First, positive description: directly describe the appearance, language, psychology and movements of the characters.
(1) Portrait description (appearance description): Reveal the identity, circumstances and social environment of the characters, and vividly express the inner world and personality characteristics of the characters.
(2) action description: It shows the mental outlook of the character and directly reflects the character. It plays an important role in character description. )
(3) Language description: express the feelings of the characters, reflect the character characteristics of the characters, and reflect the characteristics of the times in which the characters live.
(4) Psychological description: refers to the psychological activities of the characters in a specific environment. Reveal the character's heart and portray the character.
(5) Expression description: It is a description of the facial expressions of the characters, which can show the psychology of the characters from the side, thus highlighting the characters' personality.
2. Description of characters: from the description and description of other characters and events, the atmosphere is rendered, the characters are compared, or the characters are described through other people's comments, that is, the method of "seeing the moon through the clouds" is adopted to achieve the purpose of "virtual" and "real". So profile description is also called indirect description.
(a) description of the environment
1, description of natural environment: contrast the emotions of characters; Render an atmosphere; Lead out or pave the way for the following; Point out the season, place and people; Express the relationship between characters; Express the character; Connecting the preceding with the following.
Writing about scenery is one of the common contents in ancient poetry. By describing the scenery, the author can render the atmosphere, express emotions, deepen the center and promote the development of the plot.
2. Description of social environment: The narrow social environment refers to the place, background and atmosphere. In a broad sense, it refers to the sum of social life and interpersonal relationships in a certain historical period.
(2) The reaction and evaluation of people around you.
Extended data:
Six ancient poems
Writing about scenery is one of the common contents in ancient poetry. By describing the scenery, the author can render the atmosphere, express emotions, deepen the center and promote the development of the plot. Descriptive techniques are mainly divided into positive description and side description. There are six common descriptive appreciation angles in the college entrance examination:
(a) profile description-foil
For example, Wang Mian's "White Eyebrows" in the Yuan Dynasty: I am in a forest of ice and snow, and peaches and plums are mixed with fragrant dust. Suddenly, the breeze rose overnight and dispersed into a dry spring in Wan Li.
This poem highlights the characteristics of plum blossom, such as cold tolerance, lofty and welcoming the spring. It mainly uses the methods of contrast and contrast. Set-off is a way to make B stand out by describing A, which can be divided into set-off and contrast.
For example, in Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream, "the roof height18,000 feet, and at this point, it began to turn to the southeast" was used to set off the height of Mount Tianmu. In Pipa Trip, the moon in the river "We saw the white autumn moon entering the middle of the river" set off the charming pipa sound, and "When the river mysteriously widens towards the full moon" set off the sad mood of the characters.
(B) various rhetorical devices
For example, Xin Qiji's "Fishing": He has already gone to sea, moved from Hubei to Hunan, and paid tribute to Wang Li's Xiaoshan Pavilion. How many storms can you save? In a hurry, spring is back. Cherish spring for fear of early blooming, not to mention countless red flowers. Live in spring, see that there is no turning back at the end of the world. Hate spring and have no words. It's just diligent, and it's doing everything in Yogyakarta.
The main rhetorical methods used by the author in the process of borrowing scenery to express emotion are questioning and comparison. The rhetorical devices used in poetry are roughly the same as those used in other styles.
(C) positive description-the combination of dynamic and static.
For example, Wang Wei's "Autumn Night in the Mountains": after the rain, the mountains are empty and stand in the autumn night. The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks. The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe. Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time.
Zhuan Xu's description of the bright moon in the sky is static, with pine trees covered, clear mountain springs and flowing stones dynamic. Because of the abundant water after the rain, the mountain spring increased its flowing potential, flowed over the stones and made a sound to set off the tranquility in the mountain. When describing the scenery, the poet pays great attention to the contrast between dynamic and static scenery, which can be combined with static, static and static. The combination of dynamic and static is often related to foil.
(D) Positive description-the combination of reality and reality
For example, Liu Yong's "Yulin Order": The cicada mourns, the pavilion is late, and the shower begins to rest. All the accounts are in no mood, and the blue boat is ruined where I miss them. Holding hands and looking at each other, tears swirled in my eyes until there were no words at last, and a thousand words stuck in my throat and I couldn't say it. Missing thousands of miles of smoke and waves, the evening is heavy. Since ancient times, feelings of sadness and parting are even more worthy of being left out in the cold. Where did you wake up tonight? Yang Liuan and Xiaofeng are dying. This is a long time, people who love each other are not together, and I even expect to be satisfied with the good weather and scenery in name only. Customs are strange, who to talk to.
The poem "Where the wine wakes up tonight, there is a lingering moon on the willow bank" envisages a farewell scene: a boat leaves the shore, and the poet wakes up from a drunken dream, only to see the rustling breeze blowing, and the lingering moon hangs on the willow tip, which multiplies the sadness of parting in imagination. In poetry, "reality" refers to the real image existing in the objective world, while "emptiness" refers to the imaginary scene. The two are interrelated, infiltrated and transformed, which can reach the realm of virtual reality, enrich the images in the poem, open up the artistic conception in the poem and provide readers with a broad aesthetic space.
(E) Front description-color rendering
For example, Du Fu's quatrains: two orioles sing green willows, and a row of egrets go up to the sky. My window framed the snow-covered western hills. My door often says "goodbye" to ships sailing eastward.
The author emphasizes the newly sprouted willow branches, paired orioles, free egrets and blue sky. Four bright colors are fresh and bright, forming a gorgeous picture.
(6) positive description-observing the change of angle.
For example, Du Mu's "Mountain Walk": The stone path of Hanshan Mountain is oblique, and there are people in Bai Yunsheng. Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February flowers.
The first two sentences describe the prospect of Akiyama. The first sentence describes the majestic scenery of the autumn mountain and shows the poet's courage to climb it. The second sentence describes a specific scene in the autumn mountain, and several families can be seen faintly under the white clouds fluttering sky. The last two sentences depict a close-up of Akiyama. The phrase "Frost leaves are redder than flowers in February" is full of vitality, bright, fresh and vivid, giving people a sense of beauty that Qiu Guang is better than spring.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Description Skills