1On February 6th, 956, the State Council issued the Instruction on Popularizing Putonghua, which supplemented and improved the meaning of Putonghua, and formally determined that Putonghua "takes Beijing dialect as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm". The word "Putonghua" has been widely used and has a clear connotation.
The origin of Putonghua: The homophony of the Han nationality was produced in the ancient Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties at the latest. At that time, the national * * * was called "Yayan", which was mainly popular in the Yellow River basin. The language of China's first collection of poems, The Book of Songs, is elegance. In the Han Dynasty, the national language of * * * was called "Tongyu". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, people paid great attention to the use of "sound" (pronunciation promulgated by the state) when writing articles and poems. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China people were called "Mandarin" in the same language. During the Republic of China, people in China used the same language as "national language". After the founding of New China, people in China used the same language as "Putonghua".
Putonghua takes Beijing dialect as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm. Its position as a Chinese national homophonic is formed by history. On the one hand, Beijing dialect, as a representative of northern dialects, has spread all over the country as a common language of the government for hundreds of years and developed into an "official dialect"; On the other hand, after the "Vernacular Movement", writers consciously wrote in Putonghua, and a large number of typical works emerged as the standard of written Putonghua. The "Putonghua Movement" has enhanced the representativeness of Beijing dialect in spoken language and promoted Beijing dialect to become the standard pronunciation of the whole nation. The special political, economic, cultural status and population advantages of the northern dialect area have established the status of Putonghua as a homonym of the Han nationality.
The origin of Putonghua is essentially based on Beijing pronunciation and northern dialects, so what Beijingers say is similar to Putonghua for most people.