Minnan Fujian is called Fujian for short, and Minnan refers to the south of Fujian. Geographically, it can be said that it is Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Putian and Longyan.
These five areas can all be called Minnan. But what we usually say in Minnan has a specific meaning, not including Putian.
Hakka counties in Longyan except xinluo district and zhangping city are mainly divided according to language, culture and customs.
Putian dialect is slightly different from Minnan dialect. Longyan dialect is Hakka dialect except xinluo district and zhangping city.
Neither place belongs to the Minnan language family. Therefore, the narrow sense of Minnan only refers to three regions-Xiamen-Quanzhou-Zhangzhou.
Fujian writers generally have a broader world vision. As "the first person to see the world", Lin Zexu left a lot of poems after taking office, which became the literary style of an era. Yan Fu's contribution to the introduction of western social science theory was unparalleled at that time. Lin Qinnan, on the other hand, introduced a series of foreign novels with his skillful translation skills, and introduced far-reaching western social concepts and literary practices into the literary revolution that China's social transformation was bound to come, which became a prelude to the social revolution and literary revolution. The legacy of this world vision has always benefited the later Fujian writers.
Secondly, due to the limited land and the marginal culture in Fujian, most Fujian writers feel uneasy about being stuck in their hometown far from the center and with narrow development space, and prefer to wander after suffering. This is the influence of marine culture with a long-term immigration tradition. Getting started is a worm, going out is a dragon, and the word "people" is a worm in the door. Most Fujian writers who don't want to stay indoors and become ants leave their homes, or go north to Shanghai and Beijing or south to Nanyang. The former is mostly out of the pursuit of ideals, while the latter is more forced by life. Almost all Fujian writers who have made a name for themselves in the history of China's new literature since modern times have taken root in Fujian and blossomed everywhere. Bing Xin, Zheng Zhenduo, Xu Dishan, Lin Yutang, Lu Yin, Lin, Hu Yepin and so on. In other words, the poet of July, the poet of Nine Leaves, and Bai Bian, a playwright famous for Enemy at the Gates, are all overseas Chinese from Fujian. They all returned to the motherland after living in Nanyang for a period of time and made achievements in literature.
Thirdly, the romantic feelings of marine culture make Fujian writers' cultural character more personal and lyrical; This is also the potential cultural reason why the advantages of Fujian literature have long been in prose and poetry rather than novels.
Fourthly, compared with creation, Fujian scholars' theoretical criticism has far exceeded its influence. In 1980s, Wang Meng proposed that Beijing School, Shanghai School and Fujian School were the three pillars of literary theory. Sun Shaozhen and Nan Fan pointed out in the preface of Fujian School Literary Theory Series that this literary theory, which rose suddenly in China during the cultural transition period, has two wonderful performances. A group of cultural pioneers emerged at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century during the enlightenment of China's social and cultural transformation; Second, there was another incident in the 1980s. The debate on misty poetry and the discussion on subjectivity and methodology led by Fujian scholars deepened the literary reform in the 1980s and pushed Fujian scholars to the academic front. Since then, the growing new army of Fujian's literary theory still occupies an important position like "pouring water on the ground, from east to west, from north to south" in the fierce competition between talent and boldness of vision of newcomers.
The narrow geographical pattern of Fujian bordering on the sea in the south and mountains in the north formed Fujian's cultural marginal position in history, and made unremitting efforts to force Fujian people out of the marginal center. With the development of transportation and information, the negative influence of geographical division on literature has gradually weakened, but psychological division is still an important factor preventing literature in marginal areas from entering the center. In recent years, the development of Fujian literature, especially the gratifying situation of novel creation, both writers who left Fujian, such as Beicun, and writers who stayed at home, such as Yang, Beibei, Xuyigua and Chen Xi Wo, have explained this change. In the past, Fujian writers had to go out of Fujian, change their identity from "Fujian people" to "Fujian citizens", and realize themselves with the help of cultural experiences and cultural advantages in different places; So now this kind of "going out" has become not absolutely necessary. Sticking to the local "edge" may also enter the center, and may even become an alternative to the center with the advantage of "edge".
Some people use "a worm inside the door, a dragon outside the door" to describe Fujian people, which is quite memorable.
What does this mean? "A worm in the door" refers to the word Fujian, which is short for Fujian. Fujian has been in a backward state for a long time in history, so Fujian people are often looked down upon. Poor production, inconvenient transportation and poor hygiene. In life, many people do not have enough to eat and wear warm clothes; Most children can't go to school and there are piles of illiterates.
Fujian is poor and backward. Of course, Fujian is not born stupid or lazy. There are other reasons.
First of all, Fujian is located in a remote area of China, with a large population, few fields and backward economy, just like a paradise. After the Jin Dynasty, the Central Plains was in war for years, and the population moved southward. Most of the immigrants moved south are concentrated in Fujian, especially in the coastal areas of Fujian. The increase of population has brought great pressure to Fujian. In that era when agriculture was the foundation of the country and agricultural technology was very backward, it was difficult for people to eat and dress, let alone develop culture and education. It would be even worse if there were famine years. People are desperate, fleeing from each other and living on the streets as beggars; At that time, people who sold their children heard everything.
Secondly, Fujian is located in a remote place, the mountain is high and the emperor is far away, and its political corruption has always ranked first in the country. Xu Zonggan, a Qing man, once said that the state bureaucracy in Fujian is extremely bad. Local officials only know how to plunder people's butter and fat for them to enjoy, regardless of people's lives. Coupled with the constant invasion of foreign powers in modern times, many farmers went bankrupt and lost their homes. To make matters worse, how can Fujian not fall behind in this situation?
Faced with poverty and backwardness, many Fujian people with conscience and talent are worried, but they can't play a role in their hometown. Some people have to try to leave their ancestral homes and explore the world outside. Or go to Taiwan Province Province to engage in development and construction, or go to various places in Nanyang to engage in handicrafts or business, in short, to make a living outside. This is why there are so many Taiwan Province compatriots whose ancestral home is Fujian, and so many overseas Chinese who belong to Fujian.
Watch "A Dragon Outside the Door" again. This is a nickname. After Fujian entered Taiwan Province or went to all parts of Southeast Asia, it played a great role and won the attention and respect of the world. People use the word "pet", that is, love or glory, to describe Fujian people after going out, which is very appropriate.
Historically, Fujian has made great contributions to the development and construction of Taiwan Province Province, the defense of Taiwan Province Province and the unified cooperation between Taiwan Province Province and the mainland. The achievements of Yan Siqi, Zheng Chenggong, Chen Yonghua, Jianlang, Wu Feng, Guan Sha and Shen Baozhen will go down in history forever. They are all from Fujian. Overseas Chinese and Fujian Chinese play an equally obvious role in all parts of Southeast Asia, and Chen Jiageng and Huang Nai Yuan are well known and respected. They are also from Fujian.
Fujian people have made numerous achievements in all walks of life outside. They are the glory and pride of Fujian people.