The Song Dynasty was a prosperous stage of the cultural development of my country's feudal society, and the cultural achievements represented by Song Ci reached a historical peak. The development of Chinese tea culture has emerged on the basis of the Tang Dynasty with more and more splendid chapters. The feudal culture characterized by tea culture has reached an unprecedented height.
1. Famous teas mentioned in poems
There are many poems in the Song Dynasty, some of which mention famous teas at that time. Some of these famous teas have been famous teas since the Tang Dynasty. For example, Mengding tea, Guzhu purple bamboo shoot tea, and some newly emerged in the Song Dynasty, such as Beiyuan tea, etc.
Dragon and Phoenix tea, the most famous tea in the Song Dynasty, was produced in the Jianxi Basin of Fujian. The poem is found in Wang Yucheng's "Dragon and Phoenix Tea". The sample is marked with the dragon and phoenix number and the title is new. I was given the gift because I was a close minister. The cooking place is not expected to be filled with Shangling water. I want to build Xichun through time and space. The fragrance is in the air of orchid in Jiuwan, and it is as round as the bright moon wheel in three autumns. If you don't cherish it for fear of running out, you will only be able to support your old relatives.
Jiukeng Tea, one of the tribute teas of the Tang Dynasty and a famous tribute tea in the Song Dynasty, was produced in Chun'an County, Zhejiang Province today. The poem can be found in Fan Zhongyan's "Jiukeng Tea".
Shuangjing Tea, one of the tribute teas at that time, was produced in Xiushui County, Jiangxi Province. The poem can be found in Ouyang Xiu's "Shuangjing Tea":
The water in the Xijiang River is clear, the stone is old, and the stone is growing. Tea is like chicken feet.
The spring air is early when the wax is not cold, and the buds in Shuangjing are the first to grow hundreds of herbs.
The white hair follicles are covered with red green gauze, and ten pounds of tea nourish one or two buds.
The five noble houses of Chang'an are rich and powerful, and one sip takes three days to praise them.
Baoyun's daily castings are not impeccable, fighting for the new and abandoning the old world's favors.
How do you know that a gentleman has constant virtue and that the most valuable thing does not change with the light?
If you don’t see the dragon and phoenix in Jianxi, the fragrance and color of the old days will not change.
In my old age, I have lost my taste for the old world, and my favorite thing is still drinking tea.
2. Phenomenons such as giving tea and expressing gratitude to tea
The emperor in the Tang Dynasty would occasionally give some tribute tea to ministers. In the Song Dynasty, the practice of giving tea was very popular and was favored by the emperor. Ministers who gifted tea often wrote poems or articles to express their gratitude to the emperor for the gift, which was called a "Tea Thank You Table". For example, Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan and others wrote such "Tea Thank You Tables", see Liu Yuxi's "Dai Wuzhong Cheng Xie" "New Tea Table", some examples of related poems can be seen below.
Wang Yu's "Dragon and Phoenix Tea": "The sample is marked with the title of Dragon and Phoenix, and the title is new. If you get it, you have to be a close minister."
Cai Xiang's "Beiyuan Tea": "It is specially intended to keep the elixir forbidden, and to give special favor to the ministers close to me."
Mei Yaochen's "Qibao Tea": "After sipping, I feel that the king is very kind, so stop making ordinary first-class compliments."
3. Use tea to express feelings and worry about the country and the people
In the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a period of economic prosperity in the Central Plains in the nearly hundred years before the "Jingkang Incident", and the tea fighting at that time With the popularity of tea banquets, tea poems and tea lyrics mostly express the content of meeting friends over tea, singing to each other, touching the scene, and expressing feelings. The most representative one is Ouyang Xiu's poem "Two Wells Tea":
The water in the Xijiang River is clear and the rocks are old, and the tea growing on the rocks is like a chicken's claw.
The spring air is early when the weather is not cold, and the grass grows first in Shuangjing.
The white hair follicles are treated with red blue gauze and ten dendrobium tea to nourish one or two buds.
The five noble families in Chang'an are rich and powerful, and one sip must be praised for three days.
Because the Southern Song Dynasty was peaceful in the south of the Yangtze River, there were a lot of content about the country, the people, and sadness in the tea poems and lyrics. The most representative ones are the tea poems by Lu You and Yang Wanli. Lu You said in his poem "Twelve Late Autumn Miscellaneous Poems":
What's the point of buying wine and complaining? It's shameful to talk about life with clear words.
Liaojiang Hengpu red silk tea, homemade Mengshan purple bamboo shoot tea.
The poem reflects the author's poor life in his later years and no money to buy wine, so he had to substitute tea for wine and grind the tea himself.
In Yang Wanli's "Brewing Shuangjing Tea with Liuyi Spring", he sang:
The sun casts a stream to build a house close to the house, and the sunset and autumn water return home in dreams.
When will I return to Prince Teng’s Pavilion and watch the stove cook for myself?