1, the position and function of teaching materials:
The "content and requirements" in the new "Outline" clearly reveals that teaching in the field of science should have the characteristics of "situational, procedural, life-oriented and experiential", especially for abstract and thematic cognitive activities, which need to be presented in a real life style that children are familiar with. From the reality of children's life, select useful teaching materials, let children feel that "knowledge is not far away, knowledge is around", change "telling" into "feeling and experience", and devote themselves to learning activities in a proactive state.
The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education clearly points out: "Guide children to be interested in natural phenomena in the surrounding environment" and "Science education should be closely related to children's lives, and use things and phenomena around them as the objects of scientific inquiry". Therefore, starting from life is an important principle of material selection. The textbook selected for this activity-Autumn Flowers. Autumn is the world of chrysanthemums and osmanthus. Look, clusters of flowers are nodding and smiling in the breeze. How beautiful the chrysanthemums are in autumn! You see, colorful chrysanthemums are graceful and fragrant. Red is like fire, yellow is like gold, white is like snow, and purple is like chardonnay ... Some of these chrysanthemums are like girls' curly hair, some are intertwined like rolling Dan, some are a flower, some are in bud, and some are in full bloom. A gust of wind blew and a red golden lang appeared among the chrysanthemums. In autumn, clusters of beige sweet-scented osmanthus perched on the branches like fireflies, and winked at us playfully like little stars hidden in green leaves. The rich floral fragrance attracts groups of golden bees to fly around to collect sweet nectar. The whole campus is immersed in the fragrant sea of osmanthus, which is refreshing!
The blooming of flowers in autumn makes our campus so beautiful that it can't help attracting our children's attention. However, due to the lack of life experience, concrete thinking in images is the dominant factor for middle-class children. In practice, we find that children are interested in flowers, but they don't understand them. Instead of letting them float on the surface, let's explore their profound educational connotation. Therefore, combined with the ongoing theme of "Beautiful Autumn" and their strong thirst for knowledge and curiosity about things around them at this age, the organization of this activity not only satisfied their desire for exploration, but also vividly showed the common flowers in life and their applications and uses in life to children. Because of this, teaching materials really come from children's lives, so that children can feel that the original learning materials are so close to life, and they can enter the learning state with the mentality of "I want to learn", and their attention and thinking will be more active.
2. Talk about the formulation and breakthrough of activity objectives.
The goal of this activity is to understand the general characteristics and uses of chrysanthemum and osmanthus, and to appreciate the beauty of chrysanthemum and osmanthus.
The difficulty of this activity lies in: creatively presenting chrysanthemums and osmanthus in different regions, so that children can further sprout the consciousness of loving and protecting flowers.
In order to break through the difficulties of the activity, the following strategies are mainly adopted:
First, pay attention to the word "fun"-let children have interest and desire for activities. Autumn flowers are very common for children and can be seen everywhere in life. But careful people can easily find that children are not interested in these contents for too long because of lack of knowledge and experience. They just watch and browse in a formal way. How to attract children who think in images is the key to this kind of teaching materials. In this activity, create an activity environment, lead children to play in the garden of the Flower Fairy, and use the photos of osmanthus flowers taken by children with digital cameras to guide children to see their own figure on the big screen, thus mobilizing their deep desire for activities.
Second, emphasize the word "think"-let children discover the secrets of chrysanthemums and osmanthus in the overall perception. Chrysanthemums and osmanthus in autumn contain a lot of knowledge, such as their general characteristics, uses and so on. In the activity, it is obviously not good to preach blindly and let the children wander freely in my story. So, after letting the children observe the real chrysanthemums and osmanthus, I systematically summarized the children's overall perception with slides, and at the same time inspired the children to actively interact with them, solve the problems in the activities one by one, and break through the key points in the activities layer by layer.
Third, grasp the word "use"-let children use it in practice. The acquisition of knowledge is not an end, what is important is to learn to use knowledge. In the form of district activities, guide children to choose districts and corners for activities according to their own interests, turn what they have learned into materials for life, and deepen the application of chrysanthemum and osmanthus in life. These methods are suitable for children's age characteristics, children's interest and desire for independent activities.
3, said activity preparation:
Activity preparation is for children to develop through interaction with environment and materials, so activity preparation must adapt to children's abilities, interests and needs. According to the needs of this activity, I made the following preparations.
(1) Before class, take children to know osmanthus and chrysanthemum, and take photos of osmanthus with a digital camera.
(2) Site layout (Flower Fairy Garden)
(3) Making chrysanthemum and osmanthus slides with different colors, shapes and uses.
(4) Delivery of corner materials in each district:
Hand-made chrysanthemums: coke bottles, mineral water bottles, disposable paper cups, bowls, scissors, crepe paper and other materials;
Hands-on area-glutinous rice balls and osmanthus;
Tasting area-chrysanthemum, osmanthus, boiled water, cups, etc.
Secondly, talk about the teaching process.
(1) Scenario introduction, overall perception, observation of the environment, and perception of the beauty of osmanthus and chrysanthemum.
1. Create environmental situations to stimulate children's interest in activities. Take the children to the arranged place: "Today, let's play in the flower fairy's garden, shall we?"
2. "What do you think of Flower Fairy's garden? What flowers are there in the garden? " The object of knowledge, osmanthus fragrans, is elicited in the form of questions and queries.
(2) Interaction between teachers and children, bold exploration-observation, understanding and perception of the general characteristics and uses of osmanthus and chrysanthemum.
1. Take the children to observe the osmanthus trees in kindergarten in advance for the morning activities, and shoot them with a digital camera. Play the field content shot by digital camera again in class, and guide the children to observe: What does osmanthus grow on? What are the shapes and colors of flowers? What does osmanthus tree look like? What are the leaves like? Guide children to talk about the general characteristics of osmanthus fragrans.
2. Summarize children's stories in the form of slides (Osmanthus fragrans grows on osmanthus trees. The flowers are small, some are yellow, some are white, and many flowers grow together in clusters with strong fragrance. Osmanthus trees are tall and short, with dark green leaves and shapes like boats) to impress children. In this way, children's interests can be captured in time, and secondly, children's experiences can be summarized and improved in time.
3. Understand the use of osmanthus fragrans.
-Who knows what sweet-scented osmanthus is for?
-Osmanthus fragrans has many uses besides ornamental. Don't believe me, you see-
-Guide children to watch slides. Teacher's summary: Osmanthus fragrans can be made into Osmanthus Jelly, Osmanthus fragrans moon cakes, and Osmanthus fragrans can also be made into osmanthus wine by soaking in wine; Smoked tea to make osmanthus tea; Extract essence to make osmanthus perfume, osmanthus soap, etc. It can also be used as medicine to treat toothache caused by wind and fire.
4. Observe and understand the general characteristics of chrysanthemum.
Besides osmanthus in autumn, what other flowers are there? (chrysanthemum)
-Let the children go to the flower fairy garden in the back to find chrysanthemums.
-Guide children to tell the general characteristics of chrysanthemums.
(1) What colors do chrysanthemums have? What are the characteristics of flowers? What are the petals like?
(2) Teacher's summary: Chrysanthemum is a flower in autumn. Chrysanthemum is a bright and beautiful flower. Flowers are large and small, petals are wide and narrow, straight and curved, and colors are yellow, white, purple and red. Chrysanthemum leaves are green with serrated edges. The chrysanthemums are beautiful. They are usually planted in gardens or flowerpots.
(3) Why do people plant so many chrysanthemums?
-Let children enjoy the slides and learn about the use of chrysanthemums.
Summary: People plant chrysanthemums, which makes our living environment more beautiful. The scent of chrysanthemum can cure headaches. Chrysanthemum can also be used as a refreshing drink to make tea. We should all cherish them!
As a comprehensive activity focusing on scientific activities, it pays attention to the infiltration and integration of knowledge in this field. Knowing and understanding the basic characteristics and uses of chrysanthemum and osmanthus fragrans is one of the most important knowledge points. In addition, let them appreciate the beauty of chrysanthemum and osmanthus through slides in these processes, and improve their aesthetic ability. )
(3) Independent operation and practical application-creating osmanthus and chrysanthemum art works-carrying out activities in different regions.
In the form of corner activities, prepare chrysanthemum, osmanthus and other common foods in children's lives, and use their six senses to let children remember, imagine and operate in different areas. The diversity of thinking makes children more active, positive and effective.
-put forward creative requirements:
Osmanthus fragrans and chrysanthemums are not only beautiful, but also have such great skills. Do you want to play games with them? -Children carry out activities in different areas.
1 area: skillful area-making chrysanthemums: coke bottles, mineral water bottles, disposable paper cups and bowls; Make chrysanthemums with scissors, crepe paper, double-sided tape and other materials;
Zone 2: Hands-on Zone-Sweet-scented osmanthus dumplings: glutinous rice dumplings powder and sweet-scented osmanthus are provided;
Zone 3: tasting zone-tasting chrysanthemum osmanthus tea: providing chrysanthemum, osmanthus, boiled water, cups and other materials;
Children create and communicate their own creative process.
At the same time, the activity also infiltrated and integrated the values of other fields: the language field-describing one's creation with nice words; Art field-creative visual operation of dividing chrysanthemum and osmanthus, giving people a beautiful experience)
(4) Emotional stimulation.
Do you think flowers have many benefits? What should we do with flowers? (environmental education)
The integration of emotion, knowledge and skills is fully considered in the formulation of goals, and the stimulation of emotion is as important as the mastery of knowledge and skills. The whole activity was full of children's love for chrysanthemums and sweet-scented osmanthus, and their enthusiasm was well mobilized. Through later corner activities and emotional stimulation, children are encouraged to care for flowers and plants, so that emotional education has been sublimated and gained sustainable value.
(5) Expand thinking and extend migration.
Design a table for parents to go home and guide their children to find other flowers in autumn for the next theme activity. The purpose of this link is to guide children to pay attention to the life around them, to pay attention to the things around them, and to find that the seemingly ordinary things in life originally contain rich knowledge, and to guide children to establish their perception and experience of life.