so . Gushi Wen . org/authorv _ 5 15ea 88d 1858 . aspx
Du Fu
Du Fu
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang. ? 137 1 poem
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I guess you like it.
I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me. -Wei's "Vacation in the Mountain reminds me of my brothers in Shandong"
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Vacation in the mountains reminds me of my brothers in Shandong.
Tang Dynasty: Wang Wei
I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.
When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.
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From a distance, the mountains are high and the clouds are light, and the colors are bright. When you look closer, you can only hear the sound of water, but there is no sound. Spring has passed, but there are still many flowers and flowers. People go nearby, but the birds are still not disturbed.
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draw
Tang Dynasty: Wang Wei
From a distance, the mountains are high and the clouds are light, and the colors are bright. When you look closer, you can only hear the sound of water, but there is no sound.
Spring has passed, but there are still many flowers and flowers. People go nearby, but the birds are still not disturbed.
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From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake. Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests. Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe. I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar. -Tang Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang