Sushan Temple is the work of Jia Dao, a poet in Tang Dynasty. This poem describes what the poet saw and felt when he spent the night in a mountain temple. The first couplet highlights the height of the Buddhist temple and describes the strangeness of the night scene. The neck couplet reflects the height and depth of the top of the mountain, and the tail couplet sets off the quiet environment on the mountain. The poetic style is quiet and elegant, and the language is concise, especially the two couplets highlight the subtlety of the poet's refined words, which has won the appreciation of future generations.
Sushansi
The towering mountain peak is cold, and a Buddhist temple stands on the top of the mountain.
Meteors are hydrophobic and the moon is retrograde.
The mountains are high and rare, and the pine forest stands out from the crowd.
An 80-year-old monk has never heard of what happened in the world.
Vernacular translation
The peaks are cold, and a Buddhist temple stands quietly on the top of the mountain. There are stars in the night sky in the clear and gurgling water. The water is flowing, but it seems that the stars are also flowing. Clouds in the sky are floating over the moon, and clouds are floating over, but the moon seems to be walking. Few people come to the top of the mountain, and pine trees stand on high places like lonely wild cranes. An old monk in his eighties has never heard of what happened in the world.
Literary appreciation
Jia Dao's Sushan Temple is contained in 573 volumes of All Tang Poems. One mountain, one temple, one star, one water, one cloud, one pine, one crane and one monk in January. When you come here for one night, you can't help feeling bored and the idea of conversion arises spontaneously. The coldness of the cave, the twinkling of the meteor, the sparseness of the trees, the rebellion of walking on the moon, the journey of clouds, the height of the pine nest, the absence of cranes, the chaos of the old monk, the poet's brushwork, seclusion, being far away from the secular world and being noble and superior are really sighs and revelations between the lines.
Start with the visual image: the peaks are towering and the mountains are undulating, so it is unnecessary to use more pen and ink. Use a "cold", its color is green, jade floats, and there is a chill; The word "shrug" is extremely magical, the mountain is high and the peak is extremely tall and straight. The temple where the poet stayed is located on the top of a mountain surrounded by peaks. The author uses ink painting to outline the lonely and cold features of this mountain temple.
At the beginning of the couplet, there is a strange pen. The meteor is sparse, but the star does not move. The shadow falls into the water, but the water flows like a star. When flowing, the stars die with the water, not a meteor across the night sky, clear and charming. The strangest thing is that the poet actually regards water as sparse and dense, sparse and transparent. The stars are reflected in the water, thick and turbid, and it is difficult to penetrate strong light. Poets are called poets, and their feelings must be different from ordinary people. The moon does not move, a cloud floats by, and the cloud moves like the moon, moving in the opposite direction. The poet is missing five words. The meticulous observation and grand conception are beyond the reach of a sensitive mind, which is amazing. The beauty of these two sentences renders the quiet and clear of the empty mountain, and effectively sets off the cold silence and desolation of the mountain temple.
Five or six sentences changed from natural landscape to personnel discussion. "Few people climb to the top" means that the mountain temple is inaccessible because it is on the top, which reveals that the mountain temple is far away from urban dust. "Gao Songhe does not flock", written on the lonely crane. A crane is a fairy bird, not as good as a chicken's honeymoon. Its dust-free and refined, thanks to the takamatsu next to the ancient temple, nesting on it, is even more tacky. In classical poetry, pine cranes are often used as symbols of nobility and longevity. Seeing pine cranes now will naturally remind people of people who plant pine cranes. This paved the way for the monks in the temple to be written later.
At the end of the sentence, there is only an 80-year-old monk in the temple. Although he went through the Spring and Autumn Period, his feet never fell on the earth and he always lived in peace with the world. Let's look at the sentence "few people, Gao Songhe is not a group", which shows the symbolic living environment of this monk. It can be seen from the whole poem that only when these caves are surrounded by empty mountains will there be such an extremely lonely temple, and only when there is such an extremely lonely temple will there be such a detached monk; The poet was the only one there, staying in his temple and watching his monk. If so, the poet's mind and interest are self-evident. This is the genius of the author's conception.