The variation theory of comparative literature recently put forward by domestic scholars has shifted the focus of comparative literature from "seeking common ground" to "seeking differences". The study of variation inspires us to examine the variation of literary texts in the process of acceptance with a new way of thinking, which highlights the cultural characteristics of both the exporting country and the importing country. The totally different acceptance fate of Hanshan's poems in China and the United States is a remarkable example in this respect. Through an all-round investigation of the two cultural systems, cross-civilization dialogue can be effectively realized.
Background:
In 1950s and 1960s, it caused a "cold mountain fever" in America.
The reason for the revival of Hanshan's poetry in the United States (in line with the American pursuit of absolute freedom at that time, China's classical poetry has the same influence in the American poetry tradition, so it was revived and popularized in the United States).
Original text:
Night berth near Fengqiao
Tang zhangji
Crows fell on the moon, crowed coldly, slept on maple trees, and slept in fishing lanes by the river.
In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
The moon is setting in the west, the autumn frost is all over the sky, and there are several cries in front of Wuti Mountain; The fishing fire on the river reflects the red maple tree, which provokes me with melancholy. Oh, the famous Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou; The midnight bell floated to my boat.
Appreciation: This four-line poem uses a sad word.
The first two sentences are full of images: falling moon, crow, frosty sky, Jiang Feng, fishing fire, sleepless people, which creates an aesthetic situation with rich meanings and rhymes. The last two sentences, the image of the city, the image of the temple, the image of the ship and the image of the bell, are an ethereal and far-reaching artistic conception. Lit a fishing fire in autumn night by the river, and the guest will smell the bell in the quiet night. The selection of all scenery is unique: one is static and one is dynamic, one is bright and the other is dark. The collocation of scenery and the artistic conception of characters have reached a high degree of tacit understanding and blending, and * * * has formed this artistic realm that has become a model for later generations.