(1) fresh. The language is novel and unconventional. For example, Wang Wei's Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains.
(2) Dull. Also known as simplicity. It shows the application of line drawing, which is unpretentious, true and profound, approachable and straightforward. For example, Bai Juyi's "Village Night": "Frost grass cuts insects, and people in Nancun are absolutely unique. Looking at Noda before going out alone, the moonlight is like snow. " The picturesque night in the mountain village is so quiet, so peaceful and vividly displayed in the author's pen.
(3) gorgeous. Mainly refers to rich rhetoric, gorgeous literary talent, fantastic feelings. For example, Li Shangyin's "Banqiao Bie": "Looking back at the Gaocheng River, the pavilion window presses the microwave. Narcissus wants to go to carp, and Furong cries a lot all night. " It is a common parting in life. After the poet's unique fantasy and gorgeous language, he combined reality and fantasy to create a colorful fairy tale fantasy.
(4) Implicit. Refers to the implication, or cited without sending, or want to say it. For example, Du Mu's "I went to the five-star tomb to visit the five-star tomb": "The Qing people are romantic and incompetent, and the idlers love lonely clouds and monks. If you want to send people to the sea, you can look up at Zhaoling in Leyuan Scenic Area. " The poet started with Leyou Tombs and talked about seeing Zhaoling Tomb, but he stopped short and said nothing more, but his love for the motherland, his longing for the prosperous times and his grief and indignation at himself were all included.
(5) simplicity. It means clean and concise. For example, Jia Dao's "Li Ningju Youti" "There are few neighbors, and the grass path enters the empty garden." Ten words reveal the characteristics of seclusion. Another example is Liu Zongyuan's "Jiang Xue", where there are no birds in hundreds of mountains and no footprints in thousands of paths. Only ten words write the cold environment and tick off the empty and lonely background. The words "a boat with a leaf, a bamboo cloak and an old fisherman's cold river-snow" highlight the old fisherman's aloof and unyielding spirit of fighting the snow, and show the poet's integrity of being lonely in adversity, but never going along with it. These works are typical of simplicity.
(6) Language features caused by the author's life experience and personality characteristics. For example, Li Bai's poems are bold and elegant, with magnificent passion; Du Fu's poems are gloomy and frustrated; Wang Wei's poems are fresh and ethereal; Li Shangyin's poems are magnificent and implicit.
(7) Linguistic features of poetic schools. Realistic poetry advocates observing life objectively, describing life accurately and delicately according to its original style, and expressing life. The truth reflects the reality and criticizes the current disadvantages. Such as the works of Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Lu You. Romantic poetry is good at expressing the passionate pursuit of the ideal world, with passionate feelings, colorful language and magnificent imagination, and many rhetorical devices such as metaphor and exaggeration are used. Such as the works of Li Bai, Li Shangyin and Li He. The graceful school represented by Liu Yong, Li Qingzhao, Jiang Kui and so on in Song Ci, whose works are graceful and implicit, mostly take eroticism as the theme and strictly follow the melody. The bold school represented by Su Shi and Xin Qiji, whose works reflect the broad social life, diverse styles, broad-minded and free-spirited, and impassioned.
(8) The rhetoric of poetry has linguistic features.
The above appreciation means are not the only description of the linguistic features of poetry, and the common analysis methods are: from the aspects of language form, ideogram and image. However, because the middle school textbooks adopt the above classification method, and this method is more comprehensive, it is widely spread. Although the languages of novels and essays are both prose languages, they are different. Novel is an objective language. The author doesn't stand up and say his thoughts and feelings, but let the characters and plots speak for the author. On the other hand, prose is a subjective language. It is not enough for the author not to speak out. The author can speak his mind directly.
Generally speaking, the language of novels can be divided into two categories: one is characterized by narration, and the other is characterized by description. There is no difference between these two categories. Narrative-oriented novels pursue the charm of the whole work, while descriptive novels pursue the uniqueness of the image. A novel featuring narration can be called a plot novel, and a novel featuring description can be called a detail novel. A novel featuring narration is very comfortable to read. It is language-oriented, attracting readers into its artistic world. This sense of language runs through the whole work and is everywhere. The first impression often gives readers is that it is easy and carefree to read. Novels featuring description often attract readers with one detail after another, giving them an image impression, that is, one distinct and concrete detail after another. The works attract readers to keep reading because of the internal relationship between details, so I won't talk about reading here; Novels featuring narration can be read or not. A novel featuring description, its language may be very concise, and it may be a bit astringent to read, but the details of the description are so arresting that we have to read it. Just like the art of looking at pictures, it's just a picture, just an image. This picture and image are very attractive. For example, A Dream of Red Mansions is a novel based on description, while Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a novel based on narration.
Of course, it can't be so absolute, but it's basically like this. In some passionate novels, the author almost speaks standing, because the passion of the works is so strong that the emotions and attitudes have been revealed. Just like the expression on a person's face, everything comes out and there is no opening. However, this is still an objective language, because the author did not say it.