Chalk writing on the blackboard is the reproduction of the teacher’s teaching language and a solidified teaching language, which plays an important role in students’ learning and memory. In the teaching process, chalk blackboard writing is an indispensable and important means. However, with the popularization of modern teaching equipment, some people are overly enthusiastic about the use of computers and multimedia teaching equipment. It is inappropriate to ignore or even replace the traditional teaching method of chalk writing on the blackboard.
1. The invention of chalk and blackboard and their relationship with education.
The tools for chalk blackboard writing are chalk and blackboard. The use of chalk and blackboard for teaching only began after the mid-19th century. It is impossible to find out who first invented it.
Long before the invention of writing, humans discovered that charcoal could be used for painting. In caves in Europe, you can still see paintings made with charcoal by humans at that time. In the Middle Ages, people began to discover that adding lime to water, mixing it and pouring it into a mold, and drying it to form a hard lump, could replace charcoal for painting and recording on dark, flat surfaces. This should be the earliest appearance of chalk. After nearly a thousand years, it is difficult to verify who first thought of this idea. The same goes for the blackboard. In the early 19th century, someone used black paint to write on small wooden boards (in order to protect the wooden boards from corrosion) and used them to announce important matters, similar to the current bulletin board. This is probably the small "blackboard" that appeared in the early days. But the earliest functions of chalk and blackboard were not for teaching.
In the mid-19th century, schools began to be established all over the world. The original teaching method of teachers dictating students' notes became increasingly inconvenient due to the increase in the number of students. Therefore, in Europe and the United States, it is common to enlarge the original small, non-fixed black bulletin board for teaching use. Teachers write important teaching content on the blackboard to facilitate students' copying and deepening of memory. This is the earliest appearance and use of chalk blackboard writing in teaching. Due to the emergence of chalk and blackboard, education that was difficult to popularize was finally popularized, allowing more students to receive education. The expansion of the scale of education made it possible to eradicate illiteracy and ignorance. We know that before the advent of chalk and blackboards, early education in China was in the form of small private schools. One teacher teaches several or more than a dozen students, and the teaching area is extremely limited. Chalk and blackboard are very different when used for teaching. This shows how closely the relationship between chalk writing and education and teaching is.
2. The role of chalk writing on the blackboard in teaching.
The blackboard is the field, and the chalk is the plow. The chalk writes scientific definitions and concepts on the blackboard, philosophies that enlighten life, and popular poems, just like the plow on the field. Work hard, sow every seed in spring, and you will have a boundless and abundant harvest in autumn. Although the writing on the blackboard is wiped off again and again, the imprint of knowledge in the students' hearts remains forever.
The emergence of chalk and blackboard has brought teaching out of the closed school-style environment. Teachers popularized education with the help of chalk and blackboard teaching methods. Teachers teach orally and hand-to-hand, and the chalk in the hands of teachers magically interprets scientific and cultural knowledge on the blackboard. Magical astronomy and geography, wonderful calligraphy and painting, mathematical formulas, and scientific philosophies attract many students to suck them up eagerly. The milk of knowledge. Chalk writing on the blackboard has become an important means of inheriting civilization and communicating about the future. Needless to say, it has great intangible effects.
1. Chalk writing on the blackboard provides teachers with a platform to demonstrate their individual teaching styles.
Teachers’ teaching activities are a teaching art that integrates imparting knowledge and educating people. In the teaching process, teachers can get twice the result with half the effort by rationally using blackboard writing. Different teachers have different characteristics of teaching blackboard writing. Good blackboard writing can reflect and highlight the teacher's teaching personality. Teachers use beautiful chalk calligraphy to write standard and scientific blackboard writing that helps students learn and improve students' memory. This not only demonstrates personal teaching talents, but also wins the love and respect of students. There are often comments among students such as "I like the math teacher", "I like the Chinese teacher", "Mr. Zhang's lectures are great", etc. In fact, when students say they like a certain teacher, it is nothing more than the outstanding and eye-catching personal characteristics of a certain teacher in teaching activities. When a student likes a teacher's teaching style, it means that he likes the subject taught by the teacher. In the long history of human progress, there are many examples of people who have achieved success because of their admiration for a famous teacher.
2. Chalk blackboard writing can cultivate students’ writing habits and hands-on ability.
Teachers use chalk writing on the blackboard to teach, which can better cultivate students' hands-on ability. The teacher gives an analysis and demonstrates writing on the blackboard while the students listen, take notes and draw graphics. Use both hands and brain, develop the habit of writing casually, and cultivate the ability to be diligent in doing things.
3. Good chalk blackboard writing can attract students’ attention and improve their observation and aesthetic abilities.
Teachers have excellent chalk writing skills and superb layout design skills. The writing on the blackboard is pleasing to the students and will attract their attention. Due to the concentration of attention, the observation ability will be improved accordingly, and the teaching content written by the teacher will be carefully observed. Even a punctuation error written by the teacher will not escape the eyes of the students.
Through long-term observation, while improving the ability of observation, the ability to distinguish between good and bad is improved, and healthy aesthetic ability is cultivated.
4. Good chalk blackboard writing can enable students to use both hands and brain, enhance memory and improve learning results.
Due to the attraction of teachers’ exquisite blackboard writing, students’ attention is concentrated and they use their hands and brains while listening and writing. This deepens their memory of the learning content and naturally improves their learning effect.
5. Good chalk blackboard writing can give students a beautiful influence and increase their skills.
The formation of many students’ interests and skills in calligraphy and painting is mostly influenced by teachers’ chalk blackboard writing.
3. The traditional teaching method of chalk writing on the blackboard should not be ignored or replaced.
With the development of science and technology, modern equipment such as computers, multimedia, courseware, and large screens have begun to enter the classroom as teaching methods and are becoming more popular. This is undoubtedly a revolution in traditional teaching forms and methods, and it certainly has its advantages. For example, when studying "The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River" by Liu Baiyu, many students have never seen the Yangtze River, let alone the Three Gorges. Even if they can go now, due to the Three Gorges Project, they will not be able to see the Three Gorges written by Liu Baiyu. of natural scenery. Then playing the Three Gorges scenery film to students will naturally be of great help to students' learning.
But our use of modern teaching methods does not mean that we have to ignore or replace traditional teaching methods. Some schools and teachers overemphasize the development and use of computer software and multimedia teaching, which has three disadvantages.
First, teachers turn on the computer and sit and manipulate the keyboard to carry out teaching activities in class. As a result, the mechanized and stylized teaching arrangement replaces the interaction between teachers and students in teaching and learning, and dilutes the emotional communication between teachers and students. Weakened the implementation of heuristic teaching ideas.
Secondly, because teachers stand to the side or sit in a corner and operate the keyboard to teach, they naturally ignore the overall learning situation of the students. Can't see or have time to take into account students' learning dynamics. In class, there are often some people sleeping on the table, some reading novels, some playing on their mobile phones, and some listening to music with headphones. This is what I have seen with my own eyes, and it is not groundless.
Third, the use of modern teaching methods for teaching requires students to have high quality and learning consciousness. However, at present, the quality of students in technical secondary schools and even higher vocational colleges is low, and their self-discipline and conscious learning ability are poor. It is not appropriate to fully use modern teaching methods in teaching.
We cannot deny that the use of modern teaching methods is a revolution in traditional teaching. It will bring vitality to education and teaching and improve teaching effectiveness. But we must understand and treat this issue scientifically and realistically.
As far as the scientific nature of students' cognitive activities is concerned, it is not advisable to ignore the use of traditional teaching methods such as chalk and blackboard writing. We all know the idiom of hearing and seeing. The teacher's oral instruction in the classroom is exactly the process of immersing the students. This is a face-to-face, live, most intuitive and concrete teaching activity.
The ideal teaching activity should be a two-way interaction between teaching and learning. Teachers' teaching is indeed important, but more important is students' learning. In the traditional teaching model, teachers stand on a three-foot podium and play a dual role. You must be both an excellent actor and a qualified director. It can not only use wonderful performances to inspire students to learn knowledge, but also guide students how to learn knowledge. At the same time, students’ learning trends can be discovered through observation, and students can take advantage of the situation in a timely manner to stop bad behaviors and mobilize their enthusiasm for learning. Multimedia teaching activities, on the other hand, overemphasize the modernization of teaching methods and are undoubtedly single in form. This is like enjoying music and comedy. Listening to recordings is not as good as attending the performance in person and hearing and witnessing the performers' performances.
Mr. Yi Zhongtian said that due to the popularization of cameras, college students in the art department no longer sketch. With the popularization of photocopiers, students no longer take notes in class. After class, they ask teachers for lecture notes to make copies. There are many other phenomena of this kind. For example, with the popularization of mobile phones and computers, young students’ hands spend most of their time on the keyboard every day, and they gradually become alienated from pens. Over time, I forgot how to write Chinese characters.
It is not advisable to overemphasize the use of modern teaching methods and ignore or even replace the teaching role of chalk writing on the blackboard. Everything has its two sides. Science and technology can not only bring speed and convenience to human beings, but at the same time, they can also make people develop bad habits of laziness and coveting comfort. The use of modern teaching methods can certainly help teaching activities, but it also has negative effects. If we can organically combine traditional and modern teaching methods according to the needs of teaching content and develop and utilize them scientifically, then what will happen? It's not like you can gain the mulberry tree without losing the east corner.
Shao Jiayong, senior lecturer at Liaoning Railway Vocational and Technical College.