Zhang Dai was born in an official family. His ancestors were Zhang Jun, a famous warrior against gold in Song Dynasty, and Zhang Renfu, a great-grandfather and scholar. His grandfather Zhang Rulin is a scholar. When I arrived at my father Zhang, he didn't work for production, but buried himself in ancient books every day. He doesn't take exams every year, so his family is going downhill. Born in such a prominent family, although the family has ups and downs from time to time, it is no harm that in the first half of his life, Zhang Dai indulged in debauchery and enjoyed the ultimate lewdness.
He summed up his first half of life in the article "For His Epitaph": "Zhang Dai, a native of Shu, is famous. I am a little guy. I love prosperous and exquisite houses, beautiful girls, pimps, fresh clothes, delicious food, good horses, beautiful lanterns, fireworks, pear orchards, good publicity, good antiques, flowers and birds, tea, poetry and magic. I've worked hard for half my life. This is all a dream. At the age of 50, the country was ruined and lived in seclusion. There are only a few broken beds, a few broken violins and a few broken books, except an inkstone. Clothes and vegetables are often eaten until they are cooked badly. Learning books, swords, exercises, essays, immortals, buddhas, and agricultural gardens are all-encompassing. " This passage is not only Zhang Dai's "self-report", but also a scholar's courage and confidence.
Where is Zhang Dai's former residence in Shaoxing? I found the answer on the inscription of Shaoxing Hotel at the northern foot of Longshan in Yi School: "Zhang Dai, an essayist in the Ming Dynasty, lived in Kuaiyuan for 24 years because of the invasion of the Qing army, the country's demise and the diaspora of future generations." It turns out that Shaoxing Hotel is the seat of Express Hospital. The mountain pillow flows in and the environment is elegant. According to local chronicles and Zhang Dai's Huiyuan Ji, Huiyuan was the villa of Han Yike, an imperial envoy in the early Ming Dynasty. Later, a scholar named Zhu Gongdan became the east bed of the Han family and was called "son-in-law", so Yuan was also called "quick garden". Qi Biaojia, a famous scholar in the Ming Dynasty, said in Yuezhong Garden Pavilion: "Climbing the Dragon Mountain Shadow is a garden for princes." After the Qing soldiers entered the customs, the country was ruined and Zhang Dai was reduced from a noble child to Amin. His bed is broken and he lives in poverty. However, he had the opportunity to live in Huiyuan for 24 years, and his books Zhuang and Kai and Huiyuan Valley Road were also published here.
Kuaiyuan is a Taoist temple in Qing Dynasty. In the tenth year of the Republic of China, local gentry who were enthusiastic about charity built a charity club here, which lasted for more than three years and was named "Licheng Lingxiao Club". At that time, Vietnamese and China famous doctors were asked to take turns to sit in the clinic, and charitable men and women raised funds to buy medicinal materials. Poor people who have no money to buy medicine can go to this place to see a doctor and take medicine for free. At that time, the medicinal materials in Lingxiao society were even more complete than those in ordinary pharmacies. As long as doctors prescribe precious medicinal materials for helpless treatment, pharmacies will give them all the correct answers. The existing Shaoxing Hotel "Fengta" is the main hall of the club, and the east and west wing rooms are the places where medicine is stored for free clinic. There is a garden stone bridge in the courtyard, with the words "crossing the world to make a golden beam" on the bridge column, all of which are relatively well-preserved original works of the year.
In "Tao An Meng Yi", Zhang Dai described that he visited Longshan and Yueyuan with his grandfather Zhang Rulin when he was a child. It can be said that Kuaiyuan is a place that embodies the hometown complex of Zhang Dai's life.
In his later years, Zhang Dai avoided living in the mountains, was unruly all his life, indifferent to fame and fortune, and insisted on writing. Dong Jinjian, a native, commented: "My teacher was born in a famous family, but was changed by the country in the 1950s. Dumen Xie Peng, write a book. "
The predecessors commented: "The more talents I have in the Ming Dynasty, they are all called He Zhang, which is better than Bo."