-Don Wang Wei's My Cabin in Wangchuan after Rain
Ke jicheng
Wangchuanzhuang is Wang Wei's seclusion in his later years, in Zhong Nanshan, Lantian, Shaanxi. This is a very charming place with idyllic scenery, and Wang Wei left many beautiful poems and songs for it. Among them, the poem "Wang Chuan Ju after a Long Rain" is especially appreciated by later generations. The so-called "static and motionless" is nothing more than You Cheng's "Accumulated Rain Don't Change". In this poem, this couplet is the most striking: across the rice fields, egrets flying, summer forests, orioles singing. Rich landscape, different colors and shapes of visual impact and auditory experience, just like a vivid three-dimensional map.
The poet also added two emotional colors to this picture: desert and cloudy day. The word "loneliness" is used to describe the breadth of paddy fields and the breadth of vision. It also depicts the dense forest of Wangchuan in summer, which is beautiful, and the words overlap with Yin Yin, and the realm is deeper. The two scenes merge with each other, and the beauty of Wangchuan's scenery is extremely profound.
These two poems also gave birth to many pen and ink lawsuits, and Li Jia, a contemporary poet of Wang Wei? There is a poem "Egrets fly to paddy fields and orioles sing in summer". It's hard to say who copied the poem. But in the Song Dynasty, Ye Mengde thought: "These two benefits are the addition of' desert' and' Yin Yin'." (Stone Forest and Stone Flower) Shen Deqian in Qing Dynasty also thought: "I didn't know the beauty of this sentence was all in the desert and Yin Yin. If you go, it will be a dead sentence. " We carefully appreciate that Paddy Field in the Desert and Summer Trees in the Shade are indeed more vivid and vivid than Paddy Field and Summer Trees. Here, the use of overlapping words is very appropriate, because the desert has a wide range of meanings, and the shade has a profound meaning, highlighting the vague and chaotic tone and atmosphere of rainy weather.
After a heavy rain, I was in Wangchuan's cabin.
Author: year: genre:
Rain is stored in the forest, smoke comes slowly, and steamed quinoa is used to cook millet.
An egret flies over the quiet swamp, and mango birds sing in the trees in midsummer.
I learned to watch the morning glory in the mountains calmly and eat sunflower seeds with dew under the pine branches.
Let's compete with others. Why should I scare seagulls, even if it's an idea? .
1, empty forest: sparse forest.
2. Fireworks came late: Due to the long-term humidity in the rainforest, fireworks rose slowly.
3. Chenopodium album: This refers to vegetables.
4. Hey: This refers to rice.
5. Reimbursement: delivery.
6.east? : refers to the farmers in the eastern fields. ? This refers to the field that has just been cultivated, and this refers to the field.
7. Natsume: Tall trees, especially trees. Xia: Big.
8. Hum: The rotation of birds.
9. Huang Li: Huang Li.
10, a sentence in the mountains: it means living in the mountains and watching hibiscus blossom, which cultivates tranquility. Park: Also called? fallen leaves
Shrub, it blooms early and withers late. Therefore, we can understand the impermanence of life.
Zhai Qing: That means vegetarian food.
12. Dew sunflower: frosted sunflower. Sunflower, as an important vegetable in ancient times, is known as "the master of all kinds of vegetables". This poem is also his later work.
Self-portrayal of life in 2008.
13, Ye Lao: refers to the author himself.
It has been raining for a long time, and the wet fireworks in the woodland are difficult to rise;
Cook the food and give it to the people who work in the east of the village.
The paddy field is vast, and a line of egrets fly away;
In the summer shade, there is an oriole crying.
Cultivate nature in the mountains and watch the flowers pick up in the evening;
Matsushita is vegetarian, while dew-folded sunflower does not touch meat.
The village man is old, and there is no gap with me;
Seagulls are suspicious. Why don't they believe in dancing?
Poetry describes the scenery of Wangchuan village after the rain and the leisurely life after retirement. The first couplet about family life is a poem.
What people can see on the mountain: in the rainy season, the sky is cloudy and the smoke from the kitchen rises slowly; Farmers cook early and pay for grain, which makes them happy.
Country life. Zhuanlian wrote about natural scenery: vast plains, egrets flying, deep mountains and dense forests, orioles singing, and after the rain.
There are paintings all around the river. Poets in the Necklace Association, alone under the secluded pine forest in an empty mountain, watch hibiscus and eat dew sunflower, and avoid it.
A life of isolation. At the end of the couplet, there are two secret words: First, Yang Ziju, recorded in Zhuangzi's Fable, did not return after learning Taoism.
Give your seat again, but fight for it. This shows that poets and villagers are one. The second is "Liezi Emperor":
There are also people close to seagulls at sea who don't suspect each other. Every day, they only swim with him for a hundred years. One day, his father asked him to catch seagulls.
Going home, when he went to the seaside again, seagulls flew in the sky and refused to stop. It means that the mind is not right, so kill him.
Relationship with seagulls. The positive and negative combination of the two classics expresses the poet's indifferent state of mind.
In the Tang Dynasty, Li Zhao's poem "Supplement to National History" said that Wang Wei: "Wei has a poetic name and is easy to take good sentences from others. ...........
Tian Fei egret's poem, mango birds sing in the trees and Li Jiayou in midsummer. "Say" Li You "is an egret flying in paddy field and an oriole in Xia Shu".
Sentence, but there is no such thing as Li Jizhong. Hu Yinglin, an Amin poet, wrote in his poem "The Inner Chapter": "When the Tang Dynasty flourished, it is better to protect the middle Tang Dynasty and stay ahead of it.
People steal in advance? This is a beautiful poem. "Li and Wang are sometimes late. I don't know who is attacking this poem. Song people
Ye Mengde's Shi Lin Shi Hua said: "The advantage of these two sentences is the addition of the words" desert "and" Yin Yin ",which is a charm.
Give directions to Jia You to see his wonders. Such as Li Guangbi will Guo Ziyi rate, a command, wonderful. "In Wang Wei's poems,
The artistic conception is obviously wider, deeper and brighter than Jiayou's.
-Quoted from "Ultra-pure Zhai Shi" bookbest. 163.net Translation and comments: Liu Jianxun.
The scene of autumn rain in Wangchuan, where the poet retired, fascinated the autumn plain in the accumulated rain, and the words "desert" and "yin" in the poem were naturally appropriate, making Longteng clear and easy.
Wangchuanzhuang, located in the middle of Zhong Nanshan Mountain in Lantian, Shaanxi Province, is the place where Wang Wei lives in seclusion. "Biography of Wang Wei in Old Tang Dynasty" records: "All Uighur brothers respect Buddha, live on vegetables and don't eat blood. Grow up fast in your later years and don't wear clothes. " In these seven laws, the poet described his quiet and elegant Zen life with the quiet and beautiful pastoral scenery of Wangchuan, and created a kind of artistic conception of harmony between things and me.
"Rain is stored in the forest, and cigarettes are slowly coming, steamed quinoa, steamed millet and boiled millet." The first couplet describing Tian's life is what the poet saw on the mountain: it was the rainy season, the sky was wet and the air was moist, the smoke rose slowly over the quiet jungle, and the farmers at the foot of the mountain were cooking. Women steamed quinoa and boiled millet, prepared food and took it to Dongmao-Dong Tian, where men went to work early in the morning. As far as the poet can see, he first wrote the fireworks in the empty forest. The word "night" not only vividly described the smoke in the kitchen on rainy days, but also revealed the poet's leisurely mood. Then, we write about cooking in the morning, paying farm money and even having a picnic in the field, showing a series of pictures of people's activities, which are orderly and full of life breath, making people want to see the happy mood of farmer Fu Tian.
The natural scenery written by Zhuan Xu is also the result of the poet's meditation: "An egret flies over the quiet wetland, and mango birds sing in the trees in midsummer." You see, in the vast and empty flat land full of stagnant water, egrets take off, and their posture is so quiet and chic; Listen, far and near, in the beautiful forest, orioles are singing to each other, and their voices are so sweet and happy. In the summer of Wangchuan, birds are flying, and the poet only chooses orioles and egrets with different shapes and habits to describe them in connection with their respective backgrounds: snow-white egrets and golden orioles have different colors in vision; Egrets fly, orioles sing, one takes dynamics, the other takes sound; Desert, describing the wide distribution of paddy fields and broad vision; The sky is cloudy, the summer trees are dense and the realm is deep. These two scenes set off each other and cooperate with each other, making the rainy weather in Wangchuan, Shan Ye picturesque. The so-called "painting in poetry" is a good example.
Li Zhao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, sneered at Wang Wei's "easy-to-take articles and good sentences" (in the national history supplement) because he saw Li Jiayou's poem "Egrets flying in paddy fields and orioles singing in summer". Hu Yinglin, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, advised him to say, "Prosper the Tang Dynasty, protect the middle Tang Dynasty, and protect the people who were stolen before? This is a beautiful poem. " According to the publishing house, Jiayou and Mosha are at the same time. Later, it is hard to say who used whose poem. But from an artistic point of view, their poems are still competitive. Ye Mengde, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said, "The words" desert "and" Yin Yin "are added to these two sentences, which are moved by the charm to show their own beauty. For example, Li Guangbi gave orders to the Guo Ziyi army, which was wonderful several times. " (On Stone Forest Flowers) "Mo Mo" has a broad meaning, while "Yin Yin" has a profound meaning. Compared with "Paddy Field" and "Summer Eye", "Mo Mo Paddy Field" has a broad and profound picture, which is full of sense of realm, rendering the vague tone and atmosphere of rainy weather.
If the carefree working life of farmers written in the first couplet aroused the poet's strong interest and admiration, then the poet would be more intoxicated with the free flight of orioles and egrets. Moreover, in these two couplets, the activities of characters and natural scenery are not simple imitations of objective things, but have been induced and filtered by the poet's mind, with distinct subjective colors and reflecting the poet's personality. For Wang Wei, "Time goes by, but it gives me peace and relief from all kinds of affairs", being in this idyllic Wangchuan Villa is really a happy place, which can't help but make him feel endless fun. The following two couplets express the poet's joy of seclusion in the mountains.
"I learned to watch the morning glory in the mountains calmly and eat sunflower seeds with dew under the pine branches." The poet lived alone in an empty mountain, lived in seclusion under a pine forest, and realized that life was short by participating in hibiscus, and picked sunflower for fasting. This feeling, in the eyes of ordinary people, is too lonely? However, poets who have long been tired of the hustle and bustle of the world have taken great interest in it. Compared with vanity fair, which has always been disturbing and derailed, what a world this is!
Why should I scare seagulls, even if I think about it, by giving the honorary position to any clown? ? Wilder always calls himself a poet. The poet happily declared: I have already gone to the machine, and I have never thought of vulgarity. I am out of my destiny and I have no problems with others. Who else will doubt me for no reason? Ordinary people can almost avoid worldly troubles and indulge in the joy of the mountains. "Zhuangzi Miscellaneous Fables" contains: Yang Zhu went to learn Taoism from Laozi, and the innkeeper greeted him on the way, and all the guests gave up their seats; After coming back from school, tourists no longer give up their seats, but "compete for seats" with him, which shows that Yang Zhu has gained the way of nature and is no longer separated from others. Liezi Huangdi contains: there are people near gulls at sea, and they don't suspect each other. One day, his father asked him to take the seagulls home. When he went to the seaside again, the seagulls flew far away, and his intimate relationship with them was destroyed by his ulterior motives. These two allusions, which are full of colors of Laozi and Zhuangzi, combine into one, expressing the poet's mood, which is the result of writing Zhai Qing and Xi Jing on the first part of the League.
This seven laws, vivid in image and profound in meaning, shows the poet's leisure in seclusion in the mountains and away from the secular world, and is the representative work of Wang Wei's pastoral poems. Once upon a time, some people regarded it as the culmination of the seven laws of the whole Tang Dynasty, saying that it was the acme of "empty the past and accurate the present", which was of course caused by the eccentricity of feudal literati. However, some people think that "elegant and quiet, not better than Yu Cheng's Accumulated Rain". Appreciating the profound artistic conception and superb style of this poem, the artistic opinions are still good. (See Zhao Diancheng's Notes on Wang Youcheng's Collection, Volume 10)