A brief discussion on the cultivation of good reading habits in young children
With the continuous deepening of theoretical and practical research on preschool education, early reading education for young children has begun to attract people's attention. Aiden Chambers, a well-known British educational writer, emphasized in his book "Reading Environment-How Adults Help Children Enjoy Books": "The environment has a very critical impact on young children's reading activities!" New educational concepts It is believed that the age of 3-6 is a critical period for cultivating reading interest and learning habits, and it plays an immeasurable role in developing children's potential. Early reading refers to the early reading preparation for children's transition from oral language to written language, which includes knowing the importance of books and words, being willing to read books, developing good reading habits, and mastering certain reading skills. Early reading can enrich children's vocabulary, improve their understanding of language and oral expression skills, and promote the development of thinking. It is the best way to broaden their horizons, enrich their hearts, develop their minds, and become smarter.
1. Creating a good spiritual environment and maintaining children’s good reading mentality are the prerequisites for stimulating children’s interest in reading
“Interest is the best teacher” and interest is the motivation for learning. , the source of knowledge, children are often particularly interested in the things they like, and will actively participate. Therefore, we should start from children's points of interest and create a variety of good environments suitable for children to read to stimulate children's interest in reading.
Moisturizing things silently, daily implicit education also has a very big impact on children. Children learn through imitation, and children's language is also acquired by imitating the surrounding environment. Children see and listen to every word and deed of teachers in daily life. Therefore, in daily life, we focus on creating a standardized and beautiful language environment for children. Correct pronunciation, standardized grammar, accurate and beautiful language... will set a good example for children. Such an environment can give children a beautiful enjoyment, stimulate their sensitivity to language, promote their independent imitation and learning, and naturally acquire the use of language. This is an essential foundation for cultivating young children's early reading ability.
Teacher’s affirmation is the greatest encouragement for children. As the saying goes: “Good children are praised for their work.” Encouragement and praise for young children are like a rainbow after the rain. Every child Everyone looks forward to the encouragement and affirmation from the teacher. Appropriate positive reinforcement can help stimulate children's interest in reading and enhance their reading confidence. Therefore, in daily reading activities, we will provide timely encouragement to children to stimulate their enthusiasm and autonomy in participating in reading activities, so that children can experience success in reading. A smile, a word of praise, a touch... every tiny movement or word from a teacher will sprinkle nourishing drizzle on the young hearts of children. A good reading atmosphere is generated by the mutual friction between children, teachers, and the environment. We must strive to provide children with a harmonious, supportive, and equal atmosphere to stimulate children's interest in reading and promote the effectiveness of reading.
2. Enrich reading materials, create a relaxed and pleasant reading environment, and cultivate children’s reading habits
The "Kindergarten Education Guidance Outline" clearly states: "The environment is an important educational material , the development of young children should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment." The environment plays a decisive role in the development of young children. The younger the child, the greater the impact of the environment. Creating a good environment can make children's reading more effective. In early reading activities, we should provide children with a large number of targeted, meaningful, and vivid reading materials based on their age characteristics and cognitive levels, and place them in places where children can easily get them, so that children can Freely choose reading materials and independently explore perceptual experiences.
1. Choose appropriate children’s books according to their age characteristics
Cao Wenxuan said: “A person’s interest in reading should start in childhood. In childhood, you have never seen a good book. Books, it is difficult to develop a real interest in reading in your life. "So it is very important to choose the first book in your life. With the foundation of a reading place, there must be a guarantee of reading materials in order for reading activities to be carried out normally. Use a well-lit, quiet corner of the activity room to place a variety of books that children can take and place at will. Suitable children's books are deeply loved by children. Children in small classes like picture books with simple plots, vivid characters, brightly colored pictures, and simple words and sentences. The size of the books should be as large as possible and the paper should be thicker and tougher so that children can read them repeatedly. According to the age characteristics of middle-class children, we choose multi-page picture books for children with relatively complex storylines, relatively more characters, and rich picture content. Some exaggerated and creative stories with distinct emotions of love and hate are deeply loved by middle school children. The range of books chosen by children in upper classes is even wider. Books with complex plots and more text can meet the different needs of children in upper classes. According to the physical and mental characteristics of the children in the upper class, we provide a variety of reading materials in the book corner, such as "Look at Pictures and Talk", "Children's Pictorial", self-made books, etc., which are arranged in categories for children to selectively read independently.
2. Create a relaxed and pleasant reading environment
A relaxed, warm and pleasant reading environment allows children to fall in love with the reading atmosphere before reading. The younger the children, the more likely they are to read. Easily infected by the environment and immersed in it.
A warm reading environment includes two aspects: (1) A comfortable venue and a relaxed reading atmosphere, which facilitates children to read quietly. (2) Determine scheduled and unscheduled reading time. With the guarantee of time, children can form a psychological routine and form a habit of reading. My main purpose is to create a relaxed and enjoyable reading atmosphere for young children. On the basis of creating a kindergarten environment, I also embody shared reading education from the story area with rich language education characteristics. We also prepare story bags for young children, and let them change and organize the books in the story bags from time to time. Story bags not only provide children with more free space, but also enhance their sense of responsibility in the process of organizing their own story bags. In addition, in the placement of materials in the story house, we pay attention to the alternation of movement and stillness. There are headdresses and finger puppets for children to perform; there are three-dimensional pictures for children to arrange pictures and narrate on the background pictures, etc. The materials are in various forms, and each toy is made according to the needs of children, attracting children to take the initiative to talk and like to talk. At the same time, brightly colored pictures are posted on the escalators in the class, with children's songs attached to them, so that children are attracted by the vivid pictures to read the pictures with interest and try to recite the children's songs next to the pictures. Ask the children to decorate our class by themselves, and display the children's paintings on both sides of the corridor, with stories written by the children next to them. Guide children to visit, appreciate and tell their own stories when they come to and leave the park.
In order to create a relaxed, pleasant and harmonious reading environment for children so that they can read freely, sofas, cushions, blankets and other items are provided for children in the reading area. Children can sit on the sofa during activities When reading a book, you can also lean on a cushion and realize that reading is actually a very pleasant thing, thereby achieving the purpose of liking reading and reading mainly. In such an environment, children can develop good reading habits. Children are also attracted by this warmly decorated "book corner" and come here often. In the book corner, children can freely choose reading materials and how to read, either alone or with peers. In addition, I think every corner of the classroom can be a place for children to carry out reading activities, especially during free activities. Children like to pick their favorite books and read them freely in the activity room. Children are the masters of reading. They have the right to independently choose the content and method of reading, as well as the right to choose the place to read. Through the creation of a book corner, children have also developed a good habit of putting items back to their original places. Open reading places and methods stimulate children's interest in reading and promote independent reading.
Children like new things. If the environment of the library corner remains unchanged, the children will lose their sense of novelty over time. Therefore, we will periodically replace or add the content in the book corner according to the theme and the development of the children. For example, after carrying out the reading activity "Little Mouse's Plane", I put the self-made books in the book corner, and they were well received. In order to attract children's love, children look at the pictures and retell the stories in their own words, and the pictures are accompanied by simple sentences. Children can achieve further development through continuous reading and become increasingly interested in reading. Young children greatly enhance their interest in reading in such a reading environment. Sometimes when drinking milk or eating snacks, they will look at, point at, and talk about a picture in groups of twos and threes. Reading activities have been naturally integrated into children's lives. Teachers can achieve good results without deliberately guiding them. reading effect.
3. Reading activities are organically integrated with various fields to promote children to develop the good habit of active reading
All life is education, reading is life, coming from every corner of children’s lives , only by integrating reading activities into children's daily life can the effectiveness of reading be promoted to a greater extent. We make full use of the class environment to help young children carry out reading activities. I also tried to use courseware for teaching activities. For example: In the reading activity "Singing", I used self-made courseware to allow children to appreciate multimedia animations. Its combination of movement and stillness, as well as pictures and texts, stimulated children's strong interest in reading and enabled them to always maintain a positive and happy learning attitude during the activity. , not only deepened the understanding of children's songs, but also improved the sensitivity to words, and the activity effect was better. Therefore, appropriate use of multimedia for teaching can also effectively promote children's interest in reading activities.
Teachers are always aware of cultivating children's reading habits. Children are generally required to wait quietly during some transitional links in children's lives, such as lunch, before noon, washing hands, after lunch, and when leaving the kindergarten. of. In view of the active characteristics of the children in our class, we use this time to organize some reading activities with various forms and rich content, which can also well cultivate children's interests and correct some bad habits of children. For example, the "little radio station" before meals allows children to tell everyone what they heard, saw, and thought about in kindergarten and at home. In this process, they are completely free to choose topics and organize language to express them. We will also organize some story-telling competitions, or the teacher will give the beginning and the children will continue the story; or they will look at pictures and tell the story, or they will play freely. Various forms will stimulate the children's active participation and make reading effective and interesting.
Using role-playing games to promote effective reading in young children is also one of our initiatives. In the role-playing game "Doudoulong Theater", there are various hand puppets, headdresses, etc., and the children can play in this theater. The stories they heard and learned were performed together, and sitcoms that were loved by children such as "Monkey's Taxi", "Little Mole's Birthday", "The Tortoise and the Hare" were born one after another. , these games fully demonstrate children's reading achievements.
In the theme activities, we also focus on cultivating children’s reading habits. For example, the art activity "Kitten Comics" we launched is a good example. Children can boldly imagine the story of the kitten, draw the story with characters, plots and places, and encourage young children to tell it boldly. Children's painting and expression skills have been exercised at the same time, and their self-confidence and imagination have also been improved. Under the guidance of the teacher, the children also made a "Kitten Comic Book" and placed it in the library. These self-made picture books were extremely popular. After the comprehensive activity "Spelling the Little People" was carried out, I recorded the children's songs based on the little people they made and displayed them on the theme wall, which attracted many children to come and watch. After mastering the children's songs taught, the children can recite the children's adapted children's songs according to the patterns next to them. The child has a positive interaction with the surrounding environment. This interactive process is the process of the child's independent reading, which is reflected in the child's life.
It is such flexible and diverse activities that make full use of children's various life experiences, provide children with a variety of opportunities to use and learn language, and allow children to develop from the different characteristics of various experiences. Their different effects on language learning enable children to gain language experience from rich and diverse activities, and promote the development of children's reading ability and even language.
4. Home is consistent, improve parents’ ability to guide children to read, and help children develop good reading habits
Parents are their children’s first teachers, and family is their children’s first priority school. Children spend most of their time at home, and parents' influence on their children is very important. From the moment a child is born, parents have been constantly communicating with their children through language, telling stories to their children with picture books, and the children will be influenced by the parents. Parents are educational resources that cannot be ignored. They have a unified home, guide children in reading, and can absorb to immeasurable effects. Interaction at home can continue, consolidate and develop children's interests and learning experiences. There is also an inseparable connection between the creation of a family reading environment and the cultivation of children's reading interests. We often guide parents and children to share the joy of reading together. Encourage parents to use their spare time to read with their children, carry out reading activities with their children in the form of games, ask relevant questions to their children based on the content of the reading materials, and give timely affirmation and praise to their children's answers. , and reward or punish appropriately.
Parents should support children’s reading, meet their needs, read with their children, and grow together. Parents have provided their children with a variety of reading materials and purchased various books with pictures and texts. These books include fairy tales, introductions to animals and plants, small scientific experiments, sports knowledge, etc., which enrich their children's lives and cultivate their reading skills. interest. During the conversation with parents, the teacher learned that some parents still recite fairy tales to their children in their free time. It is appropriate for the children to continue the ending of the story so that the children can hear and understand clearly and gradually fall in love with reading. Some people say: "Mother's gentle reading is the most beautiful music of childhood." This kind of home-based interactive parent-child reading lays a solid foundation for children's growth and promotes the development of children's good qualities. Teachers use various methods to mobilize the enthusiasm of parents and children to read together, so that children can reach the level of independent formal reading as soon as possible, and have a golden key that can open the door of "books", which is a treasure trove, to obtain what they want. Everything you can get.
In short, for children who are new to reading, we should focus on stimulating children’s interest in reading and cultivate children’s reading habits as a supplement. Educate and guide children according to their physical and mental characteristics, seize good opportunities, create a relaxed and pleasant environment for children, and allow children to associate reading with pleasant experiences.
Children’s early reading is a long-term and systematic educational project. It requires parents and teachers to cultivate and guide children in a purposeful and reasonable manner so that children can develop good reading interests and reading habits, so that they can gain from it. All aspects of knowledge promote the development of their thinking, imagination, language expression and other abilities. On the premise of having books to read and "knowing" how to read, children's reading ability will naturally improve. The acquisition of this ability has an impact that cannot be underestimated on children's lifelong development. We must not miss this opportunity and delay children's lifelong development. For the healthy growth of children, let us pay more attention to early reading education for children, cultivate children's reading interests and habits, lay the foundation for children's future growth, and enable them to benefit from the blessings that reading books brings to their lives throughout their lives!
"Reading is life, reading is a game, and reading is learning." It tells us that children's picture and text reading is ubiquitous and ever-present. We should get more content from children's lives, Integrate picture and text reading into children's lives, and use games to teach, stimulate children's interest in reading, and promote the effectiveness of children's reading.