(1) Poet Saint - Du Fu
Du Fu (712 AD - 770 AD), also known as Shaoling Ye Lao, was named Zimei. Han nationality, whose ancestral home is Xiangyang, a native of Gong County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Henan Province). A great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty, he and Li Bai were collectively known as "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also collectively known as "Big Li Du", and Du Fu is often called "Old Du".
Du Fu had a profound influence on Chinese classical poetry. He was called the "Sage of Poetry" by later generations, and his poems were called the "History of Poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Thatched Cottage. Du Fu created such masterpieces as "Spring Look", "Northern Expedition", "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he escaped the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about the common people and national affairs.
Although Du Fu is a realist poet, he also has a wild and uninhibited side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroic spirit from his famous work "Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking". The core of Du Fu's thoughts is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. He has the grand ambition of "bringing the emperors Yao and Shun to the throne, and then making the customs pure." Although Du Fu was not well-known during his lifetime, he later became famous and had a profound impact on both Chinese and Japanese literature. About 1,500 poems by Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected in "Du Gongbu Collection".
(2) Immortal Poetry——Li Bai
Li Bai (701-762), also known as Taibai, also known as Qinglian Jushi, also known as "Exiled Immortal". He was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty and was hailed as the "Immortal of Poetry" by later generations. Together with Du Fu, they are called "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, who are called "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Li Du". He is cheerful and generous, loves drinking, writing poetry, and making friends.
Li Bai's "Collection of Li Taibai" has been handed down from generation to generation, and most of his poems were written when he was drunk. His representative works include "Wanglu Mountain Waterfall", "The Road is Difficult", "The Road to Shu is Difficult", "About to Drink", "Yue Nu Ci", "Early Departure from Baidi City" and many other poems.
The Song Dynasty people have biographies of Li Bai's poems and poems (such as the first volume of Wen Ying's "Xiangshan Wild Records"). In terms of its pioneering significance and artistic achievements, "Li Bai's Ci" enjoys an extremely high status.
(3) Poetry Demon——Bai Juyi
Bai Juyi (772-846), whose courtesy name was Letian, also known as Xiangshan Jushi, and Mr. Zuiyin, was born in Taiyuan, and passed away to his great-grandfather. He moved to Xiagui and was born in Xinzheng, Henan. He was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the three major poets in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen jointly advocated the New Yuefu Movement, known as "Yuan Bai" in the world, and "Liu Bai" together with Liu Yuxi.
Bai Juyi's poetry has a wide range of themes, diverse forms, and simple and popular language. He is known as the "Poetry Demon" and the "Poetry King". He became a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy and a doctor of Zuo Zanshan. In 846 AD, Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan. There is "Bai's Changqing Collection" handed down from generation to generation, and his representative poems include "Song of Everlasting Sorrow", "Charcoal Seller", "Pipa Play" and so on.
(4) God of Poetry - Su Shi
Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), also named Zizhan, also named Hezhong, and given the name Dong. Po layman, known as Su Dongpo and Su Xian in the world. Han nationality, a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now part of Meishan City, Sichuan Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty. His ancestral home is Luancheng, Hebei Province. He is a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Su Shi is the representative of the highest achievements in literature in the Song Dynasty, and has achieved high achievements in poetry, lyrics, prose, calligraphy, and painting. His poems have broad themes, are fresh and bold, are good at using exaggerated metaphors, and have a unique style. Together with Huang Tingjian, they are called "Su Huang"; His writings are grand and bold, and he is known as "Ou Su" together with Ouyang Xiu, and is one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi was also good at calligraphy and was one of the "Four Masters of the Song Dynasty"; he was good at painting, especially good at ink bamboo, strange rocks, dead wood, etc. There are "Dongpo Seven Collections", "Dongpo Yi Zhuan", "Dongpo Yuefu" and so on.
(5) Poetry Maniac - He Zhizhang
He Zhizhang (about 659-about 744), named Jizhen, in his later years called himself Siming Kuangke, Han nationality, famous in the Tang Dynasty Poet and calligrapher, he was born in Yongxing, Yuezhou (now Xiaoshan, Zhejiang). He was famous for his poetry when he was young. In the first year of Zhengsheng (695), Wu Zetian became the number one scholar in Yiwei, and was awarded Doctorate of the Four Gates of Guozi and moved to Doctorate of Taichang. Later, he served successively as Minister of Rites, Secretary and Supervisor, and Guest of the Crown Prince.
He was open-minded and uninhibited, and was known as "a smooth talker". He was particularly indulgent in his later years, calling himself "Si Ming Kuang Ke" and "Secretary and Supervisor". He retired and returned to his hometown at the age of eighty-six, and passed away. He was a poet in the early Tang Dynasty and a famous calligrapher. Together with Zhang Ruoxu, Zhang Xu and Bao Rong, they are known as the "Four Scholars of Wuzhong". He Zhizhang's poems are famous for their quatrains. In addition to the music for worshiping gods and the poems he composed, his landscape descriptions and lyrical works have a unique style, fresh and unrestrained. The famous "Ode to the Willows" and "Returning to the Hometown" are two well-known poems and have been passed down through the ages. Most of his works Scattered and lost, there are still 19 poems recorded in "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty".
(6) Poetry and Buddha——Wang Wei
Wang Wei (701-761, one theory is 699-761), a poet in Puzhou, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi) in the Tang Dynasty ), whose ancestral home is Qi County, Shanxi Province, is a famous poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty, with the courtesy name Mojie and the nickname Mojie Jushi. In the 19th year of Kaiyuan (731), Wang Wei became the champion. Li Guanyou collected relics, censored the censor, and made the judge during the Hexi Festival. During the Tianbao period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei paid homage to the official doctor and gave him a job. When An Lushan captured Chang'an, Wang Wei was forced to take a pseudo-post.
After Chang'an was recovered, he was awarded the title of Prince Zhongyun. During the Qianyuan period of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, he served as Shangshu Youcheng, and was known as "Wang Youcheng" in his later life.
Wang Wei studied Zen and understood philosophy, studied Zhuang Daoism, and was proficient in poetry, calligraphy, painting, music, etc. He was famous among Kaiyuan and Tianbao for his poems, especially five-character poems, which often sang about mountains, rivers and pastoral areas, and collaborated with Meng Haoran. He is called "Wang Meng" and is also known as the "Poetry Buddha". His calligraphy and painting were so exquisite that later generations regarded him as the ancestor of Nanzong landscape painting. Su Shi commented on him: "When you taste Mojie's poems, there are paintings in the poems; when you look at Mojie's paintings, there are poems in the paintings." There are more than 400 poems in existence, and representative poems include "Acacia", "Mountain Dwelling in the Autumn Twilight" and so on. His works include "The Collection of Wang Youcheng" and "Secrets of Painting".
(7) Poetry Ghost - Li He
Li He (about 791 AD - about 817 AD), whose courtesy name is Changji, is "the founder of Changji style poetry." A native of Fuchang, Henan (now Yiyang County, Luoyang, Henan) in the Tang Dynasty, he lived in Changgu, Fuchang, which was later called Li Changgu. He was a member of the Tang clan and a descendant of Li Liang (King Dazheng), the uncle of Li Yuan, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. Known as the "Poetry Ghost", he is a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty who is as famous as the "Poetry Sage" Du Fu, the "Poetry Immortal" Li Bai and the "Poetry Buddha" Wang Wei. There are famous works such as "Yanmen Taishou's Journey" and "Li Ping Konghou Yin". He is the author of "Changgu Collection".
Li He was a romantic poet in the mid-Tang Dynasty. Together with Li Bai and Li Shangyin, they were called the Three Lis of the Tang Dynasty. He is a representative of the transition period from the mid-Tang Dynasty to the late Tang Dynasty. Most of the poems he wrote lamented his untimely birth and inner depression, expressing his pursuit of ideals and ambitions; they reflected the separatist rule of vassal towns, the dictatorship of eunuchs, and the cruel exploitation of the people at that time. He left behind some eternal good sayings such as "Dark clouds threaten to destroy the city", "When the rooster sings the world becomes white", "If the sky is affectionate, the sky will also grow old".