Wang Changling
The bonfire is in the west of the city 100 feet, and it is windy and autumn in Shanghai at dusk.
Guan Shanyue, who plays Qiangdi, is not worried about the golden boy Wan Li.
This song depicts the deep homesickness and homesickness of border guards.
This little poem is concise and has a distinctive style of writing. The poet skillfully handled the relationship between narration and lyricism. The first three sentences describe and describe the environment, creating an atmosphere by deepening and repeatedly rendering, paving the way for the fourth lyric sentence, highlighting the position of lyric sentences and making lyric sentences particularly powerful. "Firefighting in the West" suddenly pointed out that this was a lookout in the west of the bonfire city in Qinghai. Yuan Ye, which is desolate and lonely, has only this 100-foot tall building. This kind of environment can easily cause people's loneliness. The season is in autumn, and the chill invades people. This is the season when wanderers miss their loved ones and wives. Time meets dusk again. "Chickens live in the hustle and bustle, and it is dusk, and cattle and sheep come down." The gentleman is in service, don't think too much! "("The Book of Songs, Feng Wang, The Battle of Gentlemen ") This time often causes people to miss their loved ones who are serving. At this moment, the recruiter who has not returned for a long time is just sitting alone in the lonely garrison building. Heaven and earth are long, and there are no couples in prison. Homesickness rolls with the autumn wind blowing in the direction of Qinghai Lake. What is described above is the environment seen through vision. There is no sound and there is no three-dimensional sense. Then the poet wrote: "Play Guan Shanyue's Qiangdi more". In the lonely environment, there are waves of flutes, just like the call of relatives and the sigh of vagrants. This continuous flute sound, like a fuse, made the homesickness of frontier fortress people suppressed in their hearts uncontrollable, and finally broke out, which led to the last sentence of the poem. This wisp of flute sound is a scene for the piper who "sits alone" on the lonely building, but this scene is full of feelings expressed by the piper, which makes the environment more specific and richer in content. How ingenious and natural it is for the poet to use this sentence, which is equally affectionate and scenic, to complete the transition from scenery to emotion without revealing traces!
The poet's brushwork is also euphemistic and tortuous in expressing the ideological activities of recruiting talents and talents. The environmental atmosphere was created, paving the way for lyricism, and then it came naturally, directly describing the psychology of the border people-"Wan Li has no sorrow". What the author wants to show is to invite people to miss their loved ones and the countryside, but he doesn't write directly, but through the sadness of Wan Li's boudoir wife. The actual situation is the same: the wife's unforgettable thoughts are the result of inviting people home. This song and pen completely combine the feelings of recruiting people and thinking about women. As far as the whole article is concerned, this sentence is the finishing touch, which immediately makes the whole poem full of charm and more touching power.
Join the army and do the second thing.
Wang Changling
The new sound of pipa dance is always the old love.
I can't listen to endless worries, and the high autumn moon shines on the Great Wall.
This poem intercepts a fragment of the frontier fortress's military life, and expresses the profound and complicated feelings of the defenders through the writing of the military feast.
"Pipa dances to make new sounds". With the change of dance, the pipa played a new tune, and poetry and painting unfolded in a piece of music. Pipa is a musical instrument full of frontier flavor, and "playing the barbarian pipa, guitar and harp with him" is often essential for drinking and having fun in the army. These instrumental music, for the defenders, have an exclusive emotional appeal and are easy to arouse strong feelings. Since it is a "new sound", it can always give people some new interests and new feelings, right?
No, "forever is the past." The main content of side music can be summarized as "old love". Because art reflects real life, who is the defender who has not left his hometown or even abandoned his young wife? "Bieqing" is really the most common and profound emotion and creative material. Therefore, the pipa can be changed to a new tune, but it cannot change the emotional content contained in the lyrics. An Interpretation of Yuefu Ancient Poems says: "Guan Shanyue" grieves for his death. In the sentence, "Guanshan" is not only a literal meaning, but also a pun on the tune of "Guan Shanyue", which has a deeper meaning.
The "old" in this sentence corresponds to the "new" in the previous sentence, which has become a poetic turning point and produced a sound trend of resisting falling and rising, especially when "forever" is a powerful transfer, the effect is particularly obvious. Since the second sentence emphasizes the "old" of other feelings, is this music too boring? No, "I can't hear enough sadness", that tune can always disturb people's hearts at any time. Therefore, the endless "endless" tunes really make people afraid to listen, and they are always emotional. This is another turning point in the poem, another cadence of voice and emotion. Is the word "endless" a complaint? Is it a sigh? Is it awesome? Meaningful. As an "endless" solution, it is naturally biased towards resentment. However, if you don't listen enough, it will include praise. Therefore, the "worry about the frontier" mentioned in this sentence is not only a long-lost defense and homesickness, but also has more meanings. At that time, the northern border was not removed, and it was still impossible to stop the soldiers. When you think about this, the defender will feel uneasy. Most of the predecessors only saw its "meaning and bitterness" side, which may not be very comprehensive.
The first three sentences of this poem are all lyrical in music. When it comes to "border worries", the word "endless" is used, so how to finish the sentence with a limited number of seven words is the most obvious skill. The poet made a gentle gesture here in order to have sex with the scenery. It seems that after the scene of buying wine and drinking music in the army, a vast and desolate scene of the Great Wall reflecting the moon suddenly appeared: the ancient and majestic Great Wall was undulating, the autumn moon was shining high, and the scene was magnificent and sad. How do you feel about this? Is it infinite homesickness? Is it an ambition to make meritorious deeds or a sorrow for reality? Perhaps, you should also add a deep love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland, and so on.
Readers may feel that the emotional trickle of the first three sentences has developed in twists and turns (new sounds-old feelings-inaudible) and has merged into a deep lake. "The bright moon shines on the Great Wall in the crisp autumn", where feelings leave the scene and poetry sublimates. It is precisely because of this inexhaustible feeling that the poet "thinks endlessly" and "seems to be detached from reality" that people feel such rich and profound thoughts and feelings, and the inner world of defenders can be vividly expressed. In addition to the twists and turns of voice and emotion, this poem is also a stroke that cannot be ignored.
Join the army and do the third thing.
The elm leaves in Guancheng are early yellow, and the ancient battlefield in Shayunli is dusk.
Please go back to the army to hide dust and bones, and don't teach soldiers to cry.
Join the army and do the fourth thing.
Wang Changling
Qinghai Changyun Dark Snow Mountain,
Seeing yumenguan from the lonely city.
Huang Sha wears golden armor in many battles.
If you don't break Loulan, you won't return it.
Measure:
○ Pingsheng ● Pingsheng ⊙ Pingkecuo △ Yunping ▲ Yun Yun
There is a dark snow-capped mountain in Qinghai, with long white clouds and a lonely city looking at Yumenguan.
○●○○●●○ ○○○●●○△
Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned.
○○●●○○● ○●○○○●△
Precautions:
1. Qinghai: Lake Qinghai.
2. Wear: Wear.
3. Golden armor: the laudatory name of armor.
4. Loulan: the name of the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, generally referring to the Japanese pirates.
Reference translation:
Clouds over Qinghai darkened the snow-capped mountains and stood in the lonely city overlooking Yumen Pass in the distance. The Great Wall has worn out its helmet and armor in many battles, and it will never come back until it defeats the enemies in the west.
Appreciation of works:
"Qinghai Yunchang Snow Mountain is dark, and the lonely city looks at Yumenguan." There are long white clouds over Qinghai Lake. To the north of the lake, there is a faint snow-capped mountain stretching for thousands of miles; Crossing the snow-capped mountains, it is an isolated city, standing in the desert of Hexi Corridor. Further west, it is the Yumen Pass, a military fortress far away from the lonely city. This long scroll, which condensed things thousands of miles away, was a typical environment for soldiers living and fighting in the northwest frontier at that time. It is a bird's eye view and a summary of the entire northwest border.
Why did you specifically mention Qinghai and Guan Yu? This is related to the situation of the war between ethnic groups at that time. The strong enemies of the west and the north in the Tang Dynasty were Tubo and Turkic. Our special envoy's task in Hexi is to cut off the traffic between Tubo and Turkic, and take care of the two powerful enemies in the west and north within one town, mainly to defend Tubo and protect the Hexi Corridor. "Qinghai" area is the place where Tubo and Tang Jun fought many times; Outside Yumenguan, it is the sphere of influence of Turks.
Therefore, these two sentences not only describe the scene of the whole northwest border, but also point out the extremely important geographical situation that the "isolated city" rejects Tubo in the south and defends Turks in the west. The strong enemies in these two directions are the heart of the soldiers guarding the "lonely city", so Qinghai and Guan Yu should appear on the screen. This is not so much what the soldiers see, but rather what emerges in their minds. These two sentences are permeated with rich and complex feelings while writing the scenery: the frontier soldiers' concern for the frontier situation, their pride and sense of responsibility for their tasks, and the loneliness and hardship of frontier life are all integrated in the tragic, open and misty scenery.
The third and fourth sentences changed from the description of the environment with scenes to direct lyricism. "Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles" is a poem with strong generalization. The length of the border defense, the frequency of wars, the hardship of fighting, the toughness of the enemy and the desolation of the border are all summed up in these seven words. Hundreds of battles is more abstract, and the word "yellow sand" highlights the characteristics of the northwest battlefield, making people see the scene of "the ancient battlefield with sunset and sand like clouds"; From "winning every battle" to "wearing golden armor", we can imagine the arduousness and fierceness of the battle, and we can also imagine a series of heroic sacrifices in this long time. However, although the shining golden armor has worn out, the soldiers' ambition to serve the country has not been tempered, but has become more determined in the tempering of desert sand.
"Never break the Loulan, never return it" is the heroic oath of the battle-hardened soldiers. The more the last sentence highlights the difficulty of the battle and the frequency of the war, the more forceful it becomes, hitting the floor. In a word or two, the realm is broad and the feelings are tragic and rich; There is an obvious turning point between three or four sentences, and the two sentences are in sharp contrast. Although the phrase "yellow sand" describes the hardships of war, the actual feeling of the whole image is majestic and powerful, not deep and sad.
Therefore, the last sentence is not a lament for returning home without a day, but a firmer and deeper oath based on a deep understanding of the hardships and length of the war. An important ideological feature of the excellent frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is that while expressing the lofty sentiments and ambitions of the frontier guards, they do not shy away from the hardships of war. This article is an obvious example. It can be said that three or four sentences are not empty and superficial lyricism, but only one or two sentences of rich environmental description are needed. The high unity of typical environment and characters' feelings is a prominent advantage of Wang Changling's quatrains, which is also clearly reflected in this paper.
Related materials:
Readers of frontier poems in Tang Dynasty are often confused by the confusion and spatial separation of ancient and modern place names in poems. Some people doubt that the author is not familiar with geography, so they don't seek a good solution, and others write for it. This is the case with this poem. The first two sentences mentioned three place names. Snow Mountain is the Qilian Mountain which spans the south of Hexi Corridor. Qinghai and Guan Yu are thousands of miles apart, but they appear on the same picture, so these two sentences have various interpretations.
Some people say that the first sentence is looking forward, and the next sentence is looking back at home. This is very strange. Qinghai and Snow Mountain are in front, and Yumenguan is behind. Then the hometown of the lyric hero should be the Western Regions west of Yumenguan, not the Han soldiers, but Hu Bing. On the other hand, the second sentence is an inverted sentence of "Looking at Yumenguan, an isolated city", and the object of looking at it is "the dark snow mountain in Qinghai". There are two misunderstandings here: one is to interpret "looking from afar" as "looking from afar", and the other is to misunderstand the general description of the northwest border region as what the lyric hero sees. The former misunderstanding is due to the latter misunderstanding.
Join the army and do the fifth thing
Wang Changling
The dust in the desert is dim,
The red flag rolled out of Yuanmen.
The former army fought the Taohe River at night,
It is reported that he was captured alive.
People who have seen the Romance of the Three Kingdoms may be deeply impressed by the fifth book, Guan Yunchang's Warm Wine Chops Hua Xiong. This is a wonderful part of shaping Guan Yu's heroic image. But the book doesn't describe how Guan Yu, who was alone, confronted Hua Xiong, who led 50,000 troops. Instead, he used this passage: (Guan Yu) paid the bill, raised his knife and got on the horse. The vassals heard the drums outside the Commissioner deafening, shouting deafening, such as the sky were to fall, and all the people were surprised. He was about to listen when the Luan bell rang and the horse arrived in Zhong Jun. Yun Chang lifted Hua Xiong's head and threw it on the ground. The wine was still warm.
This document is very concise, and it shows the great power of Guan Yu from the atmosphere at that time and the reaction of governors. On its objective artistic effect, it is more fascinating than writing dozens of rounds of sword fights. Of course, this passage by Luo Guanzhong has his uniqueness, but if we avoid the positive narrative and let people imagine the scene of the war through the rendering of the atmosphere and the description of the side, it is not his initiative. This song "Joining the Army" by Rainbow Changling should be said to be an early and successful poetic form.
"The dust in the desert is dim", because the Altai Mountain, Tianshan Mountain and Kunlun Mountain in the northwest all run from west to east or southeast, forming a big horn in Hexi Corridor and eastern Qinghai. The wind is extremely strong, and when the wind is crazy, sand and stones fly. So "weak sun" followed by "desert dust" does not mean that it is getting late, but that the wind and sand cover the sky. But this not only shows the violent climate, but also appears as a background, which naturally plays a role in setting off and hinting at the military situation. In this case, what action will Tang Jun take? Not behind closed doors, passive defense, but active expedition. In order to reduce the strong resistance of the wind and speed up the March, the soldiers marched with half a roll of red flags. In Dust in the Desert, these two sentences have rendered a powerful force under the guidance of a red flag. It seems natural not to show off, but this army is like a sword, pointing directly at the enemy camp. This makes the reader's heartstrings tense and makes people feel that a fierce battle is coming. What kind of thrilling scene will this athlete running in the desert perform? In this suspense, read the last two sentences again: "The former army fought the Taohe River at night, but they were captured alive." This can be said to have fallen together. The reader's suspense was just followed by the army, and it was not their turn to show their talents on the battlefield. Just in the middle, the good news came that the vanguard troops won a great victory in the night battle and even the enemy chief was captured alive. The plot develops rapidly, which is a bit unexpected, but it is completely understandable, because the momentum of the army's expedition in the first two sentences has fully hinted at Tang Jun's morale and strength. This powerful reinforcements, not only set off the striker's victory is not accidental, but also can see that Tang Jun's strength is more than enough, and the victory is in hand.
From the description, the poet chose the follow-up troops that did not directly fight with the enemy, but only brought out the brilliant "night battle of the former army" from the side. This is an unconventional idea. If we change the narrative of the midnight oil from the front, it will inevitably appear dull and cannot be completed with short quatrains. Now, by avoiding describing the war process in a positive way and comparing it from the side, the shortcomings of quatrains become advantages. It allows readers to imagine how hard and excellent the striker's battle is from "Dusty Desert" and "Taohe Night Battle". Appreciate how dramatic this expedition is from "It is reported that it was captured alive". A fierce battle is not written at the top of one's lungs, but with a light jumping pen, through side contrast and dyeing, let readers appreciate and daydream. All this, manifested in just four poems, is more difficult in conceiving and expelling language, which should be said to be even more difficult than the novel story of "warm wine to kill Hua Xiong".
Join the army and do the sixth thing
Hu bottle flows purple and thin sweat, and the autumn moon in the west of the city is broken.
Ming Xing Chi sealed the sword and told you to take Loulan overnight.
Join the army and do the seventh thing.
Yumen Mountain is a thousand miles long, and the mountain is always in the north and south.
People should look at the fire from a distance, but they can't see the horses in the mountains.
Source:
Joining the army is selected from all Tang poems.
Writing background:
During the period of Tang Gaozong's transfer of Lu and Yonglong (679-68 1), Tubo and Turkic invaded Gansu for many times, and Pei Xingjian, the minister of Tang Rites, was ordered to rise up and crusade. Wang Changling's poem Join the Army describes the frontier soldiers inside. Poems are frontier poems written with old Yuefu poems, and there are seven poems. The whole poem describes the process and mood of scholars joining the army to fight in the frontier court, thus expressing the sense of mission and heroic feelings for making contributions to the country.
join the army
Yang Jiong
The bonfire (2) shines on Xijing, and my heart is uneven.
Tooth Zhang 3 resigned from Phoenix Que, and iron horse rode around Longcheng 4.
The snow faded (5) the flag was painted and the wind was noisy with the drums.
Better be a centurion than a scholar.
To annotate ...
(1) Joining the army: an old topic in Yuefu's Song Xianghe Pingdiao.
② "bonfire" sentence: It borrowed the meaning of "bonfire arrived in Ganquan and Chang 'an in a few months" in Huns Biography of Han Dynasty. Xijing refers to Chang 'an.
(3) Tooth piece: The soldiers' transfer sign is divided into two pieces, which are called "teeth" and embedded in the convex and concave parts. In the hands of the court and the main generals, respectively, as the basis for dispatching troops. Phoenix Que: refers to Chang 'an Palace Que. Historical Records: "(Zhang Jian Palace) is more than 20 feet east."
(4) Longcheng: a famous city of Xiongnu, which refers to the enemy's stronghold.
⑤ Fading: This means "decoloring". Flag painting: a colorful painting on a military flag.
⑥ Centurion: refers to junior officers.
Brief analysis
The works of "four outstanding men in the early Tang Dynasty" who joined the army and went out to the frontier showed the lofty aspirations of intellectuals to make contributions to the frontier, which was impassioned, magnificent and touching, and had a certain influence on the high prosperity and maturity of frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Yang Jiong's military career is one of the representative works.
Gao Zongji in Old Tang Dynasty: In the second year of Yonglong (68 1), Turks invaded Guyuan and Qingyang, and Pei Xingjian was ordered to go to war. Yang Jiong wrote this poem at this time. Originating police. The sentence "The beacon light in Xijing" is exaggerated. The foreign invasion is serious and the situation is critical, which naturally leads to the next sentence. Seeing the serious invasion of foreign enemies, he was "complacent", and his desire to "join the army" and his determination to defend his country came clean. The second couplet is about joining the army. The word "Zhang Ya" only means "Cifeng Que" and "Tieqi". The words are magnificent, dual and refined, but direct, which makes the anti-aggression military action fast and powerful. The Second League set off a fierce battle with the snowstorm on the battlefield and fell back to the Tail League: Although the snowstorm was biting cold and fierce, it was still "better to be a centurion" to defend the motherland. Echoing from beginning to end, it perfectly shows the theme of "joining the army".